Table of Contents
Introduction: How to Use This Book v
Unit 1 How to Write an Introduction
l.l Structure 1
1.2 Grammar and Writing Skills 4
1.2.1 Tense pairs 4
1.2.2 Signalling language 7
1.2.3 Passive/Active 11
1.3 Writing Task: Build a Model 15
1.3.1 Building a model 15
1.3.2 Key 17
1.3.3 The model 24
1.3.4 Testing the Model 25
1.4 Vocabulary 32
1.4.1 Vocabulary for the Introduction 34
1.5 Writing an Introduction 41
1.5.1 Write an Introduction 41
1.5.2 Key 42
Unit 2 Writing about Methodology
2.1 Structure 44
2.2 Grammar and Writing Skills 46
2.2.1 Passives and tense pairs 47
2.2.2 Use of 'a' and 'the' 50
2.2.3 Adverbs and adverb location 56
2.3 Writing Task: Build a Model 57
2.3.1 Building a model 57
2.3.2 Key 59
2.3.3 The model 66
2.3.4 Testing the model 67
2.4 Vocabulary 75
2.4.1 Vocabulary task 76
2.4.2 Vocabulary for the Methodology section 77
2.5 Writing a Methodology Section 88
2.5.1 Write a Methodology section 88
2.5.2 Key 90
Unit 3 Writing about Results
3.1 Structure 91
3.2 Grammar and Writing Skills 94
3.2.1 Sequence 94
3.2.2 Frequency 99
3.2.3 Quantity 102
3.2.4 Causality 108
3.3 Writing Task: Build a Model 111
3.3.1 Building a model 111
3.3.2 Key 113
3.3.3 The model 122
3.3.4 Testing the model 124
3.4 Vocabulary 135
3.4.1 Vocabulary task 136
3.4.2 Vocabulary for the Results section 137
3.5 Writing a Results Section 149
3.5.1 Write a Results section 150
3.5.2 Key 151
Unit 4 Writing the Discussion/Conclusion
4.1 Structure 154
4.2 Grammar and Writing Skills 158
4.3 Writing Task: Build a Model 167
4.3.1 Building a model 167
4.3.2 Key 170
4.3.3 The model 179
4.3.4 Testing the model 180
4.4 Vocabulary 186
4.4.1 Vocabulary task 187
4.4.2 Vocabulary for the Discussion/Conclusion 187
4.5 Writing a Discussion/Conclusion 193
4.5.1 Write a Discussion/Conclusion 194
Unit 5 Writing the Abstract
5.1 Structure 197
5.2 Grammar and Writing Skills 201
5.2.1 Verb tense 201
5.2.2 Length 204
5.2.3 Language 204
5.3 Writing Task: Build a Model 205
5.3.1 Building a model 205
5.3.2 Key 206
5.3.3 The models 212
5.3.4 Testing the models 213
5.4 Vocabulary 216
5.4.1 Vocabulary task 217
5.4.2 Vocabulary for the Abstract 217
5.5 Writing an Abstract 221
5.5.1 Write an Abstract 221
5.5.2 Key 224
5.6 Creating a Tide 224
Sources and Credits 229
Useful Resources and Further Reading 231
Appendix A Abbreviations Used in Science Writing 233
Appendix B Prefixes Used in Science Writing 234
Appendix C Latin and Greek Singular and Plural Forms 239
Appendix D Useful Verbs 241
Index of Contents 243
Index of Vocabulary 245