Table of Contents
Foreword Tereso Tullao vii
Preface xi
About the Editor xv
Acknowledgments xvii
List of Figures xxv
List of Tables xxvii
Japan's Demographic Revival: Rethinking Migration, Identity, and Sociocultural Norms 1
Part 1 Structural and Cultural Barriers to Dealing with Demographic Change 9
Chapter 1 Kyosei: Cultural Space, Multiculturalism, and the Prospect of a "Post-homogenous" Japan M. G. Sheftall 11
Introduction 11
What is "Culture"? 12
All the World(view)'s a Stage: "Hero-system" Dramas as "Immortality Vehicles" 18
When World(view)s Collide 20
A Brief Cartography of Japanese Cultural Space 24
Multiculturalism and the Future of Japanese Cultural Space 33
References 37
Chapter 2 Myths, Beliefs, and Implications of Japan's Naturalization Policy Soo im Lee 41
Introduction 41
Literature Review 42
The First Phase of the Naturalization Policy 45
The Second Phase of the Naturalization Policy 49
Who is Eligible to Become Japanese? 52
The Problematic Procedure 55
Modification of the Procedure and Chinese Applicants 56
Conclusion 57
References 59
Chapter 3 Identifying and Defining Self in a Changing Japan David Chapman 63
Introduction 64
Background 64
The Changes 65
The Beginnings 67
Alien and Resident Registration 69
Multinational Families in Contemporary Japan 73
New Legislation: Residents Together 74
The Koseki Dilemma 75
Conclusion 78
References 79
Part 2 Societal Challenges: Gender, Religion, and Incentive 81
Chapter 4 Demographic Change and Migration of Care Worker: State, Care Facilities, and Migrants Reiko Ogawa 83
Introduction 84
Intersection between the Migration and Care Regime 87
Actors in the Globalization of Care 90
Conclusion 107
References 108
Chapter 5 Immigration and Religion: Muslim Immigrants in Japan-Their History, Demographics, and Challenges Mhamed Biygautane 113
Introduction 113
Overview of the Historical Relationship between Japan and the Muslim World 115
Islam and Muslims in Japan: Origins, Demographics, and Religious Institutions 123
Muslim Communities in Japan: Challenges and the Way Forward 132
Conclusion and Policy Recommendations 138
References 141
Chapter 6 Demographic Changes and Religion in Japan: A Case Study of Soka Gakkai in Hokkaido Ka Shing Ng 145
Introduction 145
Hokkaido Soka Gakkai 146
Aging Population 149
Increase of Foreigners 164
Conclusion 173
References 174
Chapter 7 Nostalgic Migration - Factors Behind Recent Japanese Migration to Shanghai Reijiro Aoyama 179
Introduction - Japanese Migration as a-Phenomenon 179
"Spiritual Migrants" 181
Why China? 183
Nostalgia 185
Japanese in Shanghai from a Historical Perspective 190
Composition of the Japanese Community in Today's Shanghai 191
Expatriates and Local Hires 193
Young Japanese 204
Entrepreneurs 210
Conclusion 212
Notes 214
References 214
Chapter 8 Herbivorous Boys and Predatory Girls: Gender, Consumerism, and Low Birthrate in Japan Satoshi Ota 219
Introduction 219
The Current Low Birthrate Situation 224
Brief History of Youth Culture in Japan in the 1980s 228
The Emergence of Teenage Girls' Culture in the 1990s 231
The Image of Men 234
Media Discourse and Its Possible Effects on Young People 236
Demanding Women and Intimidated Men? 239
Concluding Remarks 243
References 246
Chapter 9 Japanese Corporate Culture and Demographic Decline Tokyo Female Workers' Views on Career Advancement in the Workplace Pui Tung Yang Stephen Robert Nagy 249
Introduction 249
Literature Review 253
Analytical Framework 258
Discussion 259
Conclusion 275
References 279
Part 3 Ways Forward 283
Chapter 10 The Potential Role of Migrant Rights Advocacy in Mitigating Japan's Demographic Challenges Ralph I Hosoki 285
Introduction 285
Theoretical Background 288
Norm Diffusion and Sociocultural and Sociopolitical Change in Japan 294
Domestic Activism: ZWU's Advocacy Work for Migrant Rights 298
Activism Abroad: SMJ Lobbying Efforts for Migrant Rights at the UN 308
The Potentials and Limitations of Advocacy Groups in Influencing Policy 326
Conclusion 330
References 331
Chapter 11 Exclusive Migrant Policies in Comparative Perspective:
The Case of the Gulf Cooperation Council States Kristian Coates Ulrichsen 337
Introduction 337
Past and Current Migration: Background of GCC 339
Solution to Capital-Rich, Labor-Poor Divide: Migration 344
Migration Over-Dependency 349
Migration and its Contemporary Consequences 354
Japan in Comparative Context 358
References 360
Chapter 12 Immigration Best Practices: Why Pragmatic Immigration Policies are Beneficial for Immigrants and for Japan Stephen Robert Nagy 363
Introduction 363
Migration and Social Integration 364
Migrants in Tokyo, Vancouver, and Hong Kong 370
Discussion 373
Concluding Remarks 383
References 383
Conclusion 387
List of Contributors 399
Index 401
