Fluid Physics in Geology: An Introduction to Fluid Motions on Earth's Surface and within Its Crust / Edition 1

by David Jon Furbish

Overview

Fluid Physics in Geology is aimed at geology students who are interested in understanding fluid behavior and motion in the context of a wide variety of geological problems, and who wish to pursue related work in fluid physics. The book provides an introductory treatment of the physical and dynamical behaviors of fluids by focusing first on how fluids behave in a general way, then looking more specifically at how they are involved in certain geological processes. The text is written so students may concentrate on the sections that are most relevant to their own needs. Helpful problems following each chapter illustrate applications of the material to realistic problems involving groundwater flows, magma dynamics, open-channel flows, and thermal convection. Fluid Physics in Geology is ideal for graduate courses in all areas of geology, including hydrology, geomorphology, sedimentology, and petrology.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780195077018
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
Publication date:	10/10/1996
Edition description:	New Edition
Pages:	496
Product dimensions:	6.00(w) x 9.00(h) x 1.25(d)

About the Author

Florida State University

Table of Contents

PrefaceChapter 1: Introduction1.1. Topics and Strategies in the Study of Fluid Physics1.2. Units and Mathematical Conventions1.3. Scope of Mathematics Used in This Text1.4. Example Problems1.5. ReadingChapter 2: Fluids and Porous Media as Continua2.1. Mean Free Path2.2. Mathematical and Physical Points2.3. Representative Elementary Volume2.4. Example Problems2.5. ReadingChapter 3: Mechanical Properties of Fluids and Porous Media3.1. Body and Surface Forces3.2. Ideal Versus Real Fluids3.3. Density3.4. Fluid Rheology and Shear Viscosity3.5. Compressibility3.6. Surface Tension3.7. Example Problems3.8. ReadingChapter 4: Thermodynamical Properties of Fluids4.1. Specific Heat4.2. Heat Conduction4.3. Fluid Phases4.4. Equations of State4.5. Thermodynamic State and the First Law of Thermodynamics4.6. Isobaric and Isothermal Processes4.7. Adiabatic Processes4.8. Compressibility and Thermal Expansion4.9. Bulk Viscosity4.10. Example Problems4.11. ReadingChapter 5: Dimensional Analysis and Similtude5.1. Dimensional Homogeneity5.2. Dimensional Quantities5.3. Buckingham Pi Theorem5.4. Geometrical Similtude5.5. Dynamical Similtude5.6. Characteristic Dimensionless Quantities5.7. Example Problems5.8. ReadingChapter 6: Fluid Statics and Buoyancy6.1. Static Pressure6.2. Equation of Fluid Statics6.3. Hydrostatic Equation6.4. Hypsometric Equations6.5. Buoyancy6.6. Stability of a Thermally Stratified Fluid6.7. Example Problems6.8. ReadingChapter 7: Fluid Kinematics7.1. Qualitative Descriptions of Motion7.2. Substantive Derivative7.3. Example Problems7.4. ReadingChapter 8: Conservation of Mass8.1. Continuity in Cartesian Coordinates8.2. Continuity of Solutes8.3. Continuity in Large Control Volumes8.4. Example Problems8.5. ReadingChapter 9: Conservation of Energy9.1. Energy Equation9.2. Hubbert's Potential9.3. Example Problems9.4. ReadingChapter 10: Inviscid Flows10.1. Euler's Equations10.2. Bernoulli's Equation10.3. Example Problems10.4. ReadingChapter 11: Vorticity and Fluid Strain11.1. Flow with Rotation11.2. Vorticity11.3. Fluid Strain11.4. Example Problems11.5. ReadingChapter 12: Viscous Flows12.1. Viscous Forces12.2. Newtonian Fluids12.3. Incompresible Newtonian Flows12.4. Non-Newtonian Fluids: The Example of Glacier Ice12.5. Example Problems12.6. ReadingChapter 13: Porous Media Flows13.1Hydraulic Conductivity and Darcy's Law. 13.2. Equations of Motion13.3. Advection-Dispertion Equation13.4. Energy Equation13.5. Example Problems13.6. ReadingChapter 14: Turbulent Flows14.1. Onset of Turbulence14.2. Time-Averaged Velocities and Pressure14.3. Reynolds Streses14.4. Time-Averaged Continuity and Navier-Stokes Equations14.5. Fluctuating Velocity Components14.6. Production and Dissipation of Turbulence Energy14.7. Example Problems14.8. ReadingChapter 15: Turbulent Boundary-Level Shear Flows15.1. Turbulent Boundary-Level Development15.2. Prandtl's Mixing-Length Hypothesis15.3. Mixing-Length and Eddy-Viscosity Distributions15.4. Logarithmic Velocity Law15.5. Turbulent Flow over Rough Boundaries15.6. Production and Dissipation of Turbulence Energy15.7. Turbulent Flow and Darcy's Law15.8. Example Problems15.9. ReadingChapter 16: Thermally Driven Flows16.1. Boussinesq Approximation16.2. Dimensionless Quantities16.3. Laboratory Experiments with Rayleigh-Benard and Hele-Shaw Flows16.4. Convection in Pourous Media16.5. Example Problems16.6. ReadingChapter 17: Appendixes17.1. Formulae in Vector Analysis17.2. Orthogonal Curvilinear Coordinates17.3. NotationReferencesSubject Index

Editorial Reviews

"Overall, an excellent work that will stimulate creative and interdisciplinary thinking" — Choice

"...it fills and important niche in giving a comprehensive coverage of geologically relevant fluid physics. I would recommend it as a well-structured, adequately rigorous text for an extremely useful course in geological fluid mechanics."—David Bercovici, GSA Today

"...a well-written and truly readable text for the majority of hydrogeologists with a minimum math background.... It is unique in its comprehensive and systematic treatment of fluid flow concepts at an alluring introductory level. The book clearly holds promise of becoming a popular and lasting text for years to come."—Jean Bahr, Ground Water

"A quantitative, rigorous introduction to the role of fluids in the geological sciences. Long overdue!"—Michael E. Campana, University of New Mexico

From the Publisher