Table of Contents
List of Illustrations viii List of Tables xvi
Notes on Contributors xviii Acknowledgments xxviii
1 The Past, Present and Future of Paleoanthropology 1 David R. Begun
2 History 17 Matthew R. Goodrum
Part I Background to Paleoanthropology 35
Section 1 Method and Theory 35
3 Human Systematics 37 David S. Strait
4 Experimental Approaches to Musculoskeletal Function in Primates 55 Matthew J. Ravosa, Kimberly A. Congdon, and Rachel A. Menegaz
5 Multivariate Quantitative Methods in Paleoanthropology 75 Michael A. Schillaci and Philipp Gunz
6 Growth, Development, and Life History in Hominin Evolution 97 Jay Kelley and Debra Bolter
Section 2 Anatomical Regions 118
7 Cranial Evolution in the Apes 119 Brian T. Shea
8 Hominid Brain Evolution 136 P. Thomas Schoenemann
9 Hominin Diets 165 Peter S. Ungar and Matt Sponheimer
10 Origin and Evolution of Human Postcranial Anatomy 183 Brian G. Richmond and Kevin G. Hatala
Section 3 Environment and Behavior 203
11 Multiproxy Paleoecology: Reconstructing Evolutionary Context in Paleoanthropology 204 Kaye E. Reed
12 Reconstructing Social Behavior from Fossil Evidence 226 J. Michael Plavcan
13 Geochronology 244 Alan L. Deino
14 The Origins and Evolution of Technology 265 Kathy Schick and Nicholas Toth
Section 4 Genetics and Race 290
15 Genetic Perspectives on Ape and Human Evolution 291 Todd R. Disotell
16 The Genetics of Morphology 306 Richard J. Sherwood and Dana L. Duren
17 Paleoanthropology and Race 321 Milford H. Wolpoff and Rachel Caspari
Part II The Fossil Record 339
Section 5 Paleogene Primates 339
18 Primate Origins 341 Mary T. Silcox
19 Anthropoid Origins 358 K. Christopher Beard
20 Catarrhine Origins 376 Terry Harrison
Section 6 Neogene/Quaternary Hominoids 397
21 The Miocene Hominoid Radiations 398 David R. Begun
22 Before Australopithecus : The Earliest Hominins 417 Scott W. Simpson
23 Australopithecus and Kenyanthropus 434 Ashley S. Hammond and Carol V. Ward
24 Paranthropus 457 Bernard Wood and Kes Schroer
Section 7 The Age of Homo 479
25 Earliest Homo 480 Friedemann Schrenk
26 Homo erectus and Related Taxa 497 Susan C. Antón
27 The Middle Pleistocene Record: On the Ancestry of Neandertals, Modern Humans and Others … 517 Jean-Jacques Hublin
28 Neanderthals 538 Katerina Harvati-Papatheodorou
29 Modern Human Origins 557 Mark Collard and Mana Dembo
30 Homo floresiensis 582 William L. Jungers
Index 599