The Arab Lands under Ottoman Rule: 1516-1800 / Edition 2

by Jane Hathaway

Overview

The Arab Lands under Ottoman Rule assesses the effects of Ottoman rule on the Arab Lands of Egypt, Greater Syria, Iraq, and Yemen between 1516 and 1800.

Drawing attention to the important history of these regions, the book challenges outmoded perceptions of this period as a demoralizing prelude to the rise of Arab nationalism and Arab nation-states in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. As well as exploring political events and developments, it delves into the extensive social, cultural, and economic changes that helped to shape the foundations of today's modern Middle and Near East. In doing so, it provides a detailed view of society, incorporating all socio-economic classes, as well as women, religious minorities, and slaves. This second edition has been significantly revised and updated and reflects the developments in research and scholarship since the publication of the first edition.

Engaging with a wide range of primary sources and enhanced by a variety of maps and images to illustrate the text, The Arab Lands under Ottoman Rule is a unique and essential resource for students of early modern Ottoman history and the early modern Middle East.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781138643444
Publisher:	Taylor & Francis
Publication date:	12/10/2019
Series:	A History of the Near East
Edition description:	2nd ed.
Pages:	316
Product dimensions:	6.12(w) x 9.19(h) x (d)

About the Author

Jane Hathaway is Arts and Sciences Distinguished Professor of History at Ohio State University. Her previous publications include The Politics of Households in Ottoman Egypt: The Rise of the Qazdağlis (1997); A Tale of Two Factions: Myth, Memory, and Identity in Ottoman Egypt and Yemen (2003); Beshir Agha, Chief Eunuch of the Ottoman Imperial Harem (2006); and The Chief Eunuch of the Ottoman Harem: From African Slave to Power-Broker (2018).

Table of Contents

Acknowledgements     x
Note on Transliteration and Dates     xii
List of Figures     xiv
List of Maps     xv
Introduction: Rewriting Arab History, 1516-1800     1
Why The Arab Lands under Ottoman Rule?     2
Sources for the study of the Ottoman Arab lands     5
'Decline' and decentralization     7
State and society     9
Local notables and localization     12
Households     13
Households and localization     14
Artisans     16
Rural populations     17
Marginal populations     18
Conclusion     21
Land and Peoples     23
Regions and nomenclature     23
Geographical features     25
Peoples     27
Religious minorities     29
Conclusion     34
The Ottoman Conquest of the Arab Lands     35
The rise of the Ottomans     35
The Mamluk sultanate (1250-1517)     36
The Safavids     37
The Portuguese     38
Conquest of the Mamluks     39
Suleyman I's conquest of Iraq     40
Yemen     41
North Africa     44
Conclusion     44
The Organization of the Ottoman Provincial Administration     46
Relations with the conquered population     46
Administrative subdivisions     48
Land tenure     49
The nature of Ottoman rule in Egypt     51
Early challenges to Ottoman rule     52
Crisis and Change in the Seventeenth Century     59
The 'decline' paradigm     59
The crisis of the seventeenth century     62
Kuls and Osman II     64
Janissary hegemony in the Arab provinces     67
Jelali governors and their equivalents     69
The loss of Yemen     75
The Koprulu reforms     76
Provincial Notables in the Eighteenth Century     79
Ayan     79
The ayan household     81
Georgian mamluks in ayan households     98
Women in the household     99
African eunuchs and ayan households     102
Ayan architecture     107
Conclusion     112
Religious and Intellectual Life     114
The ulema     115
Sufism     126
The ulema in social protest      131
The ulema as intellectuals     132
Conclusion     136
Urban Life and Trade     138
Arab provincial cities     138
Government regulation of markets     147
Long-distance trade     154
The Red Sea coffee trade and its cultural effects     162
Conclusion     167
Rural Life     169
Land tenure     169
Village life     172
Tribes     180
Conclusion     186
Marginal Groups and Minority Populations     188
Religious minorities     189
Non-elite slavery     200
Women     202
The poor and disabled     209
Conclusion     211
Ideological and Political Changes in the Late Eighteenth Century     213
'Neo-Sufism'     214
Wahhabism     217
The crisis of Selim III's reign (1789-1807)     219
Conclusion: Transformations Under Ottoman Rule     228
The effects of Ottoman rule     228
The Ottoman Arab provinces after 1800     234
The Ottomans and the world     237
The question of nationalist historiographies     244
Present-day relevance     247
Bibliographical Essay     249
Ottoman Sultans to 1839     285
Political Chronology     286
Glossary     295
Index     311

Editorial Reviews

'I am very pleased to see a new edition of The Arab Lands under Ottoman Rule, 1516-1800, an essential text for courses on the history of the Ottoman Empire and the early modern Middle East. In addition to introducing readers to the political structure and developments in the region, this clearly written and engaging text offers rich descriptions of the social and cultural lives of a wide range of people in the Arab provinces of the Ottoman Empire. ​Hathaway's revisions include the careful incorporation of recent scholarship and restructuring of several chapters; her expansion of the discussion about ​non-normative populations, which is now two chapters, is especially welcome.'

Corinne Blake, Rowan University, USA.

From the Publisher