From Kabul to Baghdad and Back: The U.S. at War in Afghanistan and Iraq

by John R Ballard, David W Lamm USA (Ret.)

Overview

From Kabul to Baghdad and Back provides insight into the key strategic decisions of the Afghan and Iraq campaigns as the United States attempted to wage both simultaneously against al-Qaeda and its supporting affiliates. It also evaluates the strategic execution of those military campaigns to identify how well the two operations were conducted in light of their political objectives. The book identifies the elements that made the 2001 military operation to oust the Taliban successful, then with combat operations in Iraq as a standard of comparison, the authors analyze the remainder of the Afghan campaign and the essential problems that plagued that effort, from the decision to go to war with Iraq in 2002, through the ill-fated transition to NATO lead in Afghanistan in 2006, the dismissal of Generals McKiernan and McChrystal, the eventual decision by President Obama to make the Afghan campaign the main effort in the war on extremism, and the final development of drawdown plans following the end of the war in Iraq. No other book successfully compares and contrasts the campaigns in Iraq and Afghanistan from a national strategic perspective, analyzing the impact of fighting the Iraq War on the success of the United States campaign in Afghanistan. It is also the first book to specifically question several key operational decisions in Afghanistan including: the decision to give NATO the lead in Afghanistan, the decisions to fire Generals McKiernan and McChrystal and the decision to conduct an Iraq War-style surge in Afghanistan. It also compares the Afghan campaigns fought by the Soviet Union and the United States, the counterinsurgency campaigns styles in Iraq and Afghanistan and the leadership of senior American officials in both Iraq and Afghanistan. In the final chapter, the key lessons of the two campaigns are outlined, including the importance of effective strategic decision-making, the utility of population focused counterinsurgency practices, the challenges of building partner capacity during combat, and the mindset required to prosecute modern war.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781612511689
Publisher:	Naval Institute Press
Publication date:	10/15/2012
Sold by:	Barnes & Noble
Format:	eBook
Pages:	384
File size:	5 MB

About the Author

John R. Ballard, Ph.D. is Dean of Faculty and Academic Programs at the National War College. David W. Lamm is the Deputy Director of the Near East South Asia Center for Strategic Studies at the National Defense University in Washington, DC. John K. Wood is an Associate Professor at the Near East South Asia Center for Strategic Studies at the National Defense University in Washington, DC.

Table of Contents

List of Maps and Figures ix

Preface xi

Acknowledgments xv

Acronyms and Abbreviations xvii

Prologue xxv

1 Fighting Two Enemies: A Historical Perspective 1

2 The Attacks of 9/11 and the Decision to Go to War in Afghanistan: A Historical Perspective 20

3 The Opening Gambit: Enduring Freedom and Unconventional Success 43

4 Iraq and the Iraqi Freedom Campaign: Shift of National Strategic Focus 77

5 Fighting two Wars: The Afghan Campaign as a Secondary Theater 111

6 The Casey Strategy in Iraq, from Fallujah to Tal Afar 139

7 Parallel Campaigns 164

8 The 2007 Baghdad Surge and the End of Combat Operations in Iraq 195

9 Developings the Afghan Surge Strategy 214

10 Conflict Termination in Afghanistan 238

11 A Final Assessment: Fighting Two Wars 272

Notes 303

Selected Bibliography 351

Index 357

Editorial Reviews

This authoritative volume offers new insight into the complex nature of conducting two simultaneous military campaigns in Afghanistan and Iraq. Meticulously researched and masterfully written, the authors—all experts in U.S. defense strategy—caution against waging wars on dual fronts…. This is a must-read for those interested in Middle East politics, strategic studies, and military history." — Proceedings, June 2013 “Overall, this is a highly recommended book. The authors’ assessments of the conflicts, the method by which they present their findings and the depth of evaluation that they undertake make this a singular work for an understanding of the conflicts thus far.” — Leatherneck “The three highly qualified and objective authors have produced a very thorough analysis of the whole decision making process. Importantly, they lucidly describe lessons learnt particularly in the context of fighting two major campaigns separately but simultaneously. Clearly, this book will be the first of many. It will be a hard act to follow.” —Ausmarine “One of those books that is both timely and thought provoking…[a] real gem…fills a significant historical gap by examining these two campaigns in parallel rather than isolation. a very valuable book for anyone trying to understand the “grand strategy,” or lack thereof, of the U.S. during the crucial years of the early 21st century when it was waging two simultaneous campaigns and any serious student of the GWOT, or anyone studying strategy, should read it.” — Journal of Military History "From Kabul to Baghdad and Back, from the heart of the defense establishment, provides a substantial and thoughtful contribution to our understanding of what happened in Afghanistan and Iraq. It also provides a harsh, comprehensive critique of U.S. defense policy from just before September 11, 2001 to President Barack Obama’s announcement of U.S. withdrawal from the conflict in Afghanistan on May 1, 2012. . . . There is considerable discussion about what it meant to ‘go to war on two fronts,’ and ultimately the authors blame this for the failure in both countries. . . . From Kabul to Baghdad and Backenables us to learn how we got here.” —New York Journal of Books “A valuable and insightful analysis of America’s two wars that pulls no punches, From Kabul to Baghdad and Back offers candid judgments on the U.S.’ inability to fight two wars at once, the weaknesses of NATO partners and a bifurcated command structure in Afghanistan, and ultimately the failure to achieve momentum from that surge—unlike the successful surge and counterinsurgency applied in Iraq. Ballard, Lamm, and Wood make an important contribution to understanding the longest period of warfare in U.S. history.”—Linda Robinson, author of Tell Me How This Ends and Masters of Chaos “From Kabul to Baghdad and Back weaves a comprehensive yet accessible narrative of the U.S.-led military campaigns in Afghanistan and Iraq. The account is enriched by the authors’ backgrounds in U.S. defense strategy, providing requisite historical background of the U.S. experience in fighting multi-front wars, waging counterinsurgency campaigns, and formulating policy in the two theaters. The book's greatest contribution is its analysis of increased difficulties in Afghanistan after 2005.”—Zalmay Khalilzad, former U.S. ambassador to Afghanistan and Iraq and U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations “From Kabul to Baghdad and Back is an invaluable addition to the literature on fighting two simultaneous major wars. John Ballard, Dave Lamm, and John Wood—three superb scholar-practitioners—are the first to weave the complex operations in Iraq and Afghanistan into a single conceptual tapestry. There is much new research on both wars. The authors’ comprehensive assessment on lessons learned is on the mark. This book will be a standard in war and peace studies for the next decade.”—Joseph J. Collins, professor, National War College, and author of Understanding War in Afghanistan “This book should be required reading for all civilian and military national security professionals. The authors provide a highly readable and concise examination of the development and execution of the Afghanistan and Iraq campaigns. The insights on two-front conflicts are compelling and should be internalized by all future strategists.”— Patrick C. Sweeney, professor of joint operations, U.S. Naval War College

From the Publisher

The U.S. wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, waged simultaneously in the aftermath of 9/11, have each been the subject of many serious studies. This book stands out as the first major study to offer a comparative assessment of both wars. Ballard (dean of faculty, National War Coll.), with David W. Lamm and John K. Wood (both Near East South Asia Ctr. for Strategic Studies, National Defense Univ.) compare and contrast the key strategic decisions of the wars, assessing the successes and failures of strategic operations and analyzing the impact of the Iraq War on the war in Afghanistan. They criticize the decision to give NATO the lead in Afghanistan and to duplicate an Iraq War-style surge there. Their book also offers a useful comparison of the Soviet and U.S. wars in Afghanistan. They conclude by analyzing the key lessons learned in the Afghan and Iraqi campaigns, including the utility of some of the counterinsurgency practices and the importance of national strategic decision making. VERDICT Students of military history, war strategies, and U.S. defense policy will benefit from the insight provided in this engaging book.—NE

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