Table of Contents
Authors v
Preface vii
1 The laws of thermodynamics P. T. Landsberg 1
Mathematical preliminaries 1
Quasistatic changes 4
The First Law 6
The Second Law 9
Simple ideal fluids 11
Joule-Thomson effect 21
Thermodynamic cycles 23
Chemical thermodynamics 28
The Third Law 33
Phase changes 34
Thermal and mechanical stability 37
2 Statistical theory of information and of ensembles P.T. Landsberg 44
Entropy maximisation: ensembles 44
Partition functions in general 48
Entropy maximisation: probability distributions 51
Most probable distribution method 53
Some general principles 60
3 Statistical mechanics of ideal systems P.T. Landsberg 63
Maxwell distribution 63
Classical statistical mechanics 67
Virial theorem 72
Oscillators and phonons 74
The ideal quantum gas 80
Constant pressure ensembles 92
Radiative emission and absorption 93
4 Ideal classical gases of polyatomic molecules C.J. Wormald 98
The translational partition function 98
Thermodynamic properties and the theory of fluctuations 100
The classical rotational partition function 103
The quantum mechanical rotational partition function 105
A convenient formula for the high temperature rotational partition function 108
Thermodynamic properties arising from simple harmonic model of vibration 110
Corrections to the rigid rotator-harmonic oscillator model 113
Contributions to the thermodynamic properties arising from low lying electronic energy levels 118
Calculation of the thermodynamic properties of HC1 from spectroscopic data 121
Thermodynamic properties of ethane 127
5 Ideal relativistic classical and quantum gases P.T. Landsberg 132
6 Non-electrolyte liquids and solutions A.J.B. Cruickshank 140
Cell theories of the liquid state 142
Equation of state treatment of liquids 154
Binary solutions 168
7 Phase stability, co-existence, and criticality A.J.B. Cruickshank 193
Singulary systems 193
Binary systems 214
8 Surfaces J.M. Haynes 230
The Gibbs model of a surface 230
9 The imperfect classical gas P.C. Hemmer 246
The equation of state 246
The virial expansion 254
Pair distribution function. Virial theorem 261
10 The imperfect quantum gas D.ter Haar 270
The equation of state 270
Second quantisation formalism 278
11 Phase transitions D.ter Haar 282
Einstein condensation of a perfect boson gas 282
Vapour condensation 289
Hard sphere gas 293
12 Cooperative phenomena D.ter Haar 303
13 Green function methods D.ter Haar 319
Mathematical preliminaries 319
General formalism 320
The Kubo formula 323
The Heisenberg ferromagnet 324
14 The plasma (D. ter Haar) 333
15 Negative temperatures and population inversion U.M. Titulaer 341
Dynamic polarization 346
A model of laser action 348
16 Recombination rate theory in semiconductors J.S. Blakemore 350
17 Transport in gases D.J. Griffiths 378
18 Transport in metals J.M. Honig 401
19 Transport in semiconductors J.M. Honig 432
20 Fluctuations of energy and number of particles C.W. McCombie 448
21 Fluctuations of general classical mechanical variables C.W. McCombie 457
22 Fluctuations of thermodynamic variables: constant pressure systems, isolated systems C.W. McCombie 465
23 Time dependence of fluctuations: correlation functions, power spectra, Wiener-Khintchine relations C.W. McCombie 472
24 Nyquist's theorem and its generalizations C.W. McCombie 489
25 Onsager relations C.W. McCombie 502
26 Stochastic methods', master equation and Fokker-Planck equation I. Oppenheim K. E. Shuler G.H. Weiss 511
27 Ergodic theory, H-theorems, recurrence problems D.ter Haar 531
28 Variational principles and minimum entropy production S. Simons 549
Macroscopic principles 549
Electron flow problems 557
Author index 563
Subject index 565
