Corn: Its Origin, Evolution and Improvement
Corn is among the most familiar of grains; it is also one of the most mysterious. In this handsomely illustrated new book, Paul Mangelsdorf, perhaps the world's foremost expert on the corn plant, summarizes the work of a lifetime devoted to unraveling the enigma of corn.

This unique grain—it has no close counterpart elsewhere in the plant kingdom—exists only in association with man, and it survives only as a result of his intervention. Thus, the story of corn is in many ways a story about people. Combining the skills of scientist and storyteller, Professor Mangelsdorf in his search for the origin of corn takes the reader to archaeological digs in once-inhabited caves in Mexico and the United States Southwest, to the discovery of fossil pollen in drill cores taken deep below Mexico City, and to experimental fields where the great diversity of corn is revealed and where the plant is hybridized with its relatives teosinte and Tripsacum.

Drawing upon the evidence from botany, genetics, cytology, archaeology, and history, the author seeks to evaluate various hypotheses on the origin of corn. He concludes that the ancestor of cultivated corn was a wild form of pod corn; that corn may have been domesticated more than once in both Mexico and South America from different geographical races of wild corn; and that hybridizations between corn and its various relatives have resulted in explosive evolution leading to a diversity of varieties and forms unmatched in any other crop plant.

This is a book about corn, but it is a book for biologists, agronomists, anthropologists, and historians, and for the interested layman who would like to know something about the grain which, "transformed, as three fourths of it is, into meat, milk, eggs, and other animal products, is our basic food plant, as it was of the people who preceded us in this hemisphere."

"1117227022"
Corn: Its Origin, Evolution and Improvement
Corn is among the most familiar of grains; it is also one of the most mysterious. In this handsomely illustrated new book, Paul Mangelsdorf, perhaps the world's foremost expert on the corn plant, summarizes the work of a lifetime devoted to unraveling the enigma of corn.

This unique grain—it has no close counterpart elsewhere in the plant kingdom—exists only in association with man, and it survives only as a result of his intervention. Thus, the story of corn is in many ways a story about people. Combining the skills of scientist and storyteller, Professor Mangelsdorf in his search for the origin of corn takes the reader to archaeological digs in once-inhabited caves in Mexico and the United States Southwest, to the discovery of fossil pollen in drill cores taken deep below Mexico City, and to experimental fields where the great diversity of corn is revealed and where the plant is hybridized with its relatives teosinte and Tripsacum.

Drawing upon the evidence from botany, genetics, cytology, archaeology, and history, the author seeks to evaluate various hypotheses on the origin of corn. He concludes that the ancestor of cultivated corn was a wild form of pod corn; that corn may have been domesticated more than once in both Mexico and South America from different geographical races of wild corn; and that hybridizations between corn and its various relatives have resulted in explosive evolution leading to a diversity of varieties and forms unmatched in any other crop plant.

This is a book about corn, but it is a book for biologists, agronomists, anthropologists, and historians, and for the interested layman who would like to know something about the grain which, "transformed, as three fourths of it is, into meat, milk, eggs, and other animal products, is our basic food plant, as it was of the people who preceded us in this hemisphere."

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Corn: Its Origin, Evolution and Improvement

Corn: Its Origin, Evolution and Improvement

by Paul C. Mangelsdorf
Corn: Its Origin, Evolution and Improvement

Corn: Its Origin, Evolution and Improvement

by Paul C. Mangelsdorf

Hardcover(Reprint 2014)

$65.00 
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Overview

Corn is among the most familiar of grains; it is also one of the most mysterious. In this handsomely illustrated new book, Paul Mangelsdorf, perhaps the world's foremost expert on the corn plant, summarizes the work of a lifetime devoted to unraveling the enigma of corn.

This unique grain—it has no close counterpart elsewhere in the plant kingdom—exists only in association with man, and it survives only as a result of his intervention. Thus, the story of corn is in many ways a story about people. Combining the skills of scientist and storyteller, Professor Mangelsdorf in his search for the origin of corn takes the reader to archaeological digs in once-inhabited caves in Mexico and the United States Southwest, to the discovery of fossil pollen in drill cores taken deep below Mexico City, and to experimental fields where the great diversity of corn is revealed and where the plant is hybridized with its relatives teosinte and Tripsacum.

Drawing upon the evidence from botany, genetics, cytology, archaeology, and history, the author seeks to evaluate various hypotheses on the origin of corn. He concludes that the ancestor of cultivated corn was a wild form of pod corn; that corn may have been domesticated more than once in both Mexico and South America from different geographical races of wild corn; and that hybridizations between corn and its various relatives have resulted in explosive evolution leading to a diversity of varieties and forms unmatched in any other crop plant.

This is a book about corn, but it is a book for biologists, agronomists, anthropologists, and historians, and for the interested layman who would like to know something about the grain which, "transformed, as three fourths of it is, into meat, milk, eggs, and other animal products, is our basic food plant, as it was of the people who preceded us in this hemisphere."


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780674421691
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Publication date: 02/05/1974
Edition description: Reprint 2014
Pages: 276
Product dimensions: 8.50(w) x 11.00(h) x 0.69(d)

About the Author

Mangelsdorf Paul C. :

Paul C. Mangelsdorf was Fisher Professor of Natural History, Emeritus, at Harvard Universityand Lecturer in Botany at the University of North Carolina. He was a Member of the National Academy of Sciences and of the American Philosophical Society, and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Table of Contents

Introduction

1. The Modern Corn Plant

2. Theories on the Origin of Maize

The Pod-Corn Theory

The Teosinte Theory

The Theory of a Common Ancestry

Minor Theories

The Tripartite Theory

Tripsacum a Hybrid of Maize and Manisuris

Geographical Origins

3. Teosinte, the Closest Relative of Maize

Historical Records

Botanical Relationships

Nomenclature and Taxonomy

Geographical Distribution

Morphology

Physiological Characteristics

Chemical Analyses

Resemblances in Teosinte and Maize Chromosomes

Sterility of F1 Hybrids

Races of Teosinte

Teosinte's Role in the Origin of Maize

4. The Genetic Nature of Teosinte

Early Experiments on Maize-Teosinte Hybrids

Crossing over between Maize and Teosinte Chromosomes

Linkages of Genetic Differences with Marker Genes

Additional Linkage Experiments

Genetic Differences between Teosinte Varieties

Extracting Blocks of Genes from Teosinte

Linkage Relations of Extracted Blocks of Genes

A Second Cycle of Transferring Blocks of Genes

Polygene Segments as Supergenes

Failure to Reconstitute Teosinte

Mendelian Segregation in F2 Generations

Five Races of Teosinte Analyzed

What Is Teosinte?

Criticisms of the Theory of the Hybrid Origin of Teosinte

Alternative Possibilities

5. Tripsacum, a More Distant Relative of Corn

Descriptions of the Species

Cytology of Tripsacum Species

Crossing Relationships

Zea x T. dactyloides (2n)

A Comparison of Diploid and Triploid Hybrids of Zea and Tripsacum with the Parental Genera

The Progeny of the Triploid Hybrid

Crossing Over between Maize and Tripsacum Chromosomes

The Trigenomic Hybrid of Zea, Tripsacum, and Teosinte

Failure to Hybridize Teosinte x Tripsacum

6. Corn's Old World Relatives

Crossing Relationships

Other Andropogoneae Possibly Related to Maize

7. Pod Corn, the Ancestral Form

History of Pod Corn

An Experimental Verification of an Historical Reference

Other Early References

Pod-Corn on Uniform Genetic Backgrounds

Various Expressions of the Pod-Corn Locus

Producing a Fertile, True-breeding Pod Corn

The Genetically Reconstructed Ancestral Form, the First Model

The Reconstructed Ancestral Form in a Simulated Wild Habitat

8. The Nature of the Pod-Corn Locus

The Locus Dissected and Reconstructed

Postscript to the Dissection Experiment

A Comparison of Tu-tu Genotypes in Isogenic Stocks

Characteristics of Additional Genotypes at the Tu-tu Locus

The Components of Wild Corn

Wild Corn a Pod Corn

The Genetically Reconstructed Ancestral Form: Later Models

A Tuncinate Teosinte

9. Races of Maize

Previous Classifications of Maize

Other Countries Follow Mexico's Example

The Pointed Popcorns

The Sweet Corns

10. The Concept of Lineages

Eight-Rowed Corn

Kculli

The Chapalote-Nal-Tel-Pollo Complex

Pira Naranja

Chromosome Knobs of Races of Maize

Summary

11. The Role of Hybridization in Corn's Evolution

Interracial Hybridization

Hybridization of Maize and Teosinte

Anatomical Evidence of Teosinte Introgression

Archaeological Evidence of Teosinte or Tripsacum Introgression

The Evidence of Introgression from Tripsacum

Cryptic Genes for Tripsacoid Characteristics in Latin-American Races of Maize

12. Mutations

The Mutagenic Effects of Hybridizing Maize and Teosinte

Mutations in Long-Inbred Strains of Maize

Introgression and Mutation Systems

Summary

13. Genetic Drift and Selection

Waxy Maize

Flour and Sweet Corns

Gene Frequencies in Mexico and United States

Natural and Artificial Selection

Summary

14. Archaeological Evidence of Corn's Evolution

Bat Cave, New Mexico

Radiocarbon and Other Dating

Bat Cave Revisited

La Perra Cave, Northeastern Mexico

The Caves of Infiernillo Canyon, Mexico

Swallow and Other Caves, Northwestern Mexico

Richards' Caves and Tonto Monument, Arizona

Cebollita Cave, New Mexico

Spread of an Eight-Rowed Maize from Mexico and the Southwest

Summary

15. Prehistoric Wild Corn and Fossil Pollen

Remains of Prehistoric Wild Corn

Coxcatlan and Purron Caves

El Riego Cave

San Marcos and Tecorral Caves

Cultural Zones and Dating

The Remains of Maize

The Nature of Wild Corn

Early Cultivated Corn

Hybridization Plays a Role

Corn at the Time of Christ

Wild Corn Reconstructed

Fossil Pollen

Summary

16. Corn in Prehistoric Art

17. Corn's Spread to the Old World

Pre-Columbian Maize in Asia?

New "Evidence" on Prehistoric Maize in India

Pre-Columbian Corn in Africa?

Pre-Columbian Maize in the Phillipines?

Pre-Columbian Corn in Europe?

18. The Prehistoric and Modern Improvement of Maize

Corn Breeding before Columbus

Pre-Columbian Hybridization

Corn Breeding in Early Historical Times

The Period of the Corn Shows

Ear-to-Row Breeding

The History of Hybrid Corn

19. The Nature of Heterosis

Dominance of Linked Factors

Overdominance

Epistasis

Genic Balance a Factor in Heterosis

Heterosis and Genetic Homeostasis

Inbreeding Depression in Maize

Inbreeding Depression in Popcorns

Inbreeding Depression in Teosinte

Types of Heterosis in Maize

Evidence of Overdominance

Evidence for Epistasis

Agreement between Mathematical and Biological Models

20. Modern Breeding Techniques

Convergent Improvement

Recurrent Selection

Gamete Selection

Homozygous Lines from Monoploids and Parthenogenetic Diploids

The Oenothera Method of Establishing Homozygous Lines

The Use of Exotic Germ Plasm

Inventory of Exotic Races

Using Exotic Races

Using Exotic Germ Plasm from Diverse Sources

The Use of Cytoplasmic Male Sterility

Breeding Corn for Improved Protein Quality

Bibliography

Index

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