Table of Contents
Three Notes about Language 1
Part I A Day like No Other 3
1 "Those Monsters in Human Form" 5
The First New Yorkers 12
2 Stray Dogs and Pickpockets 15
Slavery in the North 22
Timeline: The End of Slavery in Northern States 24
3 A City Divided by Race 27
What Was Jim Crow? 31
4 "I Screamed Murder with All My Voice" 35
5 "You Will Sweat for This!" 37
6 An Admired Family 39
Frederick Douglass and the Black Press 44
Who Should Go to School? 46
7 A "Shameful" and "Loathsome" Issue 49
Trying to Make a Difference 55
William Lloyd Garrison and The Liberator 56
Horace Greeley and the New York Daily Tribune 57
8 A Future U.S. President 59
The Fugitive Slave Act 60
Chester A. Arthur: His Early Years 62
9 Elizabeth Jennings v. Third Avenue Railroad Company 65
Getting to Brooklyn 68
10 The Jury's Decision 71
Part II A Forgotten Hero 77
11 An Uncanny Similarity to Rosa Parks 79
12 What Happened to Elizabeth Jennings? 85
The Civil War Draft Riots 86
The First Free Kindergarten for Colored Children in New York City 88
13 How a Creepy Old House Led to the Writing of This Book 91
14 Retracing Her Footsteps 95
Postscript: Chester A. Arthur: Tragedy Leads to Presidency 101
Bibliography 105
Notes 113
Author's Note about Elizabeth Jennings's Age in 1854 121
Suggested Reading 123
Elizabeth Jennings's Life within a Historical Timeline 124
Important Locations 127
Acknowledgments 129
Illustrations 133
Index 137
About the Author 143