Fundamentals of Optical Waveguides / Edition 2

by Katsunari Okamoto

Overview

Provides the theoretical basis for optical fibers and planar lightwave circuits, while also dealing with the principles and applications of arrayed waveguide grating multiplexers (AWGs) and planar lightwave circuits (PLCs). Okamoto, who is a researcher for NTT Photonics Laboratories in Japan, introduces waveguide theory through descriptions of nonlinear optical effects in optical fibers as well as through explanations of the theory of light coupling phenomena in directional couplers and Bragg gratings. The book is intended for researchers and graduate students working in optoelectronics who want to acquire and use the analysis techniques for designing and simulating novel optical fibers and devices.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780125250962
Publisher:	Elsevier Science
Publication date:	12/13/2005
Edition description:	New Edition
Pages:	584
Product dimensions:	6.00(w) x 9.00(h) x (d)

About the Author

Katsunari Okamoto was the recipient of the IEEE/LEOS Distinguished Lecturer Award in July 1977. Born in Hiroshima, Japan, on October 19, 1949, he received the B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in electronics engineering from Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan, in 1972, 1974, and 1977, respectively.He joined Ibaraki Electrical Communication Laboratory, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation, Ibaraki, Japan, in 1977, and was engaged in the research on transmission characteristics of multimode, dispersion-flattened single-mode, single-polarization (PANDA) fibers, and fiber-optic components. As for the dispersion-flattened fibers (DSF), he first proposed the idea and confirmed experimentally.From September 1982 to September 1983, he joined Optical fiber Group, Southampton University, Southampton, England, where he was engaged in the research on birefringent (Bow-tie) optical fibers.Since October 1988, he has been working on the analysis and synthesis of the guided wave devices, the computer-aided-design (CAD) and fabrication of the silica-based planer lightwave circuits at Ibaraki R&D Center, NTT Opto-electronics Laboratories. He has developed 126ch-25GHz spacing AWGs, flat spectral response AWGs and integrated-optic add/drop multiplexers.He is presently a research fellow at the Okamoto Research Laboratory in NTT Photonics Laboratories. He has served as a LEOS Distinguished Lecturer (‘97-’98). He has also served as one of the Topical Editors for IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics (’96 and ’99). He has been a program committee member of LEOS Annual Meeting (’97 and ’99) and Topical Meeting (’97 and ’99). He is currently an International Liaison of OFC for Asia/Pacific Rim region (‘98~). He published more than 100 papers and authored or co-authored 8 books.Dr. Okamoto is a member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Optical Society of America, the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication engineers of Japan and the

Table of Contents

Planar Optical Waveguides

Optical Fibers

Coupled Mode Theory

Nonlinear Optical Effects in Optical Fibers

Finite Element Method

Beam Propagation Method

Staircase Concatenation Method

Planar Lightwave Circuits

Several Important Theorems and Formulas

Index

What People are Saying About This

From the Publisher

Continues to describe basic theory and fundamental operational principles of PLCs (planar lightwave circuits) AWGs, and silicon photonics

Preface

This book is intended to describe the theoretical basis of optical waveguides, with particular emphasis on transmission theory. In order to investigate and develop optical fiber communication systems and planar lightwave circuits, a thorough understanding of the principles of lightwave propagation and their application to the design of practical optical devices is required. To achieve these purposes, the book presents important information and analysis methods in detail.

The book consists of ten chapters. Chapter 1 describes the fundamental wave theory of optical waveguides, necessary to understand the lightwave propagation phenomena in the waveguides. Chapters 2 and 3 deal with the transmission characteristics in planar optical waveguides and optical fibers, respectively. The analytical treatments in these two chapters are quite important to an understanding of the basic subjects of waveguides: (1) mode concepts and electromagnetic field distributions, (2) dispersion equation and propagation constants, and (3) chromatic dispersion and transmission bandwidths. Directional couplers and Bragg gratings are indispensable in the construction of practical lightwave circuits. In Chapter 4, coupled mode theory to deal with these devices is explained in detail, and concrete derivation techniques of the coupling coefficients for several practical devices are presented. Chapter 5 treats nonlinear optical effects in optical fibers, such as optical solitons, stimulated Roman scattering, stimulated Brillouin scattering, and second-harmonic generation. Though the nonlinearity of silicabased fiber is quite small, several nonlinear optical effects manifest themselves conspicuously, owing to the high power density and long interaction length in fibers. Generally, nonlinear optical effects are thought to be harmful to communication systems. But if we fully understand nonlinear optical effects and make good use of them, we can construct much more versatile communication systems and information processing devices. In Chapters 6 to 8, various numerical analysis methods are presented: the finite element method (FEM) for waveguide and stress analyses, beam propagation methods (BPMs) based on the fast Fourier transform (FFT) and finite difference methods (FDMs), and the staircase concatenation method. In the analysis and design of practical lightwave circuits, we often encounter problems to which analytical methods cannot be applied due to the complex waveguide structure and insufficient accuracy in the results. We should rely on numerical techniques in such cases. The finite element method is suitable for the mode analysis and stress analysis of optical waveguides having arbitrary and complicated cross-sectional geometries. The beam propagation method is the most powerful technique for investigating linear and nonlinear lightwave propagation phenomena in axially varying waveguides, such as curvilinear directional couplers, branching and combining waveguides, and tapered waveguides. BPM is also quite important for the analysis of ultrashort light-pulse propagation in optical fibers. Since FEM and BPM are general-purpose numerical methods they will become indispensable tools for the research and development of optical fiber communication systems and planar lightwave circuits. Chapters 6 to 8 present many examples of numerical analyses for practically important waveguide devices. The staircase concatenation method is a classical technique for the analysis of axially varying waveguides. Although FEM and BPM are suitable for the majority of cases and the staircase concatenation method is not widely used in lightwave problems, the author believes it is important to understand the basic concepts of these numerical methods. In Chapter 9, various important planar lightwave circuit (PLC) devices are described in detail. Arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) multiplexers are quite important wavelength filters for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems. Therefore the basic operational principles, the design procedures for AWGs, as well as their performances and applications are extensively explained. Finally, Chapter 10 serves to describe several important theorems and formulas that are the bases for the derivation of various equations throughout the book.

Many individuals have contributed, either directly or indirectly, to the completion of this book. Thanks are expressed particularly to the late Professor Takanori Okoshi of the University of Tokyo for his continuous encouragement and support. I also owe a great deal to the technical support of my colleagues at NTT Photonics Laboratories. I am thankful to Professor Un-Chul Paek of Kwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Korea, and Dr. Ivan P. Kaminow of Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, who gave me the opportunity to publish this book. I would like to express my gratitude to Prof. W. A. Gambling of City University of Hong Kong, who reviewed most of the theoretical sections and made extensive suggestions. I am also thankful to Professor Ryouichi Itoh of the University of Tokyo, who suggested writing the original Japanese edition of this book.

Editorial Reviews

"...the second edition of Fundamentals of Optical Waveguides emphasizes optical theory, including coupled-mode theory, nonlinear optical effects, and finite element, beam propagation and staircase concatenation methods...A new chapter on arrayed-waveguide grating discusses the principles of operation, fundamental characteristics and analytical treatment of the grating demultiplexing properties." —Photonics Spectra, Sept. 2006

From the Publisher

Provides the theoretical basis for optical fibers and planar lightwave circuits, while also dealing with the principles and applications of arrayed waveguide grating multiplexers (AWGs) and planar lightwave circuits (PLCs). Okamoto, who is a researcher for NTT Photonics Laboratories in Japan, introduces waveguide theory through descriptions of nonlinear optical effects in optical fibers as well as through explanations of the theory of light coupling phenomena in directional couplers and Bragg gratings. The book is intended for researchers and graduate students working in optoelectronics who want to acquire and use the analysis techniques for designing and simulating novel optical fibers and devices. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

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