Enemy in the Mirror: Islamic Fundamentalism and the Limits of Modern Rationalism: A Work of Comparative Political Theory

by Roxanne L. Euben

Overview

A firm grasp of Islamic fundamentalism has often eluded Western political observers, many of whom view it in relation to social and economic upheaval or explain it away as an irrational reaction to modernity. Here Roxanne Euben makes new sense of this belief system by revealing it as a critique of and rebuttal to rationalist discourse and post-Enlightenment political theories. Euben draws on political, postmodernist, and critical theory, as well as Middle Eastern studies, Islamic thought, comparative politics, and anthropology, to situate Islamic fundamentalist thought within a transcultural theoretical context. In so doing, she illuminates an unexplored dimension of the Islamist movement and holds a mirror up to anxieties within contemporary Western political thought about the nature and limits of modern rationalism—anxieties common to Christian fundamentalists, postmodernists, conservatives, and communitarians.


A comparison between Islamic fundamentalism and various Western critiques of rationalism yields formerly uncharted connections between Western and Islamic political thought, allowing the author to reclaim an understanding of political theory as inherently comparative. Her arguments bear on broad questions about the methods Westerners employ to understand movements and ideas that presuppose nonrational, transcendent truths. Euben finds that first, political theory can play a crucial role in understanding concrete political phenomena often considered beyond its jurisdiction; second, the study of such phenomena tests the scope of Western rationalist categories; and finally, that Western political theory can be enriched by exploring non-Western perspectives on fundamental debates about coexistence.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780691058443
Publisher:	Princeton University Press
Publication date:	11/21/1999
Edition description:	New Edition
Pages:	256
Product dimensions:	6.00(w) x 9.25(h) x (d)

About the Author

Roxanne L. Euben is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Wellesley College, where she teaches political theory, comparative political theory, and feminist political thought.

Table of Contents

Preface xi

A Note on Spelling xv

CHAPTER ONE

Re-Marking Territories 3

Comparative Political Theory and Foundationalist Political Practice 8

The Politics of Naming: Defining Fundamentalism 16

CHAPTER TWO

Projections and Refractions: Islamic Fundamentalism and Modern Rationalist Discourse 20

The Irrational Rational Actor: Theories of Islamic Fundamentalism 25

Meaning and Power: A Dialogic Model of Intepretation 36

Toward an Understanding of Islamic Fundamentalism 42

CHAPTER THREE

A View from Another Side: The Political Theory of Sayyid Qutb 49

Sayyid Qutb: Radical and Martyr 53

Modernity as Pathology: Analysis and Exhortation in Signposts along the Road 55

Rationalism and Reenchantment 84

Conclusion: Beyond Orientalism 88

CHAPTER FOUR

A View across Time: Islam as the Religion of Reason 93

Afghani and Islamic Philosophy 96

'Abduh and The Theology of Unity 105

Through the Back Door: Rationalism and Islamic Modernism 114

Coda: Khomeini and Shìite Fundamentalism 117

CHAPTER FIVE

Inside the Looking Glass: Views within the West 123

The Crisis of Authority 127

The Decay of Morality 133

The Decline of Community 142

Modern Anxieties and Metaphysical Urges 150

CHAPTER SIX

Conclusion: Cultural Syncretism and Multiple Modernities 154

Notes 169

Bibliography 217

Index 233

What People are Saying About This

Edmund Burke

Enemy in the Mirror is a necessary corrective to a good deal of ill-considered polemic, one that has important implications for understanding all types of fundamentalism. Roxanne Euben makes convincing arguments, encouraging the reader to reconsider the origins of modern rationalism and anti-rationalism. Her insistence that political theory open its doors to consideration of questions drawn from other cultures is also saluta0ry and long overdue.

From the Publisher

"Enemy in the Mirror is a necessary corrective to a good deal of ill-considered polemic, one that has important implications for understanding all types of fundamentalism. Roxanne Euben makes convincing arguments, encouraging the reader to reconsider the origins of modern rationalism and anti-rationalism. Her insistence that political theory open its doors to consideration of questions drawn from other cultures is also saluta0ry and long overdue."—Edmund Burke, III, University of California, Santa Cruz

"Roxanne Euben's argument that one should analyze Islamic fundamentalist thought not only for its function but also for its meaning—the intrinsic value of its ideas—is valid and absolutely timely. Enemy in the Mirror is a well-researched and impressive contribution to the analysis of Islamic political thought and to comparative political philosophy."—Seyla Benhabib, Harvard University

Seyla Benhabib

Roxanne Euben's argument that one should analyze Islamic fundamentalist thought not only for its function but also for its meaning--the intrinsic value of its ideas--is valid and absolutely timely. Enemy in the Mirror is a well-researched and impressive contribution to the analysis of Islamic political thought and to comparative political philosophy.

Editorial Reviews

"[A] piercing book, lending the reader insights into the complex intermingling of religious and political ideas that are separate in the Western mind, but which form a spiritual union under Islam."—-John A. C. Greppin, The Boston Book Review

"Enemy in the Mirror offers an astute interdisciplinary study that calls on Western scholarship to take a short (irrational?) break from its instrumental rationality. This might help it to see that the scary face of Enemy/Other is depicted in a mirror that the modern rationality, for centuries, has held in front of its own face."—-Alireza Shomali, International Journal of Middle East Studies

From the Publisher

Enemy in the Mirror offers an astute interdisciplinary study that calls on Western scholarship to take a short (irrational?) break from its instrumental rationality. This might help it to see that the scary face of Enemy/Other is depicted in a mirror that the modern rationality, for centuries, has held in front of its own face.

International Journal of Middle East Studies - Alireza Shomali

[A] piercing book, lending the reader insights into the complex intermingling of religious and political ideas that are separate in the Western mind, but which form a spiritual union under Islam.

The Boston Book Review - John A. C. Greppin

[A] piercing book, lending the reader insights into the complex intermingling of religious and political ideas that are separate in the Western mind, but which form a spiritual union under Islam.

The Boston Book Review - John A.C. Greppin

Enemy in the Mirror offers an astute interdisciplinary study that calls on Western scholarship to take a short (irrational?) break from its instrumental rationality. This might help it to see that the scary face of Enemy/Other is depicted in a mirror that the modern rationality, for centuries, has held in front of its own face.
— Alireza Shomali

International Journal of Middle East Studies

[A] piercing book, lending the reader insights into the complex intermingling of religious and political ideas that are separate in the Western mind, but which form a spiritual union under Islam.
— John A. C. Greppin

The Boston Book Review

[A] thoughtful presentation of the ideas of the Islamic political and religious theorists who brought accelerating force to Arab nationalism and the development of the over-arching religious state.
—The Boston Book Review

John A. C. Greppin