Criminal Justice: Mainstream and Crosscurrents / Edition 3

by John Randolph Fuller

Overview

"THE BEST TEXT CURRENTLY AVAILABLE."
—Gary W. Potter, Eastern Kentucky University

Criminal Justice: Mainstream and Crosscurrents uses a distinctive crosscurrents theme to teach students about the complexities of the criminal justice system—and help them think critically about critical issues.

Completely revised and updated, the third edition offers:

THE LATEST, MOST CUTTING-EDGE INFORMATION

"An exceptional update. The examples are relevant and current; they vibrantly exemplify the issues and challenges facing our criminal justice system today."—Rachel L. Rayburn, Indiana University—Purdue University Fort Wayne

BROAD, COMPREHENSIVE COVERAGE OF THE FIELD

"John Randolph Fuller covers a broad gamut of topics and provides enough color and depth that students are both educated and engaged in the class material."—Brian Lawton, George Mason University

"Fresh and insightful. Some of the topics addressed aren't usually seen in other texts of this kind—read it and you will be surprised."—Deborah Woodward Rhyne, University of Central Florida

A UNIQUE APPROACH

"This text presents a balanced perspective that facilitates students' development of critical analysis skills."—Brian W. Donavant, University of Tennessee at Martin

"Engaging and thought provoking. This book helps students develop critical-thinking skills, and gives them a chance to explore the reasons behind how the criminal justice system was created and many of its challenges from the past to present."—Robert J. Durán, New Mexico State University

CLEAR AND COMPELLING WRITING

"Easy to read and understand, yet comprehensive and detailed."—Serguei Cheloukhine, John Jay College of Criminal Justice

"Clear and concise. Fuller does an excellent job of presenting complex issues and ideas in an accessible manner."—Christopher Salvatore, Montclair State University

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780199997961
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
Publication date:	07/19/2013
Edition description:	New Edition
Pages:	640
Product dimensions:	8.40(w) x 10.80(h) x 0.90(d)

About the Author

John Randolph Fuller is Professor of Criminology at the University of West Georgia.

Table of Contents

, **Each chapter begins with Learning Objectives; Chapters 3-16 conclude with a summary, "Focus on Ethics" sections, review questions, and key terms.**PART I: CRIME: PROBLEMS, MEASUREMENT, THEORIES, AND LAWCHAPTER 1: CRIME AND THE PROBLEM OF SOCIAL CONTROLCrime, Social Control, and Social JusticeWhat Is Crime?Levels of Government, Local-level Criminal Justice, State-level Criminal Justice, Federal-level Criminal JusticeThe Criminal Justice ProcessCrime as a Social ResponsibilityThe FamilyReligionSchoolsThe MediaThe Institution of Last ResortIndividual vs. Societal Responsibility for CrimeThe Approach of this TextCHAPTER 2: THE NATURE AND MEASUREMENT OF CRIMEThe Nature and Measurement of CrimeTypes of CrimeStreet CrimeCorporate Crime and White-collar CrimeOffenses and OffendersViolent CrimeProperty CrimePublic-order CrimeMeasurement of CrimeUniform Crime ReportsNational Incident-based Reporting SystemNational Crime Victimization SurveySelf-report StudiesPerception of CrimeCHAPTER 3: THEORIES OF CRIMEDemonologyThe Classical School of CriminologyCesare BeccariaJeremy BenthamThe Positivist School of CriminologyBiological Theories of Crime, Phrenology and Other Outdated Ideas, Biochemistry, Biosocial CriminologyPsychological Theories of Crime, Psychoanalytic Theory, Behaviorism, Observational Learning, Cognitive Psychological Theory, PsychopathySociological Theories of Crime, The Chicago School, Differential Association Theory, Strain Theory, Social Control Theory, Neutralization Theory, Labeling TheoryCritical Sociological Theories of Crime, Marxism, Gender and Justice, Critical Race TheoryIntegrated Theories of Crime, Integrated Theory of Delinquent Behavior, Interactional Theory of Delinquency, Control Balance TheoryLife-course and Developmental Theories, Moffitt's Pathway Theory, Laub and Sampson's Persistent-Offending and Desistance-from-Crime TheoryCHAPTER 4: CRIMINAL LAWThe Development of Criminal LawEarly Legal CodesThe Magna CartaCommon LawSources of LawConstitutionsStatutesCase LawAdministrative Rules and Executive OrdersTypes of LawCriminal LawCivil LawSubstantive LawProcedural LawTypes of CrimeFeloniesMisdemeanorsInchoate OffensesFeatures of CrimeActus ReusMens ReaConcurrenceStrict LiabilityCriminal Responsibility and Criminal DefenseMy Client Did Not Do ItMy Client Did It, but My Client Is Not ResponsibleMy Client Did It but Has a Good ExcuseMy Client Did It but Should Be Acquitted Because the Police or the Prosecutor CheatedMy Client Did It but Was Influence by Outside ForcesPART II: ENFORCING THE LAWCHAPTER 5: THE HISTORY AND ORGANIZATION OF LAW ENFORCEMENTA Brief History of the PolicePolice in Ancient TimesPolicing in Early England, The Gin Effect, Rise of Organized PolicingPolicing in the United States, The 19th Century, The New York City Influence, London and New York, The Chicago Influence, Vigilante PolicingIntroduction of Police Professionalism, The Wickersham Commission and August Vollmer, Other Reformers, The End of the 20th CenturyModern Police OrganizationLevels of Law EnforcementFederal Level, The Federal Bureau of Investigation, The Secret ServiceState LevelLocal Level, Sheriff's Offices, Requirements to Become a Police OfficerInnovations in PolicingInnovations from Social and Technological Changes, Homeland Security, Technological Change: Less-Than-Lethal Weapons, Technological Change: Information TechnologyInnovations from Research, Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment, RAND Study of DetectivesInnovations from New Ideas, DARE, Project CeasefireCHAPTER 6: POLICING AND THE LAWPolicing and the LawWhat We Expect of the PoliceHow the Police WorkWatchman StyleLegalistic StyleService StyleThe Quasi-Military Nature of Police OrganizationsWhat the Police DoPatrolInvestigationTraffic EnforcementPeacemaking and Order MaintenanceThe Rules the Police FollowPatrolInvestigationTraffic EnforcementPeacemaking and Order MaintenancePolice DiscretionThe Fourth Amendment, Search, Special-needs Searches, Seizures, Stop-and-frisk, Arrests, Interrogations and ConfessionsCHAPTER 7: ISSUES IN POLICINGChallenges to Traditional PolicingCommunity PolicingProblem-oriented PolicingZero-tolerance policingSex and RaceWomen as Police OfficersMinorities as PoliceUse of ForceSWAT Teams, Ruby Ridge, Idaho, Waco, Texas, Plainfield, New HampshireProactive Policing and ForceStress and BurnoutPolice and AlcoholFamily Problems and the PolicePolice and SuicideDealing with the Stress of PolicingPolice Subculture and CorruptionPART III: THE ROLE OF THE COURTSCHAPTER 8: THE HISTORY AND ORGANIZATION OF COURTSCourts in HistoryBefore Courts: The Blood FeudCourts in England, Trial by Compurgation, Trial by Ordeal, Trial by BattleDevelopment of the JuryGrand JuryThe Jury TrialThe Magna CartaCourt of the Star ChamberCourts in Colonial North AmericaThe Changing Nature of the CourtOrganization of Modern U.S. CourtsNature of Jurisdiction, Subject-Matter Jurisdiction, Geographic Jurisdiction, Hierarchical JurisdictionThe Structure of the Federal Courts, U.S. Magistrate Courts, U.S. District Courts, U.S. Court of Appeals, U.S. Supreme Court, Specialized Federal CourtsThe Structure of State Courts, Juvenile Courts, State Trial Courts, State Intermediate Courts of Appeals, State Supreme Courts, Local Courts and Community CourtsCHAPTER 9: WORKING IN THE COURTROOMThe Courtroom Work GroupThe Participants, Law Enforcement, Court Support Staff, Corrections, The PublicThe Prosecutor, The Prosecutor at Work, Prosecution at the Federal Level, Prosecution in State CourtsThe Defense Attorney, The Defense Attorney and the Courtroom Work Group, The Best Defense: Private Attorney or Public Defender?The Judge, Judicial Selection: Executive Appointments, Judicial Selection: Election of Judges, Judicial Selection: Merit SelectionDefendants, Victims, and Witnesses, Defendants, Victims, Witnesses, Victim-witnesses ProgramsPretrial Release DecisionsCHAPTER 10: THE DISPOSITION: PLEA BARGAINING, TRIAL, AND SENTENCINGPlea BargainingOther Benefits of Plea BargainingShould Plea Bargaining Be Abolished?The TrialThe Pre-trial PhaseOpening ArgumentsPresentation of Witnesses and EvidenceThe Case Goes to the JuryThe Defense Doesn't RestAppealRights and Wrongs in the Courthouse"I Know My Rights"Victims' RightsSentencing the OffenderIndeterminate SentencingDeterminate SentencingMandatory Minimum SentencesPART IV: FROM PENOLOGY TO CORRECTIONS AND BACKCHAPTER 11: THE HISTORY OF CONTROL AND PUNISHMENTBefore There Were PrisonsCorporal Punishment, Torture, Flogging, Branding, Mutilation, Humiliation, Shock DeathEconomic Punishment, The Galley, Workhouses, Exile and TransportationPrisons in AmericaControl in the ColoniesDevelopment of the Penitentiary: 1780-1860, The Pennsylvania System, The Auburn SystemAge of Reform: 1860-1900, Alexander Maconochie, Sir Walter Crofton, Zebulon BrockwayPrison Labor and Public Works: 1900-1930Age of Rehabilitation: 1930-1970Retributive Era: 1970s to the PresentCapital PunishmentCapital Punishment in Historical PerspectiveArguments Supporting Capital PunishmentArguments against Capital PunishmentIs the Death Penalty Dead?CHAPTER 12: CONTEMPORARY PRISON LIFEInmate SubculturePrison GangsSupermax PrisonsPrison Riots and Violence, Attica Prison Riot, New Mexico State Penitentiary RiotWomen in PrisonA Short History of Women's PrisonsLife in Women's PrisonsCourts and the PrisonEighth AmendmentFourteenth Amendment: Due ProcessFourteenth Amendment: Equal ProtectionWorking in the PrisonPrivate PrisonsCHAPTER 13: CORRECTIONS IN THE COMMUNITYCommunity Corrections in ContextDiversionProbationProbation Officers at Work, Investigation, Supervision, ServicePrivate Probation, Advantages, DisadvantagesIntermediate SanctionsIntensive-supervision ProbationDrug TestingHouse Arrest and Electronic MonitoringFinesBoot-camp PrisonsShock ProbationParoleWhen to ParoleRe-entry and "Making It"JailsPART V: PROBLEMS IN THE CROSSCURRENTSCHAPTER 14: JUVENILE JUSTICEChildhood and the LawYouths in the Early United StatesHouses of RefugeThe Juvenile CourtThe Modern Juvenile Justice SystemWho Enters the Juvenile Justice System? Entering the Juvenile Justice System, Pre-hearing Detention, Intake, Diversion, Determining Jurisdiction, Adjudicatory Hearing, Disposition, AftercareIssues in Juvenile JusticeChronic OffendersGangsConditions of Youth ConfinementJuvenile Waiver: Treating Children as AdultsZero ToleranceThe Future of Juvenile JusticeCHAPTER 15: VICTIMS OF CRIME AND VICTIMLESS CRIMESVictims of CrimeTypologies of Crime VictimsModern Theories of Victimization, Cultural Trappings, Victim-precipitation TheoryVictims in the Criminal Justice System, Types of Victims, Victims' Rights and AssistanceVictimless CrimesDrug Use and Abuse, A Short History of Drug Use and Drug Laws in the United States, The War on Drugs, Law Enforcement and Drugs, Drug Treatment, Decriminalization, and LegalizationSex Work, Prostitution, PornographyCHAPTER 16: PRESENT AND EMERGING TRENDS: THE FUTURE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICEWar and Peace in the Criminal Justice SystemThe Wars on Crime and DrugsThe War on Terrorism, September 11, 2001, The USA Patriot Act, How Terrorism Is Changing the Criminal Justice SystemPeacemaking Criminology and Restorative JusticeReligious and Humanist TraditionFeminist TraditionCritical TraditionsThe Peacemaking Pyramid, Nonviolence, Social Justice, Inclusion, Correct Means, Ascertainable Criteria, Categorical ImperativeRestorative Justice