Table of Contents
Physiology and Pathophysiology of Bone.- Natural History of the Skeleton.- Cortical Bone.- Trabecular Bone.- Composition of Bone.- Bone Cells.- Factors Regulating Calcium Homeostasis and Bone Resorption/Bone Formation.- References.- Bone Resorption.- Mechanisms of Local Bone Resorption.- References.- Bone Formation.- Cells of the Osteoblast Lineage.- Osteocalcin.- Other Bone Matrix Proteins.- Bone Mineralization.- References.- Factors Regulating Bone-resorbing Cells and Bone-forming Cells.- Parathyroid Hormone.- Calcitonin.- Vitamin D3.- Prostaglandins.- Interleukin-1.- Tumor Necrosis Factor and Lymphotoxin.- Interleukin-4.- Interleukin-6.- ?-Interferon.- Colony-stimulating Factors.- Osteoclast-forming Factor.- References.- Factors Regulating Bone Formation.- Transforming Growth Factor ? (TGF- ?).- Fibroblast Growth Factors.- Platelet-derived Growth Factor.- Bone Morphogenetic Proteins.- Insulin-like Growth Factors.- References.- Pharmacological Treatment of Bone Disorders.- Estrogens and Antiestrogens.- Calcium.- Fluoride.- Vitamin D3/Calcitriol.- Phosphate Therapy.- References.- Bisphosphonates.- Pamidronate: From a Detergent in Washing Powder to a Registered Drug.- References.- Chemical Structure and Preclinical Evaluation.- Chemical Structure.- Biological Effects.- Pharmacokinetics.- Distribution.- References.- Hypercalcemia of Malignancy.- Magnitude of the Problem.- Pathogenesis.- Mediators.- Treatment.- Rehydration and Supportive Care.- Plicamycin (Mithramycin).- Dialysis.- Bisphosphonates.- Other Bisphosphonates.- Gallium Nitrate.- Cisplatin.- References.- Malignant Osteolytic Bone Disease.- Magnitude of the Problem.- Interdisciplinary Management.- Etidronate.- Oral Formulations of Second- and Third-generation Bisphosphonates.- References.- Pamidronate.-Pharmacokinetics of Pamidronate in Patients with Bone Metastases.- References.- Pamidronate for Pain Control in Patients with Malignant Osteolytic Bone Disease: A Prospective Dose-Effect Study.- Patients and Methods.- Results.- Discussion.- Conclusion.- References.- A Prospective, Randomized, Dose-finding Study of Pamidronate in Patients with Malignant Osteolytic Bone Disease.- Patients and Methods.- Statistical Analysis.- Results.- Patients Characteristics.- Properties of LASA Scales and PSC.- Efficacy (LASA).- Efficacy (PS, PSC, and Use of Analgesics).- Efficacy (Laboratory Values).- Treatment Duration.- Toxicity and Side Effects.- Multivariate Analysis.- Conclusion.- References.- Pamidronate Versus Controls in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer and Bone Metastases.- Pamidronate for Inhibition of Bone Progression in Patients with Advanced Breast Cancer: A Randomized, Multicenter Phase-III Trial.- Patients and Methods.- Results.- Discussion.- References.- Aredia in the Indication of Osteolytic Bone Metastases of Breast Cancer: A Model for Evaluation of Cost-Benefit.- References.- Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind, Dose-finding Study in Patients with Malignant Osteolytic Bone Metastases and Pain: 60 mg vs. 90 mg Pamidronate.- Aim of the Study.- Study Design.- Treatment.- Statistical Considerations.- Patient Characteristics.- Results.- Pain Intensity.- Responders/Nonresponders.- Pain Improvement.- Pain Frequency.- General Well-being.- Pain Score.- Performance Status.- Analgesic Score.- Total Bone Mineral Density.- Correlation of Results from Selected End Points.- Pain Intensity and Bone Mineral Density.- Correlation of Bone Mineral Density and Diagnosis.- Discussion.- References.- Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Pamidronate Treatment in Patients with Advanced Malignant Osteolytic Bone Disease: SG 110/93 Plus.- Patients and Methods.- Results.- Conclusion.- Recent Developments and Future Directions.- Ibandronate.- Pamidronate.- Adjuvant Bisphosphonate Therapy.- Future Directions.- References.
