Nucleic Acids in Innate Immunity / Edition 1

by Ken J. Ishii, Shizuo Akira

Overview

Until recently, innate immunity was regarded as a relatively nonspecific system designed to engulf and destroy pathogens. However, new studies show that the innate immune system is highly developed in its ability to discriminate between self and foreign entities. Understanding this mechanism can lead to therapeutic strategies based on manipulation of this previously unexploited branch of the immune system.

Drawing on the research of leading experts, Nucleic Acids in Innate Immunity provides insight in this new area of immunology. The book begins by explaining the roles of nucleic acids in immunity, describing the mechanism of discrimination based on pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), Nod-like receptors (NLR), and RIG-I-like receptors (RLR). Chapters discuss how these PRRs recognize and respond to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by activating specific signaling pathways.

The second section focuses on the therapeutic applications of immunomodulatory DNA by manipulating released pathogenic nucleic acids as immune system stimulants. The book introduces novel therapeutics developed to prevent or treat infectious diseases, allergic disorders, and cancer, as well as clearing unnecessary or abnormal host molecules.

The final section addresses how the immune system discriminates self and non-self RNA. Recent findings that host (self) nucleic acids are not inert in the immune system beg the question of exactly what elements within DNA or RNA are recognized by the innate immune system. Contributions review recent advances to understand innate immune recognition of nucleic acids and describe the resulting immune modulation.

Providing a comprehensive review of nucleic acid recognition and regulation by the innate immune system, this seminal work reveals new directions for future research in immune modulation.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780367387297
Publisher:	Taylor & Francis
Publication date:	09/19/2019
Edition description:	Reprint
Pages:	302
Product dimensions:	6.12(w) x 9.19(h) x (d)

About the Author

Ken J. Ishii, Shizuo Akira

Table of Contents

Preface vii

Editors xi

Contributors xiii

Section I Roles of Nucleic Acids in Immunity

Chapter 1 Structural Analysis of Toll-Like Receptors Jungwoo Choe Ian A. Wilson 3

Chapter 2 Antiviral Signaling through TLRs and RLHs Taw Kawai 17

Chapter 3 Recognition of Virus Invasion by Toll-Like Receptors and RIG-I-Like Helicases Hiroki Kato Osamu Takeuchi 31

Chapter 4 Characteristics of Dendritic Cell Responses to Nucleic Acids Tsuneyasu Kaisho Takahiro Sugiyama Katsuaki Hoshino 43

Chapter 5 Dendritic Cells as Sensors for Foreign and Self Nucleic Acids Anne Krug Wolfgang Reindl 59

Section II Mechanisms and Therapeutic Applications of Immunomodulatory DNA

Chapter 6 Natural DNA Recognition by Toll-Like Receptor 9 Does Not Rely upon CpG Motifs: Role of Endosomal Compartmentation Tobias Haas Frank Schmitz Antje Heit Hermann Wagner 77

Chapter 7 Discrimination of Self and Non-Self DNAs Katryn J. Stacey Francis Clark Greg R. Young Tara L. Roberts 85

Chapter 8 Therapeutic Potential of Immunosuppressive Oligonucleotides Expressing TTAGGG Motifs Dennis M. Klinman Debbie Currie Chiaki Fujimoto Igal Gery Hidekazu Shirota 101

Chapter 9 Structure/Function of IFNα-Inducing CpG ODNs Daniela Verthelyi Montserrat Puig 113

Chapter 10 Clinical Development of Oligodeoxynucleotide TLR9 Agonists Julie L. Himes Arthur M. Krieg 129

Chapter 11 Prospects for TLR9-Based Immunotherapy for Asthma and Allergy David Broide 145

Chapter 12 Toll-Like Receptors in Development of Systemic Autoimmune Disease: In Vitro Artifact or In Vivo Paradigm? Ann Marshak-Rothstein Mark J. Shlomchik 159

Chapter 13 Impacts of Nucleoside Modification on RNA-Mediated Activation of Toll-Like Receptors Katalin Karikó Drew Weissman 171

Chapter 14 Activation of Innate Pattern Recognition Pathways by Single-Stranded Ribonucleic Acids Sandra S. Diebold 189

Chapter 15 RNA Interference in Scope of Immune System Andrea Ablasser Gunther Hartmann Veil Hornung 207

Chapter 16 Recognition of RNA and Synthetic Compounds by TLR7 and TLR8 Svetlana Hamm Stefan Bauer 227

Chapter 17 Helicases at Frontline of RNA Virus Recognition Leonid Gitlin Marco Colonna 241

Index 273