Computational Psychiatry: New Perspectives on Mental Illness

by A. David Redish (Editor), Joshua A. Gordon (Editor)

Overview

Psychiatrists and neuroscientists discuss the potential of computational approaches to address problems in psychiatry including diagnosis, treatment, and integration with neurobiology.

Modern psychiatry is at a crossroads, as it attempts to balance neurological analysis with psychological assessment. Computational neuroscience offers a new lens through which to view such thorny issues as diagnosis, treatment, and integration with neurobiology. In this volume, psychiatrists and theoretical and computational neuroscientists consider the potential of computational approaches to psychiatric issues.

This unique collaboration yields surprising results, innovative synergies, and novel open questions. The contributors consider mechanisms of psychiatric disorders, the use of computation and imaging to model psychiatric disorders, ways that computation can inform psychiatric nosology, and specific applications of the computational approach.

Contributors
Susanne E. Ahmari, Huda Akil, Deanna M. Barch, Matthew Botvinick, Michael Breakspear, Cameron S. Carter, Matthew V. Chafee, Sophie Denève, Daniel Durstewitz, Michael B. First, Shelly B. Flagel, Michael J. Frank, Karl J. Friston, Joshua A. Gordon, Katia M. Harlé, Crane Huang, Quentin J. M. Huys, Peter W. Kalivas, John H. Krystal, Zeb Kurth-Nelson, Angus W. MacDonald III, Tiago V. Maia, Robert C. Malenka, Sanjay J. Mathew, Christoph Mathys, P. Read Montague, Rosalyn Moran, Theoden I. Netoff, Yael Niv, John P. O'Doherty, Wolfgang M. Pauli, Martin P. Paulus, Frederike Petzschner, Daniel S. Pine, A. David Redish, Kerry Ressler, Katharina Schmack, Jordan W. Smoller, Klaas Enno Stephan, Anita Thapar, Heike Tost, Nelson Totah, Jennifer L. Zick

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780262546676
Publisher:	MIT Press
Publication date:	11/01/2022
Series:	Strüngmann Forum Reports , #20
Pages:	424
Product dimensions:	6.00(w) x 9.00(h) x (d)

About the Author

A. David Redish is a Distinguished McKnight University Professor in the Department of Neuroscience at the University of Minnesota. A poet, playwright, and scientist, his previous books include The Mind within the Brain: How We Make Decisions and How Those Decisions Go Wrong and Computational Psychiatry: New Perspectives on Mental Illness.

Joshua A. Gordon is Director of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH).

Table of Contents

The Ernst Strüngmann Forum vii

List of Contributors ix

Introduction

1 On the Cusp: Current Challenges and Promises in Psychiatry Joshua A. Gordon A. David Redish 3

2 Breakdowns and Failure Modes: An Engineer's View A. David Redish Joshua A. Gordon 15

Open Issues in Psychiatry

3 Complexity and Heterogeneity in Psychiatric Disorders: Opportunities for Computational Psychiatry Nelson Totah Huda Akil Quentin J. M. Huys John H. Krystal Angus W. MacDonald III Tiago V. Maia Robert C. Malenka Wolfgang M. Pauli

4 What Does Computational Psychiatry Need to Explain to Capture Mechanisms of Psychopathology? Facts, Almost Facts, and Hints Deanna M. Barch 61

Computation

5 Computational Approaches for Studying Mechanisms of Psychiatric Disorders Zeb Kurth-Nelson John P. O'Doherty Deanna M. Barch Sophie Denéve Daniel Durstewitz Michael J. Frank Joshua A. Gordon Sanjay J. Mathew Yael Niv Kerry Ressler Heikc Tost 77

6 Computational Cognitive Neuroscience Approaches to Deconstructing Mental Function and Dysfunction Michael J. Frank 101

7 How Could We Get Nosology from Computation? Christoph Mathys 121

Nosology

8 Current State of Psychiatric Nosology Michael B. First 139

9 The Computation of Collapse: Can Reliability Engineering Shed Eight on Mental Illness? Angus W. MacDonald III Jennifer L. Zick Theoden I. Netoff Matthew V. Chafee 153

10 A Novel Framework for Improving Psychiatric Diagnostic Nosology Shelly B. Flagel Daniel S. Pine Susanne E. Ahmari Michael B. First Karl J. Frisian Christaph Mathys A. David Radish Katharina Schmack Jordan W. Smaller Anita Thapar 169

11 Computational Nosology and Precision Psychiatry: A Proof of Concept Karl J. Friston 201

Exemplars

12 Candidate Examples for a Computational Approach to Address Practical Problems in Psychiatry Rosalyn Moron Klaas Enno Stephan Matthew Botvinick Michael Breakspear Cameron S. Carter Peter W. Kalivas P. Read Montague Martin P. Paulas Frederike Petzschner 223

13 There Are No Killer Apps but Connecting Neural Activity to Behavior through Computation Is Still a Good Idea P. Read Montague 247

14 Call for Pragmatic Computational Psychiatry: Integrating Computational Approaches and Risk-Prediction Models and Disposing of Causality Martin P. Paulus Crane Huang Katia M. Harlé

15 A Valuation Framework for Emotions Applied to Depression and Recurrence Quentin J. M. Huys 275

16 Clinical Heterogeneity Arising from Categorical and Dimensional Features of the Neurobiology of Psychiatric Diagnoses: Insights from Neuroimaging and Computational Neuroscience John H. Krystal Alan Anticevic John D. Murray David Glahn Naomi Driesen Genevieve Yang Xiao-ding Wang 293

Conclusion

17 From Psychiatry to Computation and Back Again A. David Redish Joshua A. Gordon 319

Bibliography 331

Subject Index 401