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Overview
On April 26, 1986, Unit Four of the Chernobyl nuclear reactor exploded in then Soviet Ukraine. More than 3.5 million people in Ukraine alone, not to mention many citizens of surrounding countries, are still suffering the effects. Life Exposed is the first book to comprehensively examine the vexed political, scientific, and social circumstances that followed the disaster. Tracing the story from an initial lack of disclosure to post-Soviet democratizing attempts to compensate sufferers, Adriana Petryna uses anthropological tools to take us into a world whose social realities are far more immediate and stark than those described by policymakers and scientists. She asks: What happens to politics when state officials fail to inform their fellow citizens of real threats to life? What are the moral and political consequences of remedies available in the wake of technological disasters?
Through extensive research in state institutions, clinics, laboratories, and with affected families and workers of the so-called Zone, Petryna illustrates how the event and its aftermath have not only shaped the course of an independent nation but have made health a negotiated realm of entitlement. She tracks the emergence of a "biological citizenship" in which assaults on health become the coinage through which sufferers stake claims for biomedical resources, social equity, and human rights. Life Exposed provides an anthropological framework for understanding the politics of emergent democracies, the nature of citizenship claims, and everyday forms of survival as they are interwoven with the profound changes that accompanied the collapse of the Soviet Union.
Product Details
ISBN-13: | 9781400845095 |
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Publisher: | Princeton University Press |
Publication date: | 03/20/2013 |
Sold by: | Barnes & Noble |
Format: | eBook |
Pages: | 304 |
File size: | 3 MB |
About the Author
Table of Contents
List of Figures and Tables xi
Introduction to the 2013 Edition xiii
Acknowledgments xxxiii
Note on Transliteration xxxvii
Chapter 1 Life Politics after Chernobyl 1
- Time Lapse 1
- A Technogenic Catastrophe 9
- Nation Building 20
- Experimental Systems 25
- Docta Ignorantia 27
- The Unstoppable Course of Radiation Illness 32
Chapter 2 Technical Error: Measures of Life and Risk 34
- A Foreign Burden 34
- Saturated Grid 36
- Institute of Biophysics, Moscow 39
- Soviet-American Cooperation 41
- Safe Living Politics 49
- Life Sciences 55
- Risk In Vivo 59
Chapter 3 Chernobyl in Historical Light 63
- How to Remember Then 64
- New City of Bila-Skala 66
- Vitalii 67
- Contracts of Truth 69
- Oksana 70
- Anna 72
- Requiem for Storytelling 76
Chapter 4 Illness as Work: Human Market Transition 82
- City of Sufferers 82
- Capitalist Transition 92
- Nothing to Buy and Nothing to Sell 94
- Medical-Labor Committees 102
- Disability Claims 107
- Illness for Life 113
Chapter 5 Biological Citizenship 115
- Remediation Models 115
- Normalizing Catastrophe 119
- Suffering and Medical Signs 121
- Domestic Neurology 126
- Disability Groups 130
- Law, Medicine, and Corruption 138
- Material Basis of Health 143
Chapter 6 Local Science and Organic Processes 149
- Social Rebuilding 149
- Radiation Research 151
- Between the Lesional and the Psychosocial 156
- New Sociality 165
- Doctor-Patient Relations 174
- No One Is Hiding Anything Anymore 176
- In the Middle of the Experiment 181
Chapter 7 Self and Social Identity in Transition 191
- Anton and Halia 191
- Beyond the Family: Kvartyra and Public Voice 194
- Medicalized Selves 201
- Everyday Violence 206
- Lifetime 212
Chapter 8 Conclusion 215
Notes 221
Bibliography 239
Index 253
What People are Saying About This
This extremely interesting work treats the social, political, and personal implications of Chernobyl as a prismreflecting the political-economic, clinical, legal, and biographical processes that characterize this 'open-ended' catastrophe. There is nothing comparable. Very well written, it will be of major interest to readers in risk analysis and risk sociology, science studies, political science, as well as to anyone interested in the consequences of megatechnologies.
Ulrich Beck, author of "The Brave New World of Work" and "What is Globalization?"
An ethnographic triumph. Life Exposed is as much a cultural study of science as it is a history of a nuclear disaster and a story of the politics of nation making in Ukraine. As powerful an analysis of biological citizenship and national technical processes of managing risks as I have ever read. Yet also a moving meditation on the aftermath of disaster for a poor Eastern European state, including the moral and medical morass faced by those who negotiate its world of disability.
Arthur Kleinman, Harvard University
Life Exposed is a fascinating and highly original ethnographic analysis of the fragile political, economic, and social transition to post-Soviet citizenship in Ukraine as viewed through the Chernobyl disaster. Above all, it opens a window on a harrowing world with which most English-language readers will be unfamiliar. Through Petryna's well-written presentation of the illness narratives we slowly come to comprehend the enormity of the situation. I know of no other work that makes such a clear case for the importance of biomedical world views, practices, bureaucracies, and negotiations as foundational to contemporary citizenship.
Rayna Rapp, New York University, author of "Testing Women, Testing the Fetus"
This is a marvelous piece of research on a timely topic that ought to be of great interest to a broad audience in sociocultural anthropology, to scholars and makers of public policy, to specialists in the politics of transition, and to social science and humanities scholars interested in contemporary Ukraine. Petryna's story is very moving and the material is wonderfully rich and suggestive.
Mark L. von Hagen, Columbia University, author of "Soldiers in the Proletarian Dictatorship"
"An ethnographic triumph. Life Exposed is as powerful an analysis of national technical processes of managing risks as I have ever read. Yet it is also a moving meditation on the aftermath of disaster, including the moral and medical morass faced by those who negotiate its world of disability."—Arthur Kleinman, Harvard University