Hermeticity of Electronic Packages / Edition 2

by Hal Greenhouse

Overview

This is a book about the integrity of sealed packages to resist foreign gases and liquids penetrating the seal or an opening (crack) in the package—especially critical to the reliability and longevity of electronics. The author explains how to predict the reliability and the longevity of the packages based on leak rate measurements and the assumptions of impurities.

Non-specialists in particular will benefit from the author’s long involvement in the technology. Hermeticity is a subject that demands practical experience, and solving one problem does not necessarily give one the background to solve another. Thus, the book provides a ready reference to help deal with day to day issues as they arise.

The book gathers in a single volume a great many issues previously available only in journals—or only in the experience of working engineers. How to define the “goodness” of a seal? How is that seal measured? How does the integrity of the seal affect circuit reliability. What is the significance of the measured integrity of the seal? What is the relationship of Residual Gas Analysis and the seal integrity? The handbook answers these questions and more, providing an analysis of nearly 100 problems representative of the wide variety of challenges that actually occur in industry today.

Key Features:

- Brings together in a single resource virtually every issue involving hermeticity, including material based on the author’s long experience

- Written for novices as well as scientists, engineers and technicians with experience in the field

- Contains scores of graphs for solving problemsand explaining mathematical relationships

- Includes nearly 100 common hermeticity problems encountered on the job, along with their solutions

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781437778779
Publisher:	Elsevier Science
Publication date:	10/28/2011
Edition description:	2nd ed.
Pages:	360
Product dimensions:	6.20(w) x 9.10(h) x 1.10(d)

Table of Contents

1. Gas Kinetics
Mathematical Relationships | Problems and their Solutions

2. Viscous and Molecular Conductance of Gases
Conduction of Gases | Viscous Conduction | Molecular Conduction | Conduction in the Transitional Range | Composite Conductance Equations | Smallest Theoretical Leak

3. The Flow of Gases
General Flow Characteristics | Measured, Standard and True Leak Rates | Leak Rates for Different Gases | Change of Partial Pressure with Time | Viscous Flow from Sealed Packages | Viscous Flow Rate of Different Gases

4. The Flow of Gases into Sealed Packages
Molecular Flow | Viscous Flow into and out of Sealed Packages | The Simultaneous Flow of Gases in Both Directions

5. Water in Sealed Packages
Water-Related Corrosion and Circuit Failures | Water Leaking into a Sealed Package from the Outside Environment| Water Outgassing Inside the Package | Water as a Result of a Chemical Reaction with the Package

6. Understanding Helium Fine Leak Testing in Accordance with Method 1014, MIL-STD-883
Purpose of the Test | Basis of the Test | Fixed Method of Testing | Flexible Method of Testing | Comparison of the Fixed and Flexible Methods | The Effect of Viscous Flow | Leak Rate Limits are too Lenient | Backfilling the Package with Helium | Bombing after Backfilling

7. Fine Leak Measurements Using a Helium Leak Detector
Calibration Using a Standard Leak | Measurement Errors, not Including Background Errors | Background Errors | Errors Due to Helium on the External Surface of the Package | Minimum Detectable Leak (MDL)| Correlation of Standard Leaks |Locating Leaks in Packages

8. Gross Leaks
Forcing a Liquid into a Package | Fluorocarbon Vapor Exiting a Package | The Bubble Test | The Vapor Detection Test | The Weight Gain Test | Optical Leak Test | Penetrant Dye Test | Fluorocarbons from a Residual Gas Analysis | Quantitative Comparison of Gross Leak Test Methods

9. The Permeation of Gases through Solids
Description of the Permeation Process | Effect of Temperature on Permeation | Treating Permeation as a Leak Rate | Water Vapor Passing through Plastics

10. Residual Gas Analysis (RGA)
Description of the Test | What the Test Measures | Calculation of Leak Rates from RGA Data | Interpretation of RGA Data | The Qualification of Small Packages Using RGA

What People are Saying About This

From the Publisher

About the integrity of sealed packages to resist foreign gases and liquids penetrating the seal or an opening in electronic packages. How to predict the reliability and longevity of the packages.

Editorial Reviews

Discusses the integrity of sealed packages to resist foreign gases and liquids penetrating the seal or an opening in the package, as are especially critical to the reliability and longevity of electronics. The author, who works for AlliedSignal Corporation, explains how to predict the reliability and the longevity of the packages based on leak rate measurements and the assumptions of impurities. The handbook presents 99 problems and their solutions that are representative of actual industry experiences encountered. Individual chapters deal with the flow of gases into sealed packages, water in sealed packages, fine leak measurement using a helium leak detector, gross leaks, the permeation of gases through solids, and residual gas analysis. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

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