Table of Contents
Why Consider Opposing Viewpoints? 11
Introduction 14
Chapter 1 Should the Government Fund Scientific Research?
Chapter Preface 18
1 Government-Funded Scientific Research Is an Investment in the Future Awake Newitz 21
2 Government Funding of Scientific Research Is Essential to the Public Good Oliver Tonkin 28
3 Government Funding Lowers the Quality of Scientific Research Patriot J. Michaels 34
4 Cuts in Government Funding for Science Research Endanger the National Economy David Eisenberg 43
5 Government Funding of Medical Research Injects Politics into Scientific Questions Michael D. Tanner 48
6 Government Research Funding Is Essential for Maintaining World Leadership in Science Alexander Nakhnikian 53
Periodical and Internet Sources Bibliography 60
Chapter 2 Is There Too Much Regulation of Scientific Research?
Chapter Preface 62
1 Excessive Federal Regulation Diverts Scientists' Time from Research Tobin L. Smith Josh Trapani Anthony DeCrappeo David Kennedy 64
2 Regulation of Government-Funded Scientific Research Is Justified Clark Wolf 75
3 Regulations That Impede Research Productivity Should Be Reduced National Research Council 82
4 Stronger Regulation of Nanotechnology Research Is Needed for Safety Adam Soliman 87
5 Regulatory Impediments Hinder Innovative Research in Medicine Richard A. Epstein 99
6 Scientists Agree That Geoenginccring Research Should Be Regulated David Kramer 99
7 Tight Regulation of Stem Cell Research Prevents Investment Required for Progress Jon Entitle 107
8 There Is Inadequate Regulation of Scientific Research Useful to Terrorists Jim Sensenbrenner 111
Periodical and Internet Sources Bibliography 116
Chapter 3 Should Animals Be Used in Scientific Research?
Chapter Preface 118
1 The Grim Good of Animal Research Wesley J. Smith 118
2 Results from Research on Animals Are Not Valid When Applied to Humans American Anti-Vivisection Society 126
3 Scientific Research on Animals Is Vital to Advance in Medicine Ross R. Keller 134
4 Not All Scientific Research on Animals Is Ethically Justified Lori Gruen 139
5 Opposition lo Animal Studies Threatens Research in Psychology Allyson J. Bennett 144
6 Replacements Must Be Found for Animals in Scientific Research Hope Ferdowsian 152
7 Alternatives to Animal Experimentation Have Limitations Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics 161
8 Technological Alternatives Can End the Experimental Use of Animals George Dvorsky 167
Periodical and Internet Sources Bibliography 174
Chapter 4 Are Fraud and Misconduct by Scientists Common?
Chapter Preface 176
1 Scientific Research Fraud Is on the Rise Associated Press 178
2 Scientific Misconduct Occurs but Is Rare Richard B. Primack 183
3 Reporting of Scientific Misconduct Should Go Beyond High-Profile Scandals Declan Fahy 188
4 Scientific Misconduct Is Less Common than Implied by the Media Heinrich Rohrer 195
5 Scientific Misconduct: More Cops, More Robbers? Colin Macilwain 200
6 Fraud and Misconduct Are Threatening Scientific Research Alok Jha 207
7 Sometimes Scientists Are Accused of Misconduct for Political Reasons Christian Smith 215
Periodical and Internet Sources Bibliography 222
For Further Discussion 223
Organizations to Contact 225
Bibliography of Books 231
Index 235
