Table of Contents
Preface v
Acknowledgement xiii
Part 1 Thematic Issues 1
Chapter 1 Hong Kong's External Relations under the Basic Law 3
1.1 The Concept of Paradiplomacy 4
1.2 Instances of Paradiplomacy in the World 8
1.3 Is China Showing Flexibility in Sovereignty Absolutism? 11
1.4 Using Hong Kong's External Relations in Chinese Diplomacy 15
Chapter 2 Navigating the Grey Area: Hong Kong's External Relations since the Tsang Administration 17
2.1 Background 17
2.2 Cases 18
2.3 Conclusion: Lack of Vision, or Lack of Coordination? 36
Chapter 3 Re-branding without Re-developing: Constraints of Hong Kong's "Asia's World City" Brand (1997-2012) 41
3.1 Theoretical Assumptions Leading to the "Asia's World City" Experiment 43
3.2 Evolution of the "'Asia's World City" Exercise in Hong Kong 51
3.3 Limitations of the Theoretical Assumptions: Factors Hindering the AWC Re-branding's Success 58
3.4 Additional Implications for the HKSARG 64
Chapter 4 "White Gloves" for the Authoritarian Diplomats? Public Diplomacy of Hong Kong Chinese for China 69
4.1 Hong Kong Diaspora in Chinese Diplomacy: Theoretical Review 70
4.2 ETOs: Hong Kong's External Branches and Their Limitations 75
4.3 Public Diplomacy and Hong Kong Chinese: Prominent Cases 77
4.4 Merits of Hong Kong Public Diplomacy for China in the Realist-Liberal Model 82
4.5 Summary 89
Chapter 5 Borrowing the Hong Kong Identity for Chinese Diplomacy: Implications of Margaret Chan's World Health Organization Election Campaign 91
5.1 Introduction and Methodology 92
5.2 Incorporation of Chan's Hong Kong Identity into Chinese Diplomacy 101
5.3 Discrepancy between Receptions from Beijing and Hong Kong: Implications of "One Country. Two Systems" for the Future 110
5.4 Chan's Directorship in the World Health Organization and Criticisms 118
5.5 Conclusion 121
Chapter 6 Comparative Competitiveness under the Same Chinese Roof: What Chance for Hong Kong's Next Generation? 123
6.1 Literature Review 124
6.2 Perceived Comparative Competitiveness of Hong Kong Youths 129
6.3 Conclusion and Implications: How "Special" will the SAR be in the Future? 146
Part 2 Bilateral Relations 153
Chapter 7 US-Hong Kong Relations: Interaction with Domestic and International Security and Terrorism 155
7.1 Theoretical Framework of John Ikenberry 157
7.2 The United States-Hong Kong Policy Act and Beyond: Documenting the Liberal Grand Strategy and its Imperial Development since 9/11 163
7.3 Getting Closer to China: Can the Liberal Grand Strategy Be Sustained? 177
7.4 Hong Kong-US Relations after 2010 181
7.5 Conclusion 187
Chapter 8 From the EP-3 Incident to the USS Kitty Hawk-Song Class Submarine Encounter: The Evolution of a Sino-US Crisis Management Communication Mechanism 189
8.1 Literature Review and Background 191
8.2 Reconstructing the Sino-US Crisis Management Communication Mechanism 194
8.3 Contrasts in Initial Communication 196
8.4 Contrasts in Crisis Resolution 202
8.5 Contrasts in the Aftermath in Mechanism Building 204
8.6 Reasons for the Changes: Evolution of Sino-US Crisis Management Communication 206
8.7 Final Words 212
Chapter 9 Alternative Online Chinese Nationalism: Response to the Anti-Japanese Campaign in China on Hong Kong's Internet 215
9.1 Anti-Japanese Nationalism Online 217
9.2 Localization vs. Nationalization: Absence of Criticism of Beijing 222
9.3 Reaction towards Patriotic Education after the Handover 227
9.4 The Role of Japanese Culture in the Hong Kong Identity 228
9.5 Multiple Identities of Anti-Japanese Organizations in a Free Society 230
9.6 Hong Kong-Japan Relations after 2010 232
9.7 Conclusion: Previewing Chinese Online Nationalism after Democracy 235
Appendix A Dual Identity in Online Reactions to the Beijing Olympics: The Hong Kong Golden Forum as a Case Study 238
A.1 Internet Community in Hong Kong: Literature Review 239
A.2 Criticism of the Chinese Government daring the Beijing Olympics 240
A.3 Relatively Warmer Response towards the Chinese Medallists 242
A.4 Short Conclusion: Dual Identity Revealed? 243
Chapter 10 Hong Kong-Middle East Relations: Theorizing its Contribution to Chinese Diplomacy and Hong Kong Society 245
10.1 Hong Kong-Middle East Relations and Chinese Diplomacy 246
10.2 Impact of the Middle East on Hong Kong's Domestic Society 256
10.3 Short Summary 263
Chapter 11 Integration of Chinese and South Asians: Education of South Asian Ethnic Minorities in Hong Kong as a Case Study 265
11.1 Challenges South Asian Students Face in Hong Kong 267
11.2 Methodology and Polling Findings 270
11.3 Suggestions and Further Discussion 273
Chapter 12 The Role of Hong Kong Enterprises in Sino-Latin American Relations: Lee Ka-shing's "Port Diplomacy" as an Example 277
12.1 Li Ka-shing, Hong Kong and China 278
12.2 Case Studies in Latin America 281
12.3 Conclusion: Intentional Diplomacy or Business Activities? 287
Chapter 13 Future of Hong Kong's External Relations: Comparative Port Cities Development in India and China 293
13.1 Political Context of Port Cities: Empire, Nation States and Sovereignty 294
13.2 Two Integration Paths: Goa and Hong Kong 305
13.3 Conclusion 313
Index 315
