Race and Gender in Modern Western Warfare

This book fills a gap in the historiographical and theoretical fields of race, gender, and war. In brief, Race and Gender in Modern Western Warfare (RGMWW) offers an introduction into how cultural constructions of identity are transformed by war and how they in turn influence the nature of military institutions and conflicts. Focusing on the modern West, this project begins by introducing the contours of race and gender theories as they have evolved and how they are employed by historians, anthropologists, sociologists, and other scholars. The project then mixes chronological narrative with analysis and historiography as it takes the reader through a series of case studies, ranging from the early nineteenth century to the Global War of Terror. The purpose throughout is not merely to create a list of so-called "great moments" in race and gender, but to create a meta-landscape in which readers can learn to identify for themselves the disjunctures, flaws, and critical synergies in the traditional memory and history of a largely monochrome and male-exclusive military experience. The final chapter considers the current challenges that Western societies, particularly the United States, face in imposing social diversity and tolerance on statist military structures in a climates of sometimes vitriolic public debate. RGMWW represents our effort to blend race, gender, and military war, to problematize these intersections, and then provide some answers to those problems.

"1128079634"
Race and Gender in Modern Western Warfare

This book fills a gap in the historiographical and theoretical fields of race, gender, and war. In brief, Race and Gender in Modern Western Warfare (RGMWW) offers an introduction into how cultural constructions of identity are transformed by war and how they in turn influence the nature of military institutions and conflicts. Focusing on the modern West, this project begins by introducing the contours of race and gender theories as they have evolved and how they are employed by historians, anthropologists, sociologists, and other scholars. The project then mixes chronological narrative with analysis and historiography as it takes the reader through a series of case studies, ranging from the early nineteenth century to the Global War of Terror. The purpose throughout is not merely to create a list of so-called "great moments" in race and gender, but to create a meta-landscape in which readers can learn to identify for themselves the disjunctures, flaws, and critical synergies in the traditional memory and history of a largely monochrome and male-exclusive military experience. The final chapter considers the current challenges that Western societies, particularly the United States, face in imposing social diversity and tolerance on statist military structures in a climates of sometimes vitriolic public debate. RGMWW represents our effort to blend race, gender, and military war, to problematize these intersections, and then provide some answers to those problems.

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Race and Gender in Modern Western Warfare

Race and Gender in Modern Western Warfare

Race and Gender in Modern Western Warfare

Race and Gender in Modern Western Warfare

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Overview

This book fills a gap in the historiographical and theoretical fields of race, gender, and war. In brief, Race and Gender in Modern Western Warfare (RGMWW) offers an introduction into how cultural constructions of identity are transformed by war and how they in turn influence the nature of military institutions and conflicts. Focusing on the modern West, this project begins by introducing the contours of race and gender theories as they have evolved and how they are employed by historians, anthropologists, sociologists, and other scholars. The project then mixes chronological narrative with analysis and historiography as it takes the reader through a series of case studies, ranging from the early nineteenth century to the Global War of Terror. The purpose throughout is not merely to create a list of so-called "great moments" in race and gender, but to create a meta-landscape in which readers can learn to identify for themselves the disjunctures, flaws, and critical synergies in the traditional memory and history of a largely monochrome and male-exclusive military experience. The final chapter considers the current challenges that Western societies, particularly the United States, face in imposing social diversity and tolerance on statist military structures in a climates of sometimes vitriolic public debate. RGMWW represents our effort to blend race, gender, and military war, to problematize these intersections, and then provide some answers to those problems.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9783110588798
Publisher: De Gruyter Oldenbourg
Publication date: 12/03/2018
Sold by: Barnes & Noble
Format: eBook
Pages: 441
Sales rank: 531,023
File size: 44 MB
Note: This product may take a few minutes to download.
Age Range: 18 Years

About the Author

David Ulbrich, Norwich University; Bobby A. Wintermute, Queens College-CUNY

Table of Contents

Foreword Dennis E. Showalter v

Preface ix

Acknowledgements xviii

1 Western Warfare as a Crucible for Constructions of Race and Gender 1

Scope and Conceptual Frameworks 1

The Origins of Race 3

What is Race? 9

What is Gender? 13

Gender Historiography 17

2 Race and Gender in the Nineteenth Century 21

Introduction 21

Gender and War before 1865 22

Women in Arms: Gender Inversion and Martial Identity 27

Nineteenth Century Race Theory (1800-1860) 33

The Mexican War and the American Civil War (1846-1865) 37

Gender in the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century 43

Nineteenth Century Race Theory (1850-1900) 45

Anti-Semitism before 1900 50

Conclusions 55

3 Race, Gender, and Warfare during New Imperialism 57

Introduction 57

British Concepts of Empire: Gender Identity 64

British Imperialism in India and Africa 68

American Exceptionalism at Play: Race and the Native American 75

Theodore Roosevelt and "The Strenuous Life" 80

The Spanish-American War 83

Pursuing Empire in Asia: The United States and the Philippines 90

Western Gender and Racial Exceptionalism in China 96

4 Gender and the First World War 101

Introduction 101

Overview 102

Gender Relations and Roles before the First World War 103

Wartime Nationalism and Masculinity in Europe's War: 1914-1916 113

The Death of Elan: The War's First Two Years (1914-1915) 114

The Rape of Belgium: The Nexus of Atrocity and Propaganda 121

Deflating Nationalisms and Destabilizing Masculinities, 1916-1918 125

Women and the War: The German Home Front, 1916-1919 127

Regulating Gender and Sexuality in Wartime 133

Morale and Discipline in the French and British Armies 138

The Male Body as Contested Terrain: Treating Wounds and Trauma 142

Homosociality and Same-Sex Relations in The First World War 146

Conclusion and Epilogue 149

5 Race and the First World War 151

Introduction 151

Race, War, and European Identity 152

Empire and War - The British Empire 155

Empire and War - France 159

Race and the American Expeditionary Force 169

Race and War: The Ottoman Empire 176

Race and War: Germany 179

Conclusion 184

6 Race and Gender on the Eastern Front and in the Pacific War 187

Introduction 187

Setting the Context - Planning for Operation Beibarossa 190

Wilhelmine and Reichwehr Antecendents for German Military Excesses 197

The Effects of Nazi ideology on the Military 200

The Nazi Way of War - Racialized Conflict without End 202

Pretexts for Racial and Gender Identities in Asia and the Pacific 207

American and Japanese Racisms during the Asia Pacific War 221

Conclusion 230

7 Gender and Race on the Homefronts in the Second World War 233

Introduction 233

Gender Relations between the World Wars 234

The Segal Model for Wartime Gender Integration 239

The Soviet Union 242

Germany 245

The United States 246

The Segal Model and Its Conclusions 250

Race and the American Military in Wartime, 1941-1945 252

Last Thoughts on the "Greatest Generation" Mythology 266

8 Race and Gender in the United States during the Early Cold War 269

Introduction 269

Gender and Race Between the Wars, 1945-1950 269

The Korean War: Fighting on Racial and Gender Fronts 276

Gender, Sexuality, and Race on the American Home Front, 1950-1960 285

Conclusion 296

9 Race and Gender During Decolonization 297

Introduction 297

The Historiography of Decolonization, Race, and Gender 298

Race, Gender, Insurgency, but not Marxism in Kenya 305

Race, Gender, Insurgency, and Ideology in Vietnam 310

Race, Gender, and Sexuality in the U.S. military during Vietnam 319

Conclusion 324

10 The Future of Race and Gender in Warfare 325

Recent Trends in Historiography 327

Sexual Assault and War 327

Genocide and War 338

LBGTQ Personnel and Military Service 342

Contemporary Considerations; Racial Intolerance and Sexual Assault in the US Military 346

Whither Gender and Race in Future Wars? 361

Where Should the Scholarship Go From Here? 365

Bibliography 369

Index 397

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