Wide-ranging examination of the nexus between domestic politics and foreign policy during the past 60 years. In 1940, Franklin Roosevelt urged his countrymen to turn America into "the great arsenal of democracy," supplying the necessary weapons to defeat the Nazi threat. Within a year the United States fully entered World War II and subsequently devised numerous policies and institutions that abided for decades, creating a national-security state whose contours have always been shaped by domestic politics. Zelizer (History and Public Affairs/Princeton Univ.; New Directions in Policy Issues, 2005, etc.) organizes his detailed survey around four themes: the ongoing battle between congress and the president for control of national-security policy; the constant jockeying between Democrats and Republicans for a national-security electoral advantage; the recurring debate about how big and powerful the national government should be; and the persistent controversy over unilateral vs. multilateral action. The author makes clear that moments of bipartisan coalition have been rare. Instead, ideological, electoral and institutional battles are the rule where the demands of a democracy and superpower status often conflict. Marching through the decades since WWII, Zelizer reminds us of episodes that have set off foreign-policy debates-the major wars, of course, but also now dimly remembered disputes over who lost China, the so-called missile gap with the Soviet Union, the rise of the military-industrial complex, the utility of detente and the wisdom of the nuclear-freeze movement. He skillfully charts the debate over various illustrative issues-defense spending, human rights abroad, first-amendmentrights at home-and his discussion of the draft, which once intimately connected the average citizen to the national-security state, is particularly fine. A timely analysis of the forces that will collide as President Obama ponders the way forward in Afghanistan. Author tour to New York, Boston, Washington, D.C. Agent: Scott Moyers/The Wylie Agency
Bruce J. Schulman, William E. Huntington Professor of History, Boston University
“Extensively researched and vigorously argued, Arsenal of Democracy uncovers the intimate and complex interactions between domestic politics and national security policy in the post-World War II period, exploding the old saw that politics stopped at the water’s edge. Ranging over half a century, this ambitious book sets the standard for understanding the politics of national security policy in modern America.”
Laura Kalman, Professor of History, University of California, Santa Barbara
“Arsenal of Democracy provides a provocative, timely and compulsively readable account of the vexed relationship between foreign and domestic policy and the tangled politics of national security since World War II.”
Foreign Affairs
“In this eminently readable book, Zelizer has provided an admirably balanced account of the politics of U.S. foreign policy…. It gives structural realists much to chew on; Zelizer makes a powerful case that domestic political debates, rather than the international environment, have frequently shaped U.S. foreign policy on issues of great strategic importance…. [A] powerful and rewarding study of U.S. foreign policy in modern times.”
Wilson Quarterly
“Attuned to the debates of the moment, political observers rarely step back to view the antecedents of current controversy.… Yet a wide lens is crucial when dealing with interconnected issues such as foreign policy. In Arsenal of Democracy, Julian E. Zelizer affords us an opportunity to scan that far horizon, surveying the history of the politics of national security from the late 19th century onward.”
The American Prospect
“Zelizer’s inspired choice to write a foreign-policy history primarily from the perspective of bare-knuckled politicking rather than high-minded disputes about America’s role in the world casts many events in a new light.”
Jeremi Suri, E. Gordon Fox Professor of History, University of Wisconsin
"Many Americans imagine a past era of bipartisan cooperation in our country around critical issues of war and peace. Zelizer shows that such a golden age never existed in our nation's politics. Instead, Democrats and Republicans have used foreign policy debates since World War II to push their partisan agendas and their electoral interests. Zelizer does not criticize this process, but he reminds us that successful foreign policy always requires effective manipulation of interests, fears, and aspirations at home. Zelizer offers a compelling account of how foreign policy is really made. Every citizen interested in understanding our nation's policies would benefit from reading this well-written book."
Kirkus
“A timely analysis of the forces that will collide as President Obama ponders the way forward in Afghanistan.”
Evan Thomas, author of Sea of Thunder and John Paul Jones
“Julian Zelizer is a patient and clear-eyed guide through the thicket of American foreign policy. He combines a feel for the sweep of history with a grasp of significant detail to bring alive America's often uncertain effort to lead the world.”
Randall B. Woods, author of LBJ: Architect of American Ambition
"Whether you are looking for a historical context in which to evaluate the wars in Iraq or Afghanistan or simply for a riveting, up-to-date history of U.S. national security policy, this is the book for you."
Sean Wilentz, author of The Age of Reagan
“Arsenal of Democracy is a magnificent book by one of the finest American historians to come along in some time. Julian Zelizer's acuity about how American politics actually works, on many fronts, illuminates his sweeping narrative and reinterpretation of national security policy, from FDR through the age of Ronald Reagan. Exact in detail but grand in conception, it is a work of modern historical analysis at its best.”
Booklist
“[A] detailed and even-handed account. Covering election campaigns, election winners’ interpretation of the results, and votes on Capitol Hill, Zelizer makes the case to general-interest readers that American politics have never stopped at the water’s edge.”
Michael Kazin, author of A Godly Hero: The Life of William Jennings Bryanand Professor of History, Georgetown University
“Julian Zelizer’s comprehensive, unfailingly wise book should finally demolish the myth of bipartisanship in the making of America's wars and diplomacy. Vigorously argued and brilliantly researched, Arsenal of Democracy is essential reading for anyone who wants to understand political conflict in the nation from FDR to Barack Obama.”
Frederik Logevall, Professor of History, Cornell University, and co-author of America’s Cold War: The Politics of Insecurity
“Arsenal of Democracy is a myth-shattering history of the American national security state since 1945. Zelizer sheds important new light on the fiercely debated issues of the postwar era, and amply supports his core argument: in the United States, foreign policy is always a political matter. A marvelously instructive work.”
Rick Perlstein, author of Nixonland
"Simultaneously a lucid synthesis and a work of commanding original research, Julian Zelizer's sweeping tour de horizon on American foreign policy from the age of isolationism to the post-9/11 era demonstrates to a fare-thee-well that politics has never, ever stopped at the water's edge. In making the argument, it is mature, fluent, and authoritative."