Aristotle (384 BC – 322 BC) was a Greek philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. His writings cover subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, linguistics, politics, government, ethics, biology, and zoology. Along with Plato and Socrates (Plato's teacher), Aristotle is the founding figures in Western philosophy. Aristotle's writings encompass morality and aesthetics, logic and science, politics and metaphysics. Aristotle's views shaped medieval scholarship, and his influence extended well into the Renaissance, although his views were replaced by Newtonian physics. His works include study of logic, which was incorporated in the late 19th century into modern formal logic. In metaphysics, Aristotelianism had an influence on philosophical and theological thinking in the Islamic and Jewish traditions in the Middle Ages, and it continues to influence Christian theology, especially the scholastic tradition of the Catholic Church. His ethics, though always influential, gained renewed interest with the modern advent of virtue ethics. All aspects of Aristotle's philosophy continue to be the object of active academic study today. It is believed that the majority of his writings are lost and only about one-third of the original works have survived.