Table of Contents
Acknowledgments ix
Introduction 1
1 Confucianism as a Profession in Fourteenth-Century China 13
Confucian Households as a Fiscal Category 14
The Shih and Ju as Social Types 19
Confucianism as Professional Knowledge 24
The Training of Confucian Professionals 32
The Confucian "Service Ideal" 43
Confucian Professional Income 49
The Confucian Clientele, Professional Labor Control, and Problems of Public Service 54
The Confucian Professional Community 74
2 Confucianism in the Yuan-Ming Transition 85
Confucianism in the Late Yuan Crisis 86
Che-tung Confucianism, Reform, and Militarization in the Late Yuan 105
Ming T'ai-tsu (Chu Yuan-chang) in Che-tung 119
3 The Che-tung Confucian Elite and the Idea of "World-Salvation" 131
Liu Chi 133
Wang Wei 147
Sung Lien 156
Hu Han 173
4 Ming T'ai-tsu: The Theory and Practice of Despotism 183
The Ruler as Ruler: Mechanisms of World-Control 185
The Ruler as Teacher The Psycho-behavioral Reform of Mankind 224
5 Confucianism's Response to Ming T'ai-tsu 255
Confucian Conformity and Dissent in the Reign of Ming T'ai-tsu 256
From Sung Lien to Fang Hsiao-ju: Transition and Change in Confucian Professional Leadership 264
Doctrinal Revision and National Reform under Fang Hsiao-ju 278
Abbreviations Used in Bibliography and Notes 291
Notes 293
Glossary 327
Bibliography 335
Index 351
