Table of Contents
Dedication vii
Acknowledgements ix
Introduction xi
I History and Philosophy 1
The Ritual Practice of Formal Exercises 1
The Influence of Korean History on Original Koryo and Koryo Poomsae 9
Foreign Influences on Taekwondo Formal Exercises 13
The Evolution of the Kwans 17
The Globalization of Taekwondo 28
The Creation of Modern Taekwondo Poomsae 37
Philosophical Considerations of Modern Taekwondo Poomsae 44
Attributes and Technical Performance of Taekwondo Poomsae 47
Instructional Methodology 48
II Technical Elements of Original Koryo and Koryo 53
Stances 53
Blocks 59
Kicks 65
Strikes 67
III Original Koryo Poomsae 73
Line of Technical Motion 74
Ready Position (Parallel Stance)-Joonbi (Naranhi Seogi) 74
Slightly Extended Left Knife Hand Middle Block - Wen Jogum Neulligi Sonnal Momtong Makki 75
Right Four Knuckle Fist Strike-Orun Pyung Chumok Jireugi 75
Right Side Kick/Side Hammer Fist Strike-Orun Yop Chagi/Yop Me Chumok Jireugi 76
Low X Block-Otgolo Arae Makki 77
Right Hand High Block-Orun Olgool Makki 77
Left Four Knuckle Fist Strike-Wen Pyung Chumok Jireugi 78
Right Single Knife Hand Outside Middle Block/Reverse Punch-Orun Bakkat Hansonnal Momtong Makki/Bandae Jireugi 79
Open Hand Head Grab/Left Knee Kick-Mori Japgo/Moorub Chigi 80
Low X Block-Otgolo Arae Makki 81
Inner Arm Spread Middle Block-Anpalmok Momtong Hechyo Makki 81
Extend Left Hand to Grab Opponent-Wen Son Neulligi 82
Right Round Elbow Strike/Left Single Knife Hand Low Block-Orun Dollyo Palgub Chigi/Wen Hansonnal Arae Makki 83
Right Single Knife Hand Outside Middle Block-Orun Bakkat Hansonnal Momtong Makki 84
Right Inside Middle Block-Orun Ahn Momtong Makki 84
Left Inside Middle Block-Wen Ahn Momtong Makki 85
Right Back Fist Strike-Orun Doong Chumok Chigi 86
Left Outside Knife Hand High Block-Wen Bakkat Sonnal Olgool Makki 87
Left Front Kick-Wen Ap Chagi 88
Jumping Front Kick-Twio Ap Chagi 89
Double Middle Punch-Doobal Momtong Jireugi 90
Ready Position (Parallel Stance)-Joonbi (Naranhi Seogi) 91
IV Koryo Poomsae 93
Line of Technical Motion 94
Ready Position (Parallel Stance)-Joonbi (Naranhi Seogi) 94
Barrel Pushing Ready Stance-Tong Milgi Joonbi Seogi 95
Left Knife Hand Middle Block-Wen Sonnal Momtong Makki 95
Double Side Kick (Right Low Side Kick/Right High Side Kick)-Right Outside Knife Hand Strike-Kodeup Yop Chagi (Orun Arae Yop Chagi/Orun Olgool Yop Chagi) Orun Sonnal Bakkat Chigi 96
Reverse Middle Punch-Bandae Jireugi 97
Right Inside Middle Block-Orun Ahn Momtong Makki 98
Right Knife Hand Middle Block-Sonnal Momtong Makki 98
Double Side Kick (Left Low Side Kick/Left High Side Kick) Left Outside Knife Hand Strike-Kodeup Yop Chagi (Wen Arae Yop Chagi/Wen Olgool Yop Chagi) Wen Sonnal Bakkat Chigi 99
Reverse Middle Punch-Bandae Jireugi 100
Left Inside Middle Block-Wen Ahn Momtong Makki 101
Left Single Knife Hand Low Block/Right Tiger Mouth Thrust-Wen Hansonnal Arae Makki/Orun Agwison Kaljaebi 102
Right Front Kick/Right Single Knife Hand Low Block/Left Tiger Mouth Thrust-Orun Ap Chagi/Orun Hansonnal Arae Makki/Wen Agwison Kaljaebi 103
Left Front Kick/Left Single Knife Hand Low Block/Right Tiger Mouth Thrust-Wen Ap Chagi/Wen Hansonnal Arae Makki/Orun Agwison Kaljaebi 104
Right Front Kick/Knee Break-Orun Ap Chagi/Moorub Kkukki 106
Inner Arm Spread Middle Block-Ahn Palmok Momtong Hechyo Makki 107
Left Front Kick/Knee Break-Wen Ap Chagi/Moorub Kkukki 108
Inner Arm Spread Middle Block-Anpalmok Momtong Hechyo Makki 109
Left Outside Single Knife Hand Middle Block-Wen Hansonnal Bakkat Momtong Makki 110
Right Target Punch-Orun Chumok Pyojeok Jireugi 111
Right Forward Cross Stance/Left Side Kick/Left Low Spear Hand Strike (Palm Up)-Orun Koa Seogi/Wen Yop Chagi/Wen Pyeonsonkeut Jecheo Jireugi 112
Right Low Block-Orun Arae Makki 114
Left Palm Heel Block/Right Side Elbow Attack-Wen Batangson Nullomakki/Orun Palgub Yop Chigi 114
Right Single Outside Knife Hand Middle Block-Orun Hansonnal Bakkat Momtong Makki 116
Left Target Punch-Wen Chumok Pyojeok Jireugi 117
Left Forward Cross Stance/Right Side Kick/Right Low Spear Hand Strike (Palm Up)-Wen Koa Seogi/Orun Yop Chagi/Orun Pyeonsonkeut Jecheo Jireugi 118
Left Low Block-Wen Arae Makki 119
Right Palm Heel Block/Left Side Elbow Attack-Orun Batangson Nullomakki/Wen Palgub Yop Chigi 120
Left Hammer Fist Target Strike-Wen Me Chumok Arae Pyojeok Chigi 122
Left Outside Knife Hand Strike/Left Knife Hand Low Block-Wen Hansonnal Bakkat Chigi/Wen Hansonnal Arae Makki 124
Right Inside Knife Hand Strike/Right Knife Hand Low Block-Orun Hansonnal Bakkat Chigi/Orun Hansonnal Arae Makki 126
Left Inside Knife Hand Strike/Knife Hand Low Block-Wen Hansonnal Bakkat Chigi/Hansonnal Arae Makki 127
Right Tiger Mouth Thrust-Orun Agwison Kaljaebi 128
Barrel Pushing Ready Stance-Tong Milgi Joonbi Seogi 129
Return to Ready Position (Parallel Stance)-Joonbi (Naranhi Seogi) 129
V Original Koryo Combat Applications 133
Combat Application 1 133
Right Side Kick/Side Hammer Fist Strike-Orun Yop Chagi/Yop Me Chumok Jireugi 133
Low X Block-Otgolo Arae Makki 134
Combat Application 2 135
Open Hand Head Grab/Left Knee Kick-Mori Japgo/Moorub Chigi 135
Low X Block-Otgolo Arae Makki 136
Combat Application 3 136
Extend Left Hand to Grab Elbow-Wen Son Neulligi 136
Right Round Elbow Strike/Left Single Knife Hand Low Block-Orun Dollyo Palgub Chigi/Wen Sonnal Arae Makki 137
Combat Application 4 138
Right Back Fist Strike-Orun Doong Chumok Chigi 138
Left Outside Knife Hand High Block-Wen Bakkat Sonnal Olgool Makki 139
Left Front Kick-Wen Ap Chagi 140
VI Koryo Combat Applications 141
Combat Application 1 141
Left Knife Hand Middle Block-Wen Sonnal Momtong Makki 141
Double Side Kick (Right Low Side Kick/Right High Side Kick) Right Outside Knife Hand Strike-Kodeup Yop Chagi (Orun Arae Yop Chagi/Orun Olgool Yop Chagi) Orun Sonnal Bakkat Chigi 142
Reverse Middle Punch-Bandae Jireugi 143
Right Inside Middle Block-Orun Ahn Momtong Makki 144
Combat Application 2 145
Right Front Kick/Knee Break-Orun Ap Chagi/Moorub Kkukki 145
Combat Application 3 146
Left Outside Single Knife Hand Middle Block-Wen Hansonnal Bakkat Momtong Makki 146
Right Target Hook Punch-Orun Chumok Pyojeok Chigi 147
Combat Application 4 148
Right Forward Cross Stance/Left Side Kick/Left Low Spear Hand Strike (Palm Up)-Orun Koa Seogi/Wen Yop Chagi/Wen Pyeonsonkeut Jecheo Jireugi 148
Right Low Block-Orun Arae Makki 149
VII Reflections on the Maturation of Martial Skill 153
Appendices 159
A USTA Poomsae Competition Rules 159
B Glossary 171
C English/Korean Translations for Taekwondo Terms 175
Bibliography and Sources 181
Organization Web Sites and Addresses 182
Index 183
About the Authors 189
Grandmaster Richard Chun 189
Master Doug Cook 190
