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Forensic DNA Trace Evidence Interpretation: Activity Level Propositions and Likelihood Ratios
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Forensic DNA Trace Evidence Interpretation: Activity Level Propositions and Likelihood Ratios
582Hardcover
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Overview
The book explains the laws of probability - showing how they can be used to derive, from first principles, the likelihood ratio - used throughout the book to express the strength of evidence for any evaluation. Concepts such as the hierarchy of propositions, the difference between experts working in an investigative or evaluative mode and the practice of case assessment and interpretation are explained to provide the reader with a broad grounding in the topics that are important to understanding evaluation of evidence. Activity level evaluations are discussed in relation to biological material transferred from one object to another, the ability for biological material to persist on an item for a period of time or through an event, the ability to recover the biological material from the object when sampled for forensic testing and the expectations of the prevalence of biological material on objects in our environment. These concepts of transfer, persistence, prevalence and recovery are discussed in detail in addition to the factors that affect each of them.
The authors go on to explain the evaluation process: how to structure case information and formulate propositions. This includes how a likelihood ratio formula can be derived to evaluate the forensic findings, introducing Bayesian networks and explaining what they represent and how they can be used in evaluations and showing how evaluation can be tested for robustness. Using these tools, the authors also demonstrate the ways that the methods used in activity level evaluations are applied to questions about body fluids. There are also chapters dedicated to reporting of results and implementation of activity level evaluation in a working forensic laboratory. Throughout the book, four cases are used as examples to demonstrate how to relate the theory to practice and detail how laboratories can integrate and implement activity level evaluation into their active casework.
Product Details
ISBN-13: | 9781032225821 |
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Publisher: | Taylor & Francis |
Publication date: | 05/30/2023 |
Pages: | 582 |
Sales rank: | 681,831 |
Product dimensions: | 7.00(w) x 10.00(h) x (d) |
About the Author
Bas Kokshoorn is a principal scientist at the Netherlands Forensic Institute (NFI) in The Hague (The International City of Peace and Justice). Bas started his career at the NFI in 2008 and since then has submitted over 1,000 reports on forensic biology examinations and interpretations to the Dutch criminal justice system, as well as to international tribunals, and other jurisdictions in continental Europe, the UK, and Australia. Bas holds a PhD in evolutionary biology from Leiden University and is currently appointed professor in ‘Forensic Trace Dynamics’ at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (AUAS). In this role he supervises bachelor, masters and PhD students working on research projects aimed at understanding the dynamics of transfer, persistence, prevalence, and recovery of biological and other types of trace evidence and the interpretation of such findings in criminal cases.