Specialization and Complementation of Humoral Immune Responses to Infection / Edition 1

by Tim Manser

Overview

The importance of specific antibodies for the clearance of and long-term resistance to many infectious pathogens has long been appreciated. Moreover, the role in these processes of the different antibody heavy chain isotypes, each tailored to induce diverse effector pathways such as those mediated by complement and Fc receptors and to promote antibody localization in distinct regions of the body, is well established. Insights into the molecular mechanism of isotype class switching showed that during an immune response B cells could change the heavy chain of the antibody they produced, without influencing the structure and specificity of the antigen-binding variable regions of this antibody (Honjo 1983). More recently, the germinal center pathway of B cell development was elucidated, in which antibody variable regions undergo extensive structural alteration via hypermutation followed by stringent phenotypic selection (Berek 1992; Kelsoe 1995). Emerging from this pathway are memory B cells and long-lived antibody-forming cells that express antigen receptors and secrete antibodies, respectively, with increased affinity and specificity for the foreign antigen. Taken together, these findings led to a view of the acquisition of antibody-mediated resistance to infectious pathogens in mammals that involved extensive somatic matu- tion of antibody heavy and variable region structure and function during the immune response. This was in keeping with the concept that the B cell compartment comprises a major arm of the adaptive immune system. Such a view was reinforced by molecular analyses of antiviral antibody responses (Zinkernagel 1996).

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9783540738992
Publisher:	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publication date:	12/13/2007
Series:	Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology , #319
Edition description:	2008
Pages:	162
Product dimensions:	6.10(w) x 9.25(h) x 0.02(d)

Table of Contents

Pattern Recognition by B Cells: The Role of Antigen Repetitiveness Versus Toll-Like Receptors.- The Multifunctional Role of Antibodies in the Protective Response to Bacterial T Cell-Independent Antigens.- B Cell Lineage Contributions to Antiviral Host Responses.- The Important and Diverse Roles of Antibodies in the Host Response to Borrelia Infections.- A Distinct Role for B1b Lymphocytes in T Cell-Independent Immunity.- Secretory Immunity Following Mutans Strepoccal Infection or Immunization.