Clinical Application of Computational Mechanics to the Cardiovascular System

by T. Yamaguchi (Editor)

Overview

Vascular diseases, particularly atherosclerosis, are the most frequent and critical underlying fatal disorders in the industrialized world. Cardiovascular deaths are the leading cause of death in the Western world. Although cancer or malignant neoplasms recently have topped the list of causes of deaths in Japan, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases bring about more deaths than cancer if they are reclassified into a unified category of diseases of the vascular system. The National Cardiovascular Center was established by the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Japan to combat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Since the Center was opened, we have continued to support basic and clinical sturlies of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases within as weil as outside the Center. Clinical studies that we have supported in modern diagnostic and therapeutic measures against cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases have made remarkable advances in recent years, especially in medical imaging technology including CT and MRI, and in interventional measures including balloon angioplasty and other catheter-based treatments. We are proud of the significant improvement in the overall survival rate and the quality of life of patients suffering from vascular disorders. However, there are still many essential difficulties remaining in the diagnosis and treatment of vascular disorders. Such difficulties necessitate further fundamental studies not only from the practical aspect but also from the integrated perspectives of medicine, biology, and engineering.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9784431679219
Publisher:	Springer Japan
Publication date:	06/29/2013
Sold by:	Barnes & Noble
Format:	eBook
File size:	28 MB
Note:	This product may take a few minutes to download.

About the Author

Yamaguchi, Takami, MD, PhD (Nagoya Institute of Technology)

Table of Contents

1. General Aspects of Computational Cardiovascular Mechanics.- 1.1 Computational Mechanical Model Studies in the Cardiovascular System.- 1.2 Inelastic Constitutive Models of Blood Vessels in Physiological Conditions.- 1.3 Stress and Strain Analyses of Blood Vessels in Physiological and Pathological Conditions.- 1.4 Development of Interactive Modeling System for the Computational Biomechanics Simulation Using Medical Imaging Data.- 1.5 A Modeling System of 3-Dimensional Blood Vessel Configuration for CFD Analysis.- 2. Wall Motion and Blood Flow in the Heart.- 2.1 Computational Analysis for Mechanical Functions of Left Ventricle.- 2.2 Automated Tracking of Tagged Magnetic Resonance Image for Assessment of Regional Cardiac Wall Function.- 2.3 Error Estimation and Smoothing for Regional Deformation Analysis of the Heart with Tagged Magnetic Resonance Images.- 2.4 Deformation Analysis of Human Left Ventricular Wall Using Magnetic Resonance Tagging Technique.- 2.5 Motion and Strain Analyses of Left Ventricular Wall Using Optical Flow.- 2.6 Intraventricular Blood Flow Analysis Using Robust CFD Models.- 3. Interactions Between the Blood Flow and Wall Motion in Vascular System.- 3.1 Computational Fluid Mechanics of the Blood Flow in an Aortic Vessel with Realistic Geometry.- 3.2 Numerical Simulation and Experiment of Pulsatile Flow in Modeled Aortic Arch.- 3.3 Flow Simulation of the Aortic Arch —Effect of the 3D Distortion on Flows in the Ordinary Helix Circular Tube—.- 3.4 Computational Fluid Mechanics of the Vortical Flow in Blood Vessel.- 3.5 Computational Study on LDL Transfer from Flowing Blood to Arterial Walls.- 3.6 Numerical Simulation of Co-operative Regulation in the Cerebral Microvascular Arcadal Network.- 3.7 Computational Fluid Dynamic Simulation of the Flow Through Venous Valve.- 4. Clinical and Electrophysiological Aspacts of Computational Mechanics of the Heart.- 4.1 A High-Performance Computation Method for Simulation of Cardiac Excitation Propagation Using a Supercomputer.- 4.2 Simulated Electrocardiogram of Spiral Wave Reentry in a Mathematical Ventricular Model.- 4.3 Computational Analysis and Visualization of Spiral Wave Reentry in a Virtual Heart Model.- 4.4 Simulation of Platelet Adhesion Using a Discrete Element Method.- 4.5 Computational Fluid Dynamics as a Tool to Develop the Artificial Heart.- 4.6 Three-Dimensional Image Processing and Motion Analysis of the Heart Using Radionuclide Medical Images.- 4.7 The Modeling of the Heart and the Aortic Arch Applying Differential Geometrical Method and Simulation of Blood Flow.- 4.8 Orientation Response of Stress Fibers in Cultured Cells Under Biaxial Cyclic Stretch: Hypothesis and Theoretical Prediction.

Editorial Reviews

4 Stars! from Doody

Reviewer: John F. Moran, MD (Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine)
Description: This a report on the use and application of computational mechanics to various fields of cardiovascular medicine. The National Cardiac Center of Japan opened its super computer in 1997.
Purpose: The purpose of the book and the Cardiovascular Center is to promote studies using high performance computing in medicine. Some of the results in cardiovascular medicine are presented in this book, which certainly meets the authors' objectives.
Audience: This book is directed at researchers who may have no particular special background in computation. Graduate students in biomedical engineering will also find much interesting material here. However, most clinicians will not find the material interesting.
Features: This text is divided into four parts: 1) the general aspect of cardiovascular mechanics; 2) wall motion and blood flow; 3) the interaction of these two; and 4) the electrophysiological aspects. The book spends much time going into geometric modeling. Each chapter has a summary at the beginning and a summary and conclusion at the end. There are many color pictures to illustrate the text. Models are used to describe blood vessels from the coronary arteries to the aorta and aortic aneurysms. Numerical simulation systems with three dimensions attempt to reproduce the performance of the left ventricle during a single cardiac cycle. Areas of left ventricular stress and wall thickness changes can be seen and understood. A technique called magnetic resonance imaging tagging is reviewed. One aspect of this particular technique is the study of venous valve insufficiency in the pathogenesis of varicose vein development. The electrophysiological section presents the use of reentrant arrhythmias by studying the dynamics of spiral waves in two dimensions and three dimensions. Several chapters use the LUO-RUDY equations, which are based on ion channel activity of a mammalian myocyte. The authors show how this may be expressed with ordinary differential equations. Gated SPECT imaging with technesium sestimibi is used in a chapter to quantitate systolic wall thickening of the left ventricle and demonstrate a super-imposed display of the coronary artery anatomy in three dimensions.
Assessment: Most clinicians will not find this book particularly helpful. Biomedical engineers and nuclear medicine physicians who have a good grip on computers and mathematics may be able to use some of these techniques in their day-to-day work. The understanding of cardiovascular and left ventricular mechanics in the normal and the pathologic state can certainly be studied with these methods and techniques. They can then be demonstrated to clinicians who certainly could use the information to better understand and treat their patients.

Doody's Review Service