Gustavo Gutierrez

Gustavo Gutierrez

by Robert McAfee Brown
Gustavo Gutierrez

Gustavo Gutierrez

by Robert McAfee Brown

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Overview

Here is a definitive introduction to liberation theology through the life and work of its most significant proponent, Gustavo Gutierrez. Robert McAfee Brown draws extensively on Gutierrez's own writings (some never published in English) and on personal conversations with him. Brown clearly and compellingly presents the basics of liberation theology and the differences between North American and Latin American theologies. The form of Gustavo Gutierrez is that of a drama. Brown's initial ""program notes"" introduce and situate the ""author,"" the ""actors,"" the ""critics."" He sets the stage with a history of church and state in Latin America and introduces its definitive figures, themes, and milestones. A collective biography of Gutierrez's spiritual predecessors is followed by a biography of Gutierrez himself, which takes critical account of his works. Then we are ready, dramatically and theologically, to move to the first act: that of commitment to the poor. The second act, in two scenes, explores first liberation theology's method of critical reflection on praxis and also its content: nothing less than the Word of God. Brown delves next into the controversies and criticisms Gutierrez faces, especially the challenges from authorities in Rome. Finally, in act three, readers discover that in this particular drama, they too are ""on stage"" and must take part by reflecting on what this drama really means for them.

Product Details

ISBN-13: 9781620329023
Publisher: Wipf & Stock Publishers
Publication date: 03/01/2013
Edition description: New Edition
Pages: 248
Product dimensions: 8.90(w) x 6.00(h) x 0.80(d)

About the Author

Robert McAfee Brown was Professor Emeritus of Theology and Ethics at the Pacific School of Theology, Berkeley. He is the author of numerous books, including Unexpected News: Reading the Bible with Third World Eyes, and Spirituality of Liberation.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments

Key to Abbreviations

A Personal Note

Introduction: Arranging the Program Notes

Chapter 1 A Collective Biography of the Authors of Liberation Theology 1

A Basic Conflict: Los Conquistadores vs. Las Casas 2

Varieties of Colonialism and "a Rich Church" 3

Transition: Two Views of the Crucifix 4

Changes Sparked from Inside: The "Situation" and the Bible 5

Changes Sparked from Outside: The "Social Encyclicals" and the Vatican Council 7

Storm Clouds: The "National Security State" and the Witness of Martyrs 9

The Breakthrough: Medellín 1968 11

More Storm Clouds: Opposition at Home and Abroad 14

Reinforcing the Breakthrough: Puebla 1979 16

Still More Storm Clouds: The Costs Increase 19

2 An Individual Biography of One Author of Liberation Theology 22

A Tension: Upbringing in Peru vs. the Theological Grand Tour 23

The Break with "Dominant Theology" and the Beginnings of Rebuilding 26

Bartolomé de Las Casas 26

José Carlos Mariátegui 26

José María Arguedas 27

El Escorial and New Discoveries 32

Camilo Torres 34

The Gradual Emergence of a "Theology of Liberation" 34

In the Spotlight and behind the Scenes 35

A Theology of Liberation 36

Christians for Socialism 37

The Puebla Conference 38

The Murder of Archbishop Romero 39

Behind the Scenes 40

"High-Intensity Conflict"-The Clash with Rome 41

Gustavo-A Personal Portrait 46

Chapter 3 Act One: Commitment to the Poor (Praxis) 50

"The World Should Not Be the Way It is" 51

Starting with the Situation of the Poor 51

Three Meanings of Poverty 55

"A Preferential Option for the Poor" 57

"Development": A False Remedy for a Real Problem 60

The Choice between "Superversion" and "Subversion" 62

The Praxis of the Poor 65

The Empowerment of the Poor 69

The Joy of the Poor 73

Chapter 4 Act Two, Scene One: Theology as Critical Reflection on Praxis (Method) 75

God-Talk-And the Suffering of the Innocent 76

Prophecy and Contemplation: Two Languages That Must Be Merged 79

The Language of Prophecy 80

The Language of Contemplation 81

One Language, not Two 83

An Interlude for Stocktaking 85

The Nonbeliever and the Nonperson: Two Interlocutors Who Must Not Be Mergd 85

The Break with "Dominant Theology" 87

Theology and the Social Sciences 93

"Class Struggle" Revisited 96

A Basic Unity: Spirituality and Methodology 98

Chapter 5 Act Two, Scene Two: Theology in the Light of the World of God (Content) 102

"Expanding the View" 102

Three Levels of Liberation: Clearing the Air 104

A Touchstone: The "Preferential Option for the Poor" and the Fact of "Gratuitousness" 106

The Bible-and a "Militant Reading" 107

God-and a Challenge at All Other Gods 109

Jesus Christ-and a "God Become Poor" 113

he Holy Spirit-and the "Base Communities" 116

The Church-and the "View from Below" 120

History, Creation, Eschatology-and Politics 124

"Expanding the View" Once More 129

Chapter 6 The Plot Thickens: Some Unscripted Entrances, or Gustavo under Attack 131

Lesser Critiques 132

The Struggle with Rome Heats Up 136

The "Ten Observations" 137

More Challenges 138

Outside Support 140

The First "Instruction"-Still More Challenges 141

The Second "Instruction"-Change of Mood 146

The Struggle with Rome Subsides 148

Gustavo's Response: The Truth Shall Make You Free 148

Residuals 155

What Threatens One, Threatens All 156

Chapter 7 Act Three: Some Scripted Entrances, or What Liberation Theology Means for Us 157

On Trying To Leave the Theater and Ending up on Stage 158

1 Enlarging the Cast 159

Eatwot 159

More Participants on Stage 164

2 Intensifying the Plot: The Kairos Factor 166

The Kairos Document: South Africa 167

Kairos: Central America 169

Kairos International: "The Road to Damascus" 172

Is There a "Kairos Situation" in North America? 176

3 Joining the Company 178

Conclusion: Moving beyond Program Notes 183

Appendix I Writings by Gustavo 185

Books 185

Representative Articles 193

Interviews 194

Appendix II Writings by Others 197

A Way to Begin 197

Overall Bibliographical Help 198

North American Introductions and Assessments 199

Representative Voices in the Latin American Struggle 200

Notes 203

Index of Concepts and Titles 219

Index of Names 222

What People are Saying About This

From the Publisher

"Robert McAfee Brown has done an extraordinary job. . . . I have been connected with Latin America for more than four decades and have been at least peripherally associated with these theological developments, yet I have learned a great deal from reading this book. For those who are not well acquainted with Gustavo Gutierrez and liberation theology, this is an excellent introduction. For those who are better informed, it can serve as a guide for further exploration and reflection on its challenge.''
—Richard Shaull

"Brown's Gustavo Gutierrez enables readers to appreciate the context and content of the Peruvian thinker's contribution and to grasp why we have entered a new age of martyrs. This highly readable and carefully researched volume provides an excellent starting point for further study of a wide range of liberationist approaches to Christian theology."
—Anne E. Patrick

"This is the most lucid and appreciative interpretation in the English-speaking world of Gutierrez and his work. The fact that the interpreter is a renowned Protestant theologian is a powerful sign that a South-North ecumenical convergence is in the making ... .''
—Jorge Lara-Braud


"The Gutierrez whom we meet in this book is a man whose deep Christian faith and commitment to revolutionary struggle, whose example and prophetic teaching, should lift the vision and insight of the whole Church.''
—John C. Bennett

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