Table of Contents
Preface vi
Acknowledgments ix
Chapter Previews xi
Rationalist and Empiricist Epistemologies
Chapter 1 RENÉ DESCARTES (1596–1650): Mind-Body Interactionism 1
Chapter 2 JOHN STUART MILL (1806–1873): British Empiricism Firsthand 7
Nineteenth Century Studies of the Brain
Chapter 3 FRANÇOIS MAGENDIE (1783–1855): The Bell-Magendie Principle 14
Chapter 4 PAUL BROCA (1824–1880): The Case of “Tan” 19
The “new Psychology” Emerges
Chapter 5 WILHELM WUNDT (1832–1920): A New Scientific Psychology 24
Chapter 6 HERMANN EBBINGHAUS (1850–1909): On Memory 32
Comparative Psychology Copyrighted Material
Chapter 7 WILLARD S. SMALL (1870–1943): Inventing Maze Learning 41
Chapter 8 EDWARD L. THORNDIKE (1874–1949): Cats in Puzzle Boxes 48
American Pioneers
Chapter 9 WILLIAM JAMES (1842–1910): On Consciousness and Emotion 55
Chapter 10 MARY WHITON CALKINS (1863–1930): Experiments on Association 62
Structuralism and Functionalism
Chapter 11 E. B. TITCHENER (1867–1927): A Structural Psychology 70
Chapter 12 JAMES ROWLAND ANGELL (1869–1949): A Functional Psychology 77
Gestalt Psychology
Chapter 13 KURT KOFFKA (1886–1941): Gestalt Psychology and Perception 84
Chapter 14 WOLFGANG KÖHLER (1887–1967): Problem Solving in Apes 91
Nature/nurture
Chapter 15 FRANCIS GALTON (1822–1911): The Inheritance of Mental Ability 98
Chapter 16 HENRY H. GODDARD (1866–1957): The Kallikak Study 106
Origins of Behaviorism
Chapter 17 IVAN PAVLOV (1849–1936): Conditioned Reflexes 114
Chapter 18 JOHN BROADUS WATSON (1878–1958): A Behaviorist Manifesto 122
Evolution of Behaviorism
Chapter 19 EDWARD C. TOLMAN (1886–1959): Cognitive Maps 129
Chapter 20 B. F. SKINNER (1904–1990): An Experimental Analysis of Behavior 137
Psychoanalysis
Chapter 21 SIGMUND FREUD (1887–1967): The Clark Lectures on Psychoanalysis 144
Chapter 22 KAREN HORNEY (1885–1952): Conflict, Anxiety, and Neurosis 151
Clinical Psychology
Chapter 23 LIGHTNER WITMER (1867–1956): The Psychological Clinic 158
Chapter 24 MARY COVER JONES (1896–1987): Behavior Therapy 165
Sex and Race
Chapter 25 LETA STETTER HOLLINGWORTH (1886–1939): Sex Differences in Aptitude 171
Chapter 26 KENNETH B. CLARK (1914–2005) and MAMIE PHIPPS CLARK (1917–1983): The Doll Studies 178
Industrial Psychology
Chapter 27 WALTER DILL SCOTT (1869–1955): Psychology and Advertising 185
Chapter 28 HUGO MÜNSTERBERG (1863–1916): Applying Psychology to Business 192
Mental Testing
Chapter 29 JAMES MCKEEN CATTELL (1860–1944): Mental Tests 199
Chapter 30 ALFRED BINET (1857–1911): The Binet-Simon Tests of Intelligence 206
Personality & Social Psychology
Chapter 31 GORDON ALLPORT (1897–1967): The Uniqueness of Personality 214
Chapter 32 KURT LEWIN (1890–1947): The Leadership Studies 221
Cognitive Psychology
Chapter 33 FREDERICK C. BARTLETT (1886–1969): Constructive Memory 229
Chapter 34 JOHN JENKINS (1901–1948) and KARL DALLENBACH (1887–1971): Interference and Memory 237
Humanistic Psychology
Chapter 35 ABRAHAM MASLOW (1908–1970): A Hierarchy of Needs 245
Chapter 36 CARL ROGERS (1902–1987): The Therapeutic Environment 252
References 259
Index 266
