Nostalgia for the Empire: The Politics of Neo-Ottomanism

by M. Hakan Yavuz

Overview

Making a country great again is a theme for nationalist authoritarians. Across countries with past experience as great powers, nationalist politicians typically harken back to a golden age. In Nostalgia for Empire, Hakan Yavuz focuses on how this trend is playing out in Turkey, a nation that lost its empire a century ago and which is now ruled by a nationalist authoritarian who invokes nostalgia for the Ottoman era to buttress his power. Yavuz delves into the social and political origins of expressions of nostalgia for the Ottoman Empire among various groups in Turkey. Exploring why and how certain segments of Turkish society has selectively brought the Ottoman Empire back into public consciousness, Yavuz traces how memory of the Ottoman period has changed. He draws from Turkish literature, mainstream history books, and other cultural products from the 1940s to the twenty-first century to illustrate the transformation. He finds that two key aspects of Turkish literature are, on the one hand, its criticism of the Jacobin modernization of Turkey under Ataturk, and on the other a desire to search the Ottoman past for an alternative political language. Yavuz goes onto to explain how major political actors, including President Erdogan, utilize the concept of empire to craft distinctive conceptualizations of nationalism, Islam, and Ottomanism that exploit national nostalgia. As remembered today, the Ottoman past seems to be grounded in contemporary conservative Islamic values. The combination of these memories and values generates a portrait of Turkey as a victim of major powers, besieged by imagined enemies both internal and external. In mapping out how nostalgia is crafted and spread, this book not only sheds light on Turkey's unique case but also deepens our understanding of nationalism, religion, and modernity.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780197512302
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
Publication date:	07/23/2020
Sold by:	Barnes & Noble
Format:	eBook
Pages:	336
File size:	3 MB

About the Author

M. Hakan Yavuz is a professor of political science at The University of Utah. He has produced a body of scholarly work dealing with the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, the patterns of nation-state building, secularism, ethnic conflict, transnational Islamic networks, civil society and the public sphere. His books include Turkey's July 15th Coup, Islamic Political Identity in Turkey (Oxford), and Secularism and Muslim Democracy in Turkey, among others.

Table of Contents

Abbreviations Dedication Preface Introduction 1. The Modes of Ottomanism 2. The Social Origins of Nostalgia for Ottomans 3. Sites of Ottoman Memory: Literature and Sufi Orders 4. Turgut ?zal's Neo-Ottomanism 5. The Neo-Ottomanism of the Naksibendis and the Welfare Party 6. Erdogan's Neo-Ottomanism 7. The Neo-Ottoman Foreign Policy of the AKP 8. The Balkan and the Arab Responses to Neo-Ottomanism Conclusion Notes Selected Bibliography Index

Editorial Reviews

"M. Hakan Yavuz provides a compelling survey of how, since the 1980s, a competing range of social, cultural, literary and religious appeals to the Ottoman past – from Orhan Pamuk to Ottoman soap operas – have reshaped the political landscape of the secular Turkish Republic established in 1923 by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, and produced what the author describes as an "Islamist kleptocracy" under President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan" — Gerald Maclean, University of Exeter, TLS

"Analyzes the social and political origins of Turkish neo-Ottomanism, examining the facets of Ottomanism as an ideology, identity, policy, and alternative model of modernization in the context of Turkey's social and political transformation into a modern state." — Journal of Economic Literature (Volume 59, no. 1)

"M. Hakan Yavuz, a prolific scholar who has written on pretty much every aspect of modern Turkish politics, is well-positioned to cover this complex topic... The book nevertheless opens up new avenues of research for future inquiries into neo-Ottomanism." — Tamer Balcı, University of Texas-Rio Grande Valley, Academia

"Nostalgia for the Empire provides a fantastic account of how imagination of the Ottoman past has deeply influenced Turkish society and politics. This volume is a major contribution to Turkish studies that will leave a lasting impact on the field." — Turkish Studies

"shed[s] new light on the current popularity of Neo-Ottomanism ... Nostalgia for the Empire: The Politics of Neo-Ottomanism is about an Empire lost and its traumatic impact on Turkish consciousness." — Ozay Mehmet, Insight Turkey

"In this new insightful book, Yavuz offers a detailed historical and sociological analysis of one of the most striking features of contemporary Turkey, the widespread neo-Ottomanism, or nostalgia for the Ottoman past. He demonstrates that, rather than a single ideology, it is a multi-faceted phenomenon in which the Ottoman past is imagined and instrumentalized in very different ways. Yavuz shows the deep roots of neo-Ottomanism but also convincingly argues that it is about (dreams of) the future as much as about the past." — Erik-Jan Zürcher, former Professor of Turkish Studies, Leiden University, and author of Turkey: A Modern History

"Yavuz has yet again produced an invaluable volume on Turkey's complex modern political history. Charting the evolution of how references to the Ottoman past enter into modern notions of political development, modernization, and nationalism, Nostalgia for the Empire sheds fresh light on a critical phase in Turkey's state-building story. This is a must-read for scholars of political Islam, the modern history of Turkey, and the larger story of the modern state throughout the twentieth century." — Isa Blumi, Docent and Associate Professor of Asian, Middle Eastern, and Turkish Studies, Stockholm University

"Nostalgia for the Empire is a comprehensive analysis of the genealogy and permutations of neo-Ottomanism, a commonly invoked concept referring to resurrections of the Ottoman past in Turkey and the broader region. The book caps the author's findings over two decades of research and reflection on Islam in the Turkish Republic. Yavuz dissects Ottomanist political rhetoric, socio-cultural manifestations, and foreign policy aspirations against the canvas of Turkish history during the last century. Written with passion, authority, and clarity, the study bares the idealized and opportunistic dimensions of Ottoman nostalgia, as it poignantly critiques the related populist-authoritarian turn in Turkey in recent years." — Hasan Kayali, Associate Professor of History, University of California, San Diego

From the Publisher