Table of Contents
List of illustrations x
Glossing xi
Note on English to Latin material xi
Abbreviations xii
Map xiv
Chapter 7 1
This and that: hic and ille 1
Background: The early days of the Roman Republic 5
Horatius 6
Comparative adjectives 7
Superlative adjectives 10
Irregular comparative and superlative adjectives 11
Comparative and superlative adverbs $
Mitcius Scaevola 15
Active and passive 17
Present passive 18
Agent and instrument 19
Imperfect passive 20
Future passive 22
Cloelia 24
Present active participle 25
Background: Social conflict in Rome (1) 28
A military strike $
Perfect passive participle 29
Common perfect passive participles 32
Background: Social conflict in Rome (2) 34
Coriolanus 35
Summary of Chapter Seven grammar 36
Chapter Seven vocabulary 37
Chapter 8 39
Principal parts (3) 39
Perfect passive 40
Cincinnatus 42
Pluperfect passive 43
Verginia 46
If clauses (conditionals) 47
Background: Roman power expands in Italy 48
Camillus at Veil 49
Self and same: ipse and idem 50
The spoils of Veii 53
Future active participle 54
Camillus at Falerii 56
Ablative absolute (1) 57
Ablative absolute (2) 59
Background: The Gauls invade Rome 61
The Gauls approach 62
More irregular verbs 62
Irregular imperatives 65
Defending Rome 67
Negative commands 68
An eerie sight 69
Sacred geese More 70
More question words 71
No surrender 73
Home sweet Rome 74
Summary of Chapter Eight grammar 75
Chapter Eight vocabulary 76
Chapter 9 78
Passive infinitive $
Deponent verbs 80
Perfect active participle 82
Background: Carthage and Hannibal 84
Hannibal's oath 84
War with Rome 85
Semi-deponent verbs 86
Hannibal's dream 88
Crossing the Rhone 88
Indirect statement (1) 90
Indirect statement (2) 91
Perfect active infinitive 92
Verbs introducing indirect statement 94
A short pep talk 95
Indirect statement (3) 95
Accusative subjects and objects 95
Perfect passive infinitive 97
Future active infinitive 97
Crossing the Alps 100
Background: Hannibal in Italy 102
Down into Italy 102
Prepositions (3) 104
Trasimene 107
Less common pronouns (1) 109
Despondency and a dictator 110
Less common pronouns (2) 111
Enter Scipio 113
Hannibal and Scipio 114
Summary of Chapter Nine grammar 115
Chapter Nine vocabulary 117
Chapter 10 119
Imperfect subjunctive 119
Purpose clauses 120
Background: The young Caesar 122
Caesar captured by pirates 122
Fourth and fifth declension nouns 123
Caesar's ambition 126
Politics not pomp 127
Background: Caesar in Gaul and Britain 127
Caesar in Gaul 128
Indirect commands 128
Britain in prospect $
Result clauses (1) $
Result clauses (2) $
A difficult landing $
Verbs of fearing 136
Legionaries under attack 138
Pluperfect subjunctive 139
Cum clauses 140
Vercingetorix 142
Indirect questions (1) 144
Indirect questions (2) 146
Crossing the Rubicon 147
Civil war 149
Connecting relative 149
Triumph and mortality 151
Ad with the gerundive to express purpose 152
Uses of dum 153
Background: Caesar reigns supreme 154
Plotting against Caesar 154
Translating complex sentences 155
Death on the Ides 158
Summary of Chapter Ten grammar 161
Chapter Ten vocabulary 163
Chapter 11 165
Revision passages 165
Antony and Octavian 165
Actium 167
Tell-tale birds 168
Augustus established 168
Augustus and Pollio 169
Lost legions 170
Tiberius 171
Caligula 172
Claudius 173
Nero and Agrippina 174
Matricide planned 175
Matricide averted 176
Nero thinks again 177
The murder of Agrippina 178
Boudicca's rebellion 179
Growing alarm 180
The rebels defeated 182
Rome on fire 182
Old Rome lost 184
Christians blamed 185
Chapter 12 186
Revision sentences 186
Restricted vocabulary and grammar for GCSE English to Latin sentences 206
Additional GCSE English to Latin sentences 208
GCSE practice paper 1 210
GCSE practice paper 2 214
GCSE practice paper 3 218
GCSE practice paper 4 222
GCSE practice paper 5 226
Reference grammar 230
Appendices
1 Use of cases 256
2 Constructions 260
3 Negatives 265
4 Uses of the subjunctive 267
5 Words easily confused 269
6 Words with more than one meaning 271
Glossary of grammar terms 272
English to Latin vocabulary 275
Latin to English vocabulary 290
Index to Part 2 304