Protein Bioseparation Using Ultrafiltration: Theory, Applications And New Developments

by Raja Ghosh

Overview

Ultrafiltration is a pressure-driven, membrane-based separation process, which is used for a broad variety of applications, ranging from the processing of biological macromolecules to wastewater treatment. It has significant advantages over competing separation technologies. Food and biotechnological applications account for nearly 40% of the current total usage of ultrafiltration membranes. Protein bioseparation is an important component of this application segment. Ultrafiltration is used for protein concentration, desalting, clarification and fractionation (i.e. protein-protein separation). Concentration, desalting and clarification are technologically less demanding and have been in used in the bioprocess industry for some time. Protein fractionation, on the other hand, is a challenging proposition and is definitely a more recent development. This book focuses primarily on protein fractionation.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781860943171
Publisher:	Imperial College Press
Publication date:	06/12/2003
Pages:	188
Product dimensions:	5.98(w) x 9.26(h) x 0.60(d)

Table of Contents

	Dedication	v
	Preface	vii
	Acknowledgements	ix
	List of Tables	xv
	List of Figures	xvii
Chapter 1	Protein Bioseparation: An Overview	1
1.1	Introduction	1
1.2	Proteins	1
1.3	Protein products	2
1.4	The requirement for protein bioseparation	3
1.5	Economic aspects of protein bioseparation	5
1.6	Protein bioseparation methods	5
Chapter 2	Ultrafiltration: An Overview	13
2.1	Introduction	13
2.2	Applications of ultrafiltration	13
2.3	Advantages of ultrafiltration	15
Chapter 3	Membranes	19
3.1	Introduction	19
3.2	Membrane material and chemistry	19
3.3	Membrane structure and morphology	21
3.4	Membrane preparation	23
3.5	Driving force in membrane separation processes	24
3.6	Membrane characterisation	26
Chapter 4	Membrane Module and Operation	33
4.1	Membrane elements and modules	33
4.2	Mode of operation	44
Chapter 5	Membrane Fouling	47
5.1	Introduction	47
5.2	Fouling mechanisms	48
5.3	Chemistry of adsorption	51
5.4	Initial and long-term fouling	52
5.5	Effect of concentration polarisation on fouling	54
5.6	Effect of permeate flux on fouling, and the critical flux concept	54
5.7	Effect of physicochemical parameters on fouling	54
Chapter 6	Permeate Flux in Ultrafiltration	57
6.1	Permeate flux	57
6.2	Enhancement of permeate flux	63
6.3	Fouling control	68
Chapter 7	Protein Transmission Through Ultrafiltration Membranes	75
7.1	Protein size	75
7.2	Protein transmission	75
Chapter 8	Selectivity of Protein Fractionation in Ultrafiltration	87
8.1	Selectivity	87
8.2	Enhancement of selectivity	89
Chapter 9	Protein Concentration	91
9.1	Introduction	91
9.2	Solute retention	92
9.3	Permeate flux and fouling in concentration processes	94
9.4	Modules	95
9.5	Mode of operation	96
9.6	Applications	101
Chapter 10	Diafiltration of Protein Solutions	105
10.1	Introduction	105
10.2	Permeate flux and fouling in diafiltration	105
10.3	Modules	107
10.4	Mode of operation	108
10.5	Applications	108
Chapter 11	Protein Clarification	111
11.1	Introduction	111
11.2	Protein transmission	111
11.3	Permeate flux and fouling in protein clarification	112
11.4	Particle transmission through UF membrane	112
11.5	Modules	113
11.6	Mode of operation	114
11.7	Applications	118
Chapter 12	Protein Fractionation	121
12.1	Introduction	121
12.2	Challenges facing ultrafiltration based protein fractionation	121
12.3	Selectivity enhancement	123
12.4	Thumb rules for protein fractionation	133
12.5	Application areas	135
Chapter 13	New Developments	145
13.1	New membranes	145
13.2	New membrane modules	146
13.3	Rapid process optimisation techniques	147
13.4	New modes of operation	148
Appendix A	Glossary of Membrane Terminology	155
Appendix B	List of Membrane Manufacturers	163
Appendix C	Websites of Membrane Related Academic and Research Institutions	165