Breaking Ranks: How the Rankings Industry Rules Higher Education and What to Do about It
Some colleges will do anything to improve their national ranking. That can be bad for their students—and for higher education.

Since U.S. News & World Report first published a college ranking in 1983, the rankings industry has become a self-appointed judge, declaring winners and losers among America's colleges and universities. In this revealing account, Colin Diver shows how popular rankings have induced college applicants to focus solely on pedigree and prestige, while tempting educators to sacrifice academic integrity for short-term competitive advantage. By forcing colleges into standardized "best-college" hierarchies, he argues, rankings have threatened the institutional diversity, intellectual rigor, and social mobility that is the genius of American higher education.

As a former university administrator who refused to play the game, Diver leads his readers on an engaging journey through the mysteries of college rankings, admissions, financial aid, spending policies, and academic practices. He explains how most dominant college rankings perpetuate views of higher education as a purely consumer good susceptible to unidimensional measures of brand value and prestige. Many rankings, he asserts, also undermine the moral authority of higher education by encouraging various forms of distorted behavior, misrepresentation, and outright cheating by ranked institutions. The recent Varsity Blues admissions scandal, for example, happened in part because affluent parents wanted to get their children into elite schools by any means necessary.

Explaining what is most useful and important in evaluating colleges, Diver offers both college applicants and educators a guide to pursuing their highest academic goals, freed from the siren song of the "best-college" illusion. Ultimately, he reveals how to break ranks with a rankings industry that misleads its consumers, undermines academic values, and perpetuates social inequality.

"1139740308"
Breaking Ranks: How the Rankings Industry Rules Higher Education and What to Do about It
Some colleges will do anything to improve their national ranking. That can be bad for their students—and for higher education.

Since U.S. News & World Report first published a college ranking in 1983, the rankings industry has become a self-appointed judge, declaring winners and losers among America's colleges and universities. In this revealing account, Colin Diver shows how popular rankings have induced college applicants to focus solely on pedigree and prestige, while tempting educators to sacrifice academic integrity for short-term competitive advantage. By forcing colleges into standardized "best-college" hierarchies, he argues, rankings have threatened the institutional diversity, intellectual rigor, and social mobility that is the genius of American higher education.

As a former university administrator who refused to play the game, Diver leads his readers on an engaging journey through the mysteries of college rankings, admissions, financial aid, spending policies, and academic practices. He explains how most dominant college rankings perpetuate views of higher education as a purely consumer good susceptible to unidimensional measures of brand value and prestige. Many rankings, he asserts, also undermine the moral authority of higher education by encouraging various forms of distorted behavior, misrepresentation, and outright cheating by ranked institutions. The recent Varsity Blues admissions scandal, for example, happened in part because affluent parents wanted to get their children into elite schools by any means necessary.

Explaining what is most useful and important in evaluating colleges, Diver offers both college applicants and educators a guide to pursuing their highest academic goals, freed from the siren song of the "best-college" illusion. Ultimately, he reveals how to break ranks with a rankings industry that misleads its consumers, undermines academic values, and perpetuates social inequality.

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Breaking Ranks: How the Rankings Industry Rules Higher Education and What to Do about It

Breaking Ranks: How the Rankings Industry Rules Higher Education and What to Do about It

by Colin Diver
Breaking Ranks: How the Rankings Industry Rules Higher Education and What to Do about It

Breaking Ranks: How the Rankings Industry Rules Higher Education and What to Do about It

by Colin Diver

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Overview

Some colleges will do anything to improve their national ranking. That can be bad for their students—and for higher education.

Since U.S. News & World Report first published a college ranking in 1983, the rankings industry has become a self-appointed judge, declaring winners and losers among America's colleges and universities. In this revealing account, Colin Diver shows how popular rankings have induced college applicants to focus solely on pedigree and prestige, while tempting educators to sacrifice academic integrity for short-term competitive advantage. By forcing colleges into standardized "best-college" hierarchies, he argues, rankings have threatened the institutional diversity, intellectual rigor, and social mobility that is the genius of American higher education.

As a former university administrator who refused to play the game, Diver leads his readers on an engaging journey through the mysteries of college rankings, admissions, financial aid, spending policies, and academic practices. He explains how most dominant college rankings perpetuate views of higher education as a purely consumer good susceptible to unidimensional measures of brand value and prestige. Many rankings, he asserts, also undermine the moral authority of higher education by encouraging various forms of distorted behavior, misrepresentation, and outright cheating by ranked institutions. The recent Varsity Blues admissions scandal, for example, happened in part because affluent parents wanted to get their children into elite schools by any means necessary.

Explaining what is most useful and important in evaluating colleges, Diver offers both college applicants and educators a guide to pursuing their highest academic goals, freed from the siren song of the "best-college" illusion. Ultimately, he reveals how to break ranks with a rankings industry that misleads its consumers, undermines academic values, and perpetuates social inequality.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9781421443058
Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press
Publication date: 04/12/2022
Pages: 368
Product dimensions: 6.30(w) x 9.10(h) x 1.30(d)
Age Range: 18 Years

About the Author

Colin Diver (BOSTON, MA) was formerly the president of Reed College, a trustee of Amherst College, and the dean of the University of Pennsylvania Law School, where he is currently the Charles A. Heimbold Jr. Professor of Law and Economics Emeritus.

Table of Contents

Preface
Prologue
Part I. The College Ranking Industry: From Curiosity, to Scorekeeper, to Rankocracy
Chapter 1. Apples, Oranges, and Refrigerators: Should Colleges Be Ranked?
Chapter 2. Meet the Ranking Industry's 800-Pound Gorilla—and Its Cousins
Chapter 3. Making "Best-College Stew": A Recipe for Disaster?
Chapter 4. Who Cares about Rankings? Applicants Do!
Chapter 5. Resist or Embrace: Educators' Responses to Rankings
Chapter 6. Garbage In? The Misreporting of Rankings Data
Part II. The Prestige Treadmill: Reputation, Wealth, and Rankings
Chapter 7. Conferring Pedigree: The Educational Aristocracy
Chapter 8. Measuring Prestige by Popularity Poll: The Opinions of "Experts"
Chapter 9. The Wealth of Institutions: What Is a College Worth?
Chapter 10. The Spending Rat Race: Maximizing Per-Student Subsidy
Part III. The Gatekeepers: Judging Colleges by Who Gets In and Who Doesn't
Chapter 11. The Best and the Brightest: Student Selectivity and College Rankings
Chapter 12. SAT: The Elephant in the Admissions Office, and in the Rankings
Chapter 13. Chasing High SAT Scores: The Games Colleges Play
Chapter 14. Intercollegiate Admissions Competition: Winners and Losers
Chapter 15. Affirmative Inaction: Race, Ethnicity, and Rankings
Part IV. Higher Goals for Higher Education: Outcomes, Value Added, and the Public Good
Chapter 16. Inside the Black Box: Can Learning Gains Be Measured?
Chapter 17. Proxies for Learning Outcomes: Instructional Content and Quality
Chapter 18. Crossing the Finish Line: Ranking Schools by Graduation Rates
Chapter 19. Making a Living: The Winding Road from College to Career
Chapter 20. Social Immobility: College Rankings and the American Dream
Chapter 21. Making a Life: The Art of Being Human
Conclusion. Breaking the Rankocracy's Grip
Appendix. Eight Schools, a Thousand Flowers . . .
Acknowledgments
Notes
Bibliography
Index

What People are Saying About This

David Kirp

Colin Diver makes a compelling argument for comparing colleges by how well they prepare their graduates to live fulfilling lives, not by their success in the tooth-and-claw admissions game. Breaking Ranks merits a place on the bookshelf of anyone who cares about the future of higher education.

Anthony T. Kronman

The college ranking system has a near stranglehold on American higher education. Its effects are largely pernicious. Colin Diver dissects the questionable assumptions and distorting effects of this 'rankocracy' with devastating force. His meticulously researched and lucid book is essential reading for college educators and applicants alike.

Robert M. Zemsky

A truly elegant exploration of just how important the ranking industry has become to American higher education. Breaking Ranks works in large part because of the skill and experience of the author, who knows firsthand how dangerous the rankings can be and how little campus leaders can do to change them. Diver starts with what everyone knows and worries about, revealing a host of insider secrets.

Drew Gilpin Faust

Lifelong educator Colin Diver offers both a searing portrait of the pernicious ways rankings have transformed our colleges and universities and an illuminating meditation on what higher education ought to mean. Students, parents, faculty, administrators, and policy makers all have a great deal to learn from this important book.

Walter M. Kimbrough

How can you credibly rank a life experience one must exert effort in order to produce? By using popularity contest polling along with arbitrarily chosen variables heavily weighted to value privilege? You can't. Colin Diver masterfully explains why.

Michael Sauder

Taking a critical view of the growing influence of rankings in higher education, Colin Diver draws on a wealth of personal experience and academic research to provide rich insight into the history and consequences of these numbers. Breaking Ranks shows an insider's mastery of the intricacies of rankings and clearly communicates these complexities so that everyone can understand the uses and dangers of these metrics.

Brian Rosenberg

Colin Diver does more than simply argue against the utility of college rankings—though he does that with great effectiveness and a good deal of wit. He situates rankings within our larger culture and explores how they both shape and reflect the prestige-driven nature of American higher education. This is a splendid book.

From the Publisher

A truly elegant exploration of just how important the ranking industry has become to American higher education. Breaking Ranks works in large part because of the skill and experience of the author, who knows firsthand how dangerous the rankings can be and how little campus leaders can do to change them. Diver starts with what everyone knows and worries about, revealing a host of insider secrets.
—Robert M. Zemsky, University of Pennsylvania, coauthor of Communicate for a Change: Revitalizing Conversations for Higher Education

Taking a critical view of the growing influence of rankings in higher education, Colin Diver draws on a wealth of personal experience and academic research to provide rich insight into the history and consequences of these numbers. Breaking Ranks shows an insider's mastery of the intricacies of rankings and clearly communicates these complexities so that everyone can understand the uses and dangers of these metrics.
—Michael Sauder, University of Iowa, coauthor of Engines of Anxiety: Academic Rankings, Reputation, and Accountability

Colin Diver makes a compelling argument for comparing colleges by how well they prepare their graduates to live fulfilling lives, not by their success in the tooth-and-claw admissions game. Breaking Ranks merits a place on the bookshelf of anyone who cares about the future of higher education.
—David Kirp, University of California, Berkeley, author of The College Dropout Scandal

Colin Diver does more than simply argue against the utility of college rankings—though he does that with great effectiveness and a good deal of wit. He situates rankings within our larger culture and explores how they both shape and reflect the prestige-driven nature of American higher education. This is a splendid book.
—Brian Rosenberg, President Emeritus, Macalester College

The college ranking system has a near stranglehold on American higher education. Its effects are largely pernicious. Colin Diver dissects the questionable assumptions and distorting effects of this 'rankocracy' with devastating force. His meticulously researched and lucid book is essential reading for college educators and applicants alike.
—Anthony T. Kronman, Yale Law School

Lifelong educator Colin Diver offers both a searing portrait of the pernicious ways rankings have transformed our colleges and universities and an illuminating meditation on what higher education ought to mean. Students, parents, faculty, administrators, and policy makers all have a great deal to learn from this important book.
—Drew Gilpin Faust, President Emerita, Harvard University

How can you credibly rank a life experience one must exert effort in order to produce? By using popularity contest polling along with arbitrarily chosen variables heavily weighted to value privilege? You can't. Colin Diver masterfully explains why.
—Walter M. Kimbrough, President, Dillard University

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