DNA Vaccines / Edition 1

by Mark W. Saltzman, Hong Shen, Janet L. Brandsma

Overview

In the early 1990s, almost 200 yr after Edward Jenner demonstrated the effectiveness of the smallpox vaccine, a new paradigm for vaccination emerged. The conventional method of vaccination required delivery of whole pathogens or structural subunits, but in this new approach, DNA or genetic information was administered to elicit an immunological response. Once it was observed that plasmid DNA delivered in vivo led to production of an encoded transgene (1), two ground-breaking studies demonstrated that immunological responses could be generated against antigenic transgenes via plasmid DNA delivered by DNA vaccination (as this approach is called) (2,3). The appe- ance of this new vaccination strategy coincided with advances in molecular biology, which provided new tools to study and manipulate the basic elements of an organism’s genome and also could also be applied to the design and production of DNA vaccines. DNA Vaccines is a major updated and enhancement of the first edition. It reviews state-of-the-art methods in DNA vaccine technology, with chapters describing DNA vaccine design, delivery systems, adjuvants, current appli- tions, methods of production, and quality control. Consistent with the approach of the Methods in Molecular Medicine series, these chapters contain detailed practical procedures on the latest DNA vaccine technology. The enthusiasm for DNA vaccine technology is made clear by the number of research studies published on this topic since the mid-1990s.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781588294845
Publisher:	Springer-Verlag New York, LLC
Publication date:	08/22/2006
Series:	Methods in Molecular Medicine , #127
Edition description:	2006
Pages:	384
Product dimensions:	6.10(w) x 9.25(h) x 0.04(d)

Table of Contents

DNA Vaccine Design.- DNA Vaccine Design.- Design of Plasmid DNA Constructs for Vaccines.- Vaccination With Messenger RNA.- A Stress Protein-Facilitated Antigen Expression System for Plasmid DNA Vaccines.- In Vitro Assay of Immunostimulatory Activities of Plasmid Vectors.- DNA Vaccine Delivery Systems.- Delivery of DNA Vaccines Using Electroporation.- Needle-Free Injection of DNA Vaccines: A Brief Overview and Methodology.- Needle-Free Delivery of Veterinary DNA Vaccines.- Surface-Modified Biodegradable Microspheres for DNA Vaccine Delivery.- A Dendrimer-Like DNA-Based Vector for DNA Delivery: A Viral and Nonviral Hybrid Approach.- Identification of Compartments Involved in Mammalian Subcellular Trafficking Pathways by Indirect Immunofluorescence.- DNA Vaccine Adjuvants and Activity Enhancement.- Adjuvant Properties of CpG Oligonucleotides in Primates.- Complexes of DNA Vaccines With Cationic, Antigenic Peptides Are Potent, Polyvalent CD8+ T-Cell-Stimulating Immunogens.- Prime-Boost Strategies in DNA Vaccines.- Modifying Professional Antigen-Presenting Cells to Enhance DNA Vaccine Potency.- Replicase-Based DNA Vaccines for Allergy Treatment.- DNA Vaccine Applications.- Immunological Responses of Neonates and Infants to DNA Vaccines.- DNA Vaccines for Allergy Treatment.- Protection From Autoimmunity by DNA Vaccination Against T-Cell Receptor.- The Use of Bone Marrow-Chimeric Mice in Elucidating Immune Mechanisms.- DNA Vaccine Production, Purification, and Quality.- A Simple Method for the Production of Plasmid DNA in Bioreactors.- Practical Methods for Supercoiled pDNA Production.- Production of Plasmid DNA in Industrial Quantities According to cGMP Guidelines.- Large-Scale, Nonchromatographic Purification of Plasmid DNA.- Assuring the Quality, Safety, and Efficacy of DNAVaccines.

Editorial Reviews

Reviewer: Rebecca T. Horvat, PhD, D (ABMM)(University of Kansas Medical Center)
Description: This new edition gives an overview of the rapid developments that have occurred in vaccine development in the seven years since the first edition. It is packed with technical and scientific information that will be helpful to scientists working on vaccines.
Purpose: In the seven years since the first edition, there have been extraordinary strides in the understanding and application of DNA vaccines. The primary purpose of this new version is to review these developments. This book shows the promise and problems associated with this new technology.
Audience: It is written for researchers in the field of vaccine development and those delving into the production of these vaccines. However, it is written clearly and is easy to follow even for a novice in the field of vaccinology. The research presented is exciting and is offered with clear explanations and rationale. The authors of the chapters clearly know their fields of investigation.
Features: This comprehensive reference takes the process of DNA vaccines from the discovery phase through the production phase. It organizes the various steps in the process into five separate sections. The first section gives several different examples of how DNA vaccines are designed. The second section reviews the techniques used to deliver the vaccines. This is followed by a section that covers the adjuvants used and the theories behind how these adjuvants enhance the activity of the vaccine. The fourth section discusses the applications for DNA vaccines and the final section reviews the production, purification, and quality of DNA vaccine production. This well organized book takes the reader from the conception of the vaccine to the production of the vaccine. It includes a treasure trove of hints, information, and procedures that would be difficult to acquire elsewhere. This is clearly the cookbook that should be used for developing DNA based vaccines.
Assessment: This book contains specific methods for the development of DNA vaccines, includes tips and ideas that have worked in various systems, and describes interesting new ideas as well as the regulatory process required for vaccine development. This book should be a staple in the library of laboratories working in this field.

Doody's Review Service

From the reviews:

"...does an excellent job of describing the current methodologies in their development, what clinical benefit can be expected, and what is known of their mode of action...has thoroughly covered the current state of the art." -Antiviral Research

"The present book contains 41 chapters by experts in the field not only describing the state-of-the-art thinking on each topic, but, more importantly, providing a step-by-step recipe for constructing the cost effective plasmids and measuring host immune responses, both humoral and cellular, as well as all the stops in between including delivery, etc....an excellent roadmap as to how to proceed...This comprehensive collection of chapters is the first of its kind in the rapidly moving field to provide an excellent update of all of the recent advances and, more importantly, the actual technical approaches to developing vaccines. This is a book that should be in everyone's library who is interested in pursing studies employing DNA immunization and for graduate students interested in an up-to-date understanding of DNA vaccination." -FEBS Letters

"Its 41 chapters provide a valuable introduction, a series of working prools, and a set of heavily referenced reviews of state-of-the-art methods in the production, use, and analysis of DNA vaccines. The various chapters are especially fruitful in their presentation of detailed techniques for making buffers and complex biological reagents." -Modern Drug Discovery

"Tecular Biology series, consists of 41 well written and referenced chapters dealing with certain aspects of DNA vaccination. The subjects addressed range from large scale plasmid isolation to DNA vaccination and autoimmunity, and illuminate the explosive growth this field has undergone in recent years. A substantial amount of the text concentrates on the practical aspects of processing DNA, quality control and immunological responses....In short, this book is a valuable addition to the library of all people actively involved in the field of DNA vaccination. Researchers will find the detailed prools and innumerable reference valuable. I would recommend this book to any researcher in this field, if only to finally have a book with well organized and referenced prools instead of a pile of coffee stained phoopies." -Today's Life Science

"The scope of the text is wide and covers virtually all aspects of the subject from the initial plasmid preparation and industrial scale up to the regulatory issues that will probably need to be addressed if such vaccines reach licensing stage." - The Journal of Medical Microbiology

"Work on the development of DNA vaccines continues aspace for a huge range of potential applications and this book will be invaluable for any laboratory involved in research in this field." -Microbiology Today

"It is packed with technical and scientific information that will be helpful to scientists working on vaccines. … It is written for researchers in the field of vaccine development and those delving into the production of these vaccines. … it is written clearly and is easy to follow … . The research presented is exciting and is offered with clear explanations and rationale. … This well organized book takes the reader from the conception of the vaccine to the production … ." (Rebecca Horvat, Doody’s Book Review Service, January, 2007)

From the Publisher