Table of Contents

Foreword
Preface to the Revised Edition
1 Introduction and Summary
1.1 Using Verbal Reports: Some Issues
1.2 The Processing Model
1.3 Types of Verbalizing Procedures
1.4 Two Challenges to Verbal Reports
1.5 Verbal Reports of Cognitive States and Structures
1.6 Verbal Reports in Assessment Studies
1.7 History of Verbal Reports and Introspection
1.8 Summary and Prospect
2 Effects of Verbalization
2.1 Verbalization and Thinking
2.2 EXperimental Studies of Verbalizing Without Recoding
2.3 ThinkingAloud Processes
2.4 Review of Empirical Studies
2.5 Summary
3 Completeness of Reports
3.1 Three Viewpoints
3.2 Recognition Processes
3.3 Information About Cognitive States
3.4 What Is Reported?
3.5 Learning Without Awareness
3.6 Retrospective Reports of Earlier Cognitive Processes
3.7 Insight and Access to Solution Ideas
3.8 Conclusion
4 Inferences From Verbal Data
4.1 Requirements for Using Verbal Data
4.2 Memory as Evidence for Heeding
4.3 Inferences from Verbal Reports
4.4 Generalizations About Cognitive Processes
4.5 Direct Assessment of General Processes
4.6 Verbal Reports and Theories
4.7 Conclusion
5 Model of Verbalization
5.1 General Model and Assumptions
5.2 Concurrent Verbalization
5.3 Incomplete Verbalization of Information in STM
5.4 Implications for Protocol Analysis
6 Methods for Protocol Analysis
6.1 Early Protocol Analysis
6.2 Introduction to Techniques of Protocol Analysis
6.3 Methodological Issues
6.4 Reliability and Validity of Encoding
6.5 Effective Protocol Analysis Procedures
7 Techniques of Protocol Analysis
7.1 Informal ProtocolAnalysis
7.2 Using a Theory for Protocol Prediction
7.3 Characteristics of Generated Information: Representations
7.4 Sequences of Heeded Information
7.5 Processes With Alternative Realizations
7.6 Reliability of Verbal Reports
7.7 Concluding Remarks and Future Directions
AppendiX
Bibliography
Author IndeX
Subject IndeX