Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Crime and the Criminal Justice SystemIntroduction: What Is Crime?, Measuring CrimeThe Philosophies of the Criminal Justice System, Retribution, Deterrence, RehabilitationA System of Checks and BalancesThe Four C's of the Criminal Justice System (Citizens, Cops, Courts, and Corrections)Recent Trends in Criminal JusticeSuggested ReadingsChapter 2: Theories/Explanations of CrimeIntroductionTheoretical Schools of Thought, The Classical School, The Positivist School, NeoclassicismBiological Explanations, Physical Appearance Theories, Genetics and Inheritance Explanations, Biosocial ApproachesPsychological Explanations, Psychoanalytic Approaches, Developmental Explanations, Learning Theories, Personality TraitsSociological Explanations, The Ecological Perspective, Sociological Learning Theories, Subcultural Approaches, Routine Activities and Rational Choice, Social Control Theories, Strain Theories, The Labeling Perspective, Conflict TheoriesTheory IntegrationSuggested ReadingsChapter 3: Policing and Law EnforcementIntroduction, Law Enforcement, Order Maintenance, ServiceStructure, Local, Sheriff, State, Federal, Special Police, TribalOrganization, Sworn vs. Civilian, Geography, TimePolice Work and Career Paths, The Hiring Process, Field Training, Promotion, SpecialtiesHistorical BackgroundThe American Experience, Political Era, Professional Era, Community Policing EraEnduring Elements and Issues, Police Subculture, Police Corruption, Harassment, Improper Use of Force, The Blue Wall, Who Will Guard the Guardians?Future IssuesSuggested ReadingsChapter 4: Courts and Legal IssuesIntroduction, Common Law, Sources of Law, Criminal vs. Civil Law, Adversarial System, Due Process vs. Crime Control, The Court System, Dual Court System, Jurisdiction, Assembly-Line Justice, Courtroom Workgroup, Attrition and Plea BargainingFederal Court SystemState Court SystemsCourt Actors, Prosecutors, Defense Attorneys, JudgesMovement of Cases Through the Court SystemCurrent IssuesSuggested ReadingsChapter 5: CorrectionsIntroductionContemporary CorrectionsPunishment in Contemporary AmericaSentencing and Sanctions, Sentencing ModelsAvailable Sanctions, Community Supervision and Intermediate Sanctions, Jails, Prisons and Correctional Institutions, Prison Life, Release, and ReintegrationFuture Issues Facing CorrectionsSuggested ReadingsChapter 6: The Juvenile Justice SystemIntroductionDefining DelinquencyThe Development of the Juvenile Justice SystemThe Philosophy of the SystemThe Police and JuvenilesThe Juvenile Court, Detention, The Intake Decision, The Transfer (or Waiver) Decision, Adjudication, DispositionDue Process for JuvenilesJuvenile Corrections, Diversion, Institutional and Residential Interventions, Community InterventionsSpecial Topics, Gangs, Drugs and Delinquency, Capital Punishment and Juveniles, Calls to Eliminate the Juvenile SystemSuggested Readings
