Table of Contents
Acknowledgments ix
Archives Consulted xiii
Introduction 1
Part I The Late Colony and the Aftermath of the Wars for Independence 17
Chapter 1 "Under No Circumstances Shall a Woman Be Elected": Gender Roles in Colonial Urban Cofradías 19
Chapter 2 "Our Fears That the Cofradías Will Disappear Are Not Unfounded": Gender, Lay Associations, and Priests in the Aftermath of the Wars for Independence, 1810-1860 45
Part II The Era of the Reform 71
Chapter 3 "We Ladies Who Sign Below Wish to Establish a Congregation": Priests, Women, and New Lay Associations, 1840-1856 73
Chapter 4 "Throwing Themselves upon the Political Barricades": Catholic Women Enter National Politics in the Midcentury Petition Campaigns 97
Chapter 5 "The Intervention of the Faithful Was an Unavoidable Necessity": Lay Organizing and Women, 1856-1875 123
Chapter 6 "We'll See Who Wins: Them with Their Laws, or Us with Our Protests": The Ley Orgánica and the 1874-1875 Petition Campaign 147
Part III The Porfiriato 173
Chapter 7 "Excellent Assistants of the Priest": Women and Lay Associations, 1876-1911 175
Chapter 8 "The Men Are Somewhat Preoccupied. Fortunately, the Mexican Woman Carries the Standard of Our Beliefs": Women and Catholic Politics in the Porfiriato 206
Epilogue Catholic Women and Politics, 1910-1940 232
Appendix 253
Notes 257
Bibliography 325
Index 353