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Overview
Product Details
| ISBN-13: | 9780312423308 |
|---|---|
| Publisher: | Picador |
| Publication date: | 01/01/2005 |
| Edition description: | First Edition |
| Pages: | 320 |
| Product dimensions: | 5.50(w) x 8.50(h) x 0.71(d) |
About the Author
Read an Excerpt
Madras on Rainy Days
By Samina Ali
Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Copyright © 2004 Zainab AliAll right reserved.
ISBN: 0-374-19562-5
Chapter One
Shai'tanAMME AND I sat in the backseat of the Fiat, covered entirely with black chadors. Only our eyes showed, both brown, pear-shaped, and frightened. In her irises I saw my own face reflected back at me, featureless, a dark, oval mass, the ghost or the devil she already believed me to be. We were driving into the inner parts of the Old City to visit the alim. Amme was convinced the devil was inside me and she wanted the mystic to exorcise it. But I knew that when she looked into my eyes, she saw the same thing, her own face dark and formless.
My uncle sat in the front seat of the car in order to direct our driver, Ahmed. Amme didn't want anyone to know our destination, not even the driver. She worried word might reach Sameer, my fiancé, and he would break the engagement if he heard I was possessed. So Abu Uncle guided the young driver through the maze of these narrow back alleys that looked identical with their one- to two-room shacks as he searched For the alim's house. The deeper we moved into the neighborhood, the fewer trees I saw. There were only cement walls here, one after the other, and alleys that led to more alleys, shooting off each other like veins, and I doubted we would find the alim. A few times we reached dead ends in the dirt road and had to backtrack.
"He'll take care of you," Amme whispered to me through the glistening polyester of her veil. But she was careful to sit close to the door, careful not to touch me. "Don't be worried. The dreams will stop. And the bleeding. You'll be better. It's not you, Layla, it's not." Her eyes searched me up and down as though she were looking for any signs of the devil. The more she behaved this way, the more I believed there really was something inside me. I stared at her without blinking, feeling silently powerful and mysterious, beyond any of them.
She glanced toward the front seat, at the slim and broad shoulders of Ahmed and Abu Uncle, then turned again to me. "The alim's good," she continued to whisper. "Not like the others. Your uncle says this one is authentic-he doesn't take money." Her eyes grew bigger and smaller as she spoke. "Don't look at me like that," she said. "Your eyes scare me." She gazed out the window. Beneath her black veil, on her thigh, I saw the movement of her fist as she rolled her knuckles.
Outside, the Old City streets were becoming narrower and narrower, and the cement houses smaller. In these parts, not even motor-rickshaws passed, so at the sound of our slow-moving car, bare-legged kids jumped out of doorways and chased after it, some waving sticks. We grew silent in their shrill laughter. A light rain was coming down, though here and there the clouds broke and sun shone down as well. It was early July in India and the monsoons were just under way.
Despite the rain, my uncle had his window open and his thick arm placed outside, the black hair becoming wet and pressed into his chocolate skin. His other arm was thrown across the length of the seat back, his fingers lingering near Ahmed's thin shoulders. I watched the tips drum the vinyl car seat and waited to see if he would actually touch Ahmed. Men did that here, openly caressed one another, and no one was sure what those touches really meant, not even the men themselves ... or their brides-to-be. On the streets, men held hands and wrapped arms around waists while they walked. Having been raised in both India and America, for me these differences in cultures, slight as they sometimes might be, had caused much confusion. Each time I arrived in India or the U.S., after spending a half year away, it was like turning a page and not knowing whether to begin reading the script from right to left or left to right, Urdu or English. Yet the direction I chose always made a difference.
"Here, here," Abu Uncle said, squeezing Ahmed's shoulder then pointing left toward an alleyway that looked like all the others. "Turn here."
By now Ahmed had turned on the wipers and they squeaked and scratched the windshield. He stopped the car and stuck his head out the window.
"I can't go in there, sa'ab," he said to Abu Uncle. "The car will get stuck."
"No, no, I think this will work. Go on, go on."
"I don't think so, sa'ab. Look how narrow the alley is. Even if the car goes in, how will any of you be able to get out?" He laughed. From behind, the hair of both was long and wavy, covering the sweaty napes of their necks.
Amme and I leaned forward. It was early morning on a Friday, the holy day for Muslims, so the streets were unusually empty, which made them visible in their entirety. I studied the narrow passageway that lay between two rows of tiny houses, but couldn't be certain if we would fit or not. The Fiat was smaller than the BMW I drove in Minneapolis, so I couldn't trust my judgment.
"Try to go in as far as you can, Ahmed," Amme said. "Get us in closer."
"I don't think it'll go," Ahmed said, turning to face her.
"I know what can fit and what can't, Ahmed. Just go in farther. I won't be caught walking these streets. What will people say if they see us?"
"But memsa'ab ..."
"Do it," Abu Uncle ordered.
Ahmed sighed and turned the car. The kids snickered and yelled, then smacked the trunk with open palms. The metal echoed. Ahmed mumbled that no one could recognize Amme and me with our chadors on, and we pretended not to hear any of it. The street was cobblestone and I assumed it had been built during the time of Nizam. Today, back alleys were nothing but dirt pathways. A sign of progress, indeed. The engine groaned but the car only inched forward as the kids pretended to push the Fiat from the sides and back. Ahmed drove us in about five feet then simply turned off the engine. The children's sneers grew louder.
On either side of us were white cement row houses, the roofs of corrugated sheet metal, the windows barred, the wooden shutters wide open to catch what air there might be back here. Every ten or so feet a different-colored door-blue, orange, pink, shades of yellow-each color representing a different house.
"I'll run the rest of the way and see if he's in," Abu Uncle offered. He had an angular face with thick eyebrows.
Amme nodded. My uncle gave me a quick glance then tried on a smile. I stared at him, knowing he couldn't see anything but my eyes, so I needn't force an expression. He opened the door, which hit against the wall of a house, and squeezed out. I watched his black-and-red checkered shirt disappear around a corner as he ran down the length of the curved passageway.
"They call this Elephant Alley," Ahmed said, turning toward us. His lips were dark from smoking. "It's famous because not even an elephant could get through. It got stuck up there." He pointed in the direction Abu Uncle had just gone down. "It took the men four hours to pull out the dumb animal."
"People here are always forcing things to happen," I said, scrutinizing the whitewashed walls for any signs of skin or blood. There was none. "It's only the show that counts. Poor animal."
"It happened because of a wedding," Ahmed explained.
"Everything here happens because of weddings," I mumbled.
The driver kept talking on, "The groom was riding the elephant to meet his bride at the mosque down the street. The entire wedding band was here, you see, and they were playing on their trumpets and banging on their drums as they led the groom. This way the bride and guests know the groom has arrived. You'll see in just two days at your ..."
"Ahmed," I warned. I wasn't in the mood to discuss my wedding. "You always talk too much."
"Sorry, Layla-bebe," he said, smiling. I was sure he thought that I was behaving as a bride should, bashful, too mortified to talk about the upcoming event-for it meant the loss of virginity on the wedding night-and I let him think this.
The children continued to pound on the trunk, the sound of the reverberating metal bringing women to their doorways and windows. They wore old cotton saris and one had a baby in her arms, its eyes lined black with kohl so the child wouldn't catch the evil eye. They stood just outside our car and watched us. Amme and I clutched the smooth fabric against our faces, my mother so hidden inside her veil that only half her eyes showed.
"Cover up," she snapped to me, but I ignored her. What more could I hide?
The car jiggled as the kids pushed against it. My stomach began to cramp at even this slight motion and I turned and gave the brats a nasty look. They didn't see me. So I imagined using my demonic powers. Maybe my eyes would turn red as I stared at them. Maybe I could fling them away without even a touch. But these were just images I had picked up in American horror movies. What did it mean, then, in real life, to be possessed?
Amme began whispering prayers for my salvation, her eyes closed, the veil's fabric rippling against her lips, and I realized there was nothing she could now do to save me.
"MAKE THE KIDS go away," I told Ahmed. His dark cheeks were covered with pockmarks.
He stuck his head out the driver's window and screamed at them. They screamed back, then continued to shake the car.
"Such disgusting children," Amme said, her surahs finally completed. "These mothers have kids, then throw them to the streets. No discipline, no worry. Let whatever happens happen. Then they wonder why India is making no progress. Thoo!" She spat out the window to show the women her contempt. Then she quickly covered her face.
"Forget them, memsa'ab," Ahmed said, trying to console her. "They are only alley kids."
"I don't care about them," she said. "I'm worried about the car." She leaned out and yelled at the kids. "Get away from the car, you bastard!" They stopped moving at once. I turned and saw that three or four were actually sitting on the roof and sliding down the back window. Their skinny thighs were pressed flat against the glass. "Who's going to pay for the damages? Your father? Move away or I'll come out and use those sticks on you."
The children laughed. There must have been ten of them. By now, their nylon shirts had become drenched and their hair was flat on the crowns of their heads, making their ears stick out.
"Zaheer," one of the women called from her doorway. She rested her palms on the hood as she peered over the car at the children. "Do as the lady says and stop playing with the car."
There was silence, then the boy who must have been Zaheer ordered the others away. As the ones on the roof jumped off, the car bounced.
Amme moved back inside and sat satisfied against the seat. "Ageeb log hai," she said. "I have never seen such strange people."
"So listen," Ahmed began again. "The groom was so eager to get married, he leapt off the rear of the elephant and ran to the mosque-without the band! They were on the other side and didn't even see him go ..."
"Ahmed, stop your babbling," Amme said. "You're making me more angry."
"I'm just telling a story. It's to calm Layla-bebe."
"Layla-bebe doesn't need calming. Why would you think that?"
"Of course she doesn't," he said and smiled.
So, he already knew it all. Servants always did. You couldn't keep any secrets from them. I glanced at Amme, but she hadn't noticed his smile. She had grown even more restless and was turning this way and that, looking behind us, then in front.
"When is he coming back?" she asked. "You can't trust anyone with anything. He knows we can't be seen out here. And still he takes his time."
"No one can recognize you under the veil," I said, trying to help. "Even I wouldn't be able to."
"Don't be so naive, Layla, everyone knows us," she snapped, knuckles once more turning on a thigh. She had been this way all morning, ever since I told her about my bleeding and suggested we cancel the wedding. "Someone might even recognize this car," she went on. "Or Ahmed. Ahmed!" She turned to him. "Stop looking around. Hide your face."
"Ar're, memsa'ab," he said, grinning. "No one will recognize me"
"If you don't stop arguing with me, Ahmed, I'll throw you out and get another driver. You're only one in a dozen. Don't forget that."
His face grew solemn and he dropped low behind the steering wheel. I was glad she had shut him up.
"And don't you tell me you wouldn't know your own mother," she said, turning her face away from me. "You have such a black tongue. So ungrateful-just like your father. Every day you grow more and more like him. No matter what I do, neither of you sees it. Conveniently blind. Both of you, the same."
I, too, slid down in my seat and looked absently out the front window to the narrowing alley beyond. Though I had done everything I could not to be like my father-including agreeing to this marriage-I could no longer say that she was wrong.
ABU UNCLE APPEARED around the corner, out of breath, and the women hid inside their houses so they wouldn't be seen by the unknown man. Just when they disappeared, the alley kids ran back to the car and began jumping on the trunk again. We shook inside. I held my stomach. It was round and hard. Abu Uncle leaned in through the passenger window. Ahmed sat up. "The alim is there," my uncle said. "He'll see us."
"How many other visitors does he have?" Amme asked.
"Only three people. He says he'll seat us in the bedroom until they leave, but we have to be quick. It's late already and getting time for his prayers."
"Let's go then," she said, turning to me.
I breathed in as I stepped out of the car. The kids laughed and ran away.
"Come on, come on. Quickly," Abu Uncle said, waving to me. Amme was already racing through the alley, her head down. A black ghost against the white walls. I followed my uncle. We passed several open doors and windows, and from behind the curtains, I saw half faces, eyes, watching us pass. I was thankful for the chador and how invisible I became inside it.
Behind us, Ahmed began yelling at the kids, while ahead, the alley curved, then led to the same monotony on the other side of the bend. Rows of concrete. The rain continued to fall. Hardly a breeze back here and only the stink of sharp urine and dull spices. The hem of my veil flapped against my ankles. Our sandals skidded on the wet cobblestones and echoed. Water pooled between rocks. One eye, half lips, stones. The rough heels of Abu Uncle's sandaled feet. That was all I saw. I quickly lost my breath, then my foot caught and I slipped. I fell forward and a hot cramp pierced through my stomach. Abu Uncle grabbed my arm. His thumbnail jabbed into my flesh and I shrugged him away.
"Sorry," I said through the chador. I pressed my palm against my abdomen to soothe it, thankful that neither he nor Amme could see me doing this.
"Careful," he said.
Continues...
Excerpted from Madras on Rainy Days by Samina Ali Copyright © 2004 by Zainab Ali. Excerpted by permission.
All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher.
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Reading Group Guide
Discussion Questions
1. MADRAS ON RAINY DAYS opens with a blind alim, a mystical healer, who Layla visits because her mother believes her to be possessed. Yet Layla confesses that these are visits she must make each time she returns to Hyderabad from the United States. So what is truly possessing Layla that her mother is trying to rid? And why is it so important to her mother to rid Layla of these influences?
2. Although the novel is set in 1989 and is heavily centered on Layla's personal journey, in what ways does the story feel contemporary? What themes from the book exist today, in our world, that make the story compelling? It has been said that Islam is the main character of this novel. In what ways is this true?
3. The women in the novel are heavily confined to the home and to their limited fate: from the father's house to the husband's house. They have no personal identity other than being someone's wife, daughter, and/or mother. How is the religion of Islam being used to keep women oppressed? And how are both the male and female characters betraying women's right to freedom? Think of Layla's father and his co-wives, of Ibrahim after Layla tells him about his son and asks to leave the home, and also think of Layla's own mother and aunts. In what ways does Layla identify with her own nanny, Nafiza?
4. Although the novel is suggesting that women must occupy certain roles in this culture, Sameer also laments how he has had to become someone other than he truly is. On page 195, he tells Layla that he cannot be himself in India. What does he mean by this statement? What forces are keeping him, even as a man, from expressing himself in Hyderabad? And when Layla eventually exposes him to their families, what is the reaction of Abu Uncle, of Ibrahim, of Zeba, of the Muslim community?
5. Nate is an important character in the novel, although we see him only through the letters he sends to Layla. In one of them, he tells her that he loves her, yet Layla doesn't return to him nor did she, at the beginning, remain in the United States with him. Why would Layla, who has also grown up in America, return to India to get into an arranged marriage? What forces compel her to do so? What then keeps her in her marriage with Sameer even after she learns that Nate loves her? Does giving her virginity to Nate necessarily mean she loves him? And is she really choosing Sameer over Nate or is she choosing something else, something more? Does she even have a choice?
6. Henna is Layla's best friend, confidante, and cousin. Layla says that they were both girls who grew up to be women who knew they would be sold to men in marriage and were looking forward to it. What is the importance of Henna to the overall theme of women's fate? Her sudden death is a surprise at the end, but how does this event help to change Layla and Sameer's relationship and why? Could this change have come about without this death? How does it influence Layla to make the decisions she finally does?
7. There is Muslim-Hindu violence in the book and Layla says that it is politics more than religion that causes such strife. In what ways is politics currently creating violence in the world, in the name of religion? Look closely at the words world leaders use in trying to legitimize their fight.
8. Layla begins the novel in a place of possession: she is controlled by cultural, familial, religious forces. As she journeys through the novel, she begins to distinguish between Islam, as a religion, and Islam as it is practiced in culture. Her learning about her religion helps her, by the end, to become self-possessed. No matter what religion or culture, people are controlled by familial and societal pressures. Think of ways in which you have sacrificed your personal freedom in face of these outside pressures.
9. On page 228, Layla says, "Love, why did we all confuse that emotion for what this really was, a desperate loneliness, a greed for human touch." In what ways is love denied in this novel? In what ways is it expressed? How do the characters put themselves at risk for such an expression, and what must they stand up against to love others? How does breaking love boundaries break the other silent boundaries imposed by religion and culture and family?
10. At the very end of the novel, Layla finally finds her freedom and says, "My body hidden and safe under the chador, belonging only to me." In what different ways did Layla have to fight for control of her body? The Western world has come to view the Muslim veil as an oppressive device. Yet, here, the chador provides Layla the freedom she has long awaited. With or without the veil, in what ways do women everywhere struggle for this very control of their bodies?