Against the backdrop of China’s mounting influence and North Korea’s growing nuclear capability and expanding missile arsenal, South Korea faces a set of strategic choices that will shape its economic prospects and national security. In South Korea at the Crossroads, Scott A. Snyder examines the trajectory of fifty years of South Korean foreign policy and offers predictions—and a prescription—for the future. Pairing a historical perspective with a shrewd understanding of today’s political landscape, Snyder contends that South Korea’s best strategy remains investing in a robust alliance with the United States.
Snyder begins with South Korea’s effort in the 1960s to offset the risk of abandonment by the United States during the Vietnam War and the subsequent crisis in the alliance during the 1970s. A series of shifts in South Korean foreign relations followed: the “Nordpolitik” engagement with the Soviet Union and China at the end of the Cold War; Kim Dae Jung’s “Sunshine Policy,” designed to bring North Korea into the international community; “trustpolitik,” which sought to foster diplomacy with North Korea and Japan; and changes in South Korea’s relationship with the United States. Despite its rise as a leader in international financial, development, and climate-change forums, South Korea will likely still require the commitment of the United States to guarantee its security. Although China is a tempting option, Snyder argues that only the United States is both credible and capable in this role. South Korea remains vulnerable relative to other regional powers in northeast Asia despite its rising profile as a middle power, and it must balance the contradiction of desirable autonomy and necessary alliance.
Scott A. Snyder is senior fellow for Korea studies and director of the program on U.S.–Korea policy at the Council on Foreign Relations. He is coauthor of The Japan–South Korea Identity Clash: East Asian Security and the United States (Columbia, 2015) and author of Middle-Power Korea: Contributions to the Global Agenda (2015). Snyder was previously senior associate in the International Relations Program of the Asia Foundation, a specialist for the U.S. Institute of Peace, and an acting director of the Asia Society's Contemporary Affairs Program.
Table of Contents
List of Figures and Tables Preface 1. South Korea’s Strategic Choices 2. Strategic Choices Under Authoritarian Rule 3. Roh Tae-woo and Kim Young-sam: Nordpolitik and Democratization 4. Kim Dae-jung and the Sunshine Policy 5. Roh Moo-hyun’s Balancer Policy 6. Lee Myung-bak’s Global Korea Policy 7. Park Geun-hye’s Asian Paradox 8. The Paradox of South Korea’s Middle-Power Status 9. Korea Between the United States and China 10. Unification and Korean Strategic Choices Epilogue: South Korean Strategic Choices and the U.S.–South Korea Alliance Select Source Documents 1. Mutual Defense Treaty Between the United States and the Republic of Korea, 1953 2. Joint Statement of North and South, 1972 3. Inter-Korean Agreement on Reconciliation, Non-aggression, and Exchanges and Cooperation Between South and North Korea, 1991 4. South-North Joint Declaration, 2000 5. Declaration on the Advancement of South-North Korean Relations, Peace, and Prosperity, 2007 6. Joint Vision for the Alliance of the United States of America and the Republic of Korea, 2009 7. Joint Declaration in Commemoration of the 60th Anniversary of the Alliance Between the Republic of Korea and the United States of America, 2013 Chronology of Important Events in South Korean Strategic History Notes Select Bibliography Index
