The Boundaries of Ethnicity: German Immigration and the Language of Belonging in Ontario

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, European settlers from diverse backgrounds transformed Ontario. By 1881, German speakers made up almost ten per cent of the province’s population and the German language was spoken in businesses, public schools, churches, and homes. German speakers in Ontario – children, parents, teachers, and religious groups – used their everyday practices and community institutions to claim a space for bilingualism and religious diversity within Canadian society.

In The Boundaries of Ethnicity Benjamin Bryce considers what it meant to be German in Ontario between 1880 and 1930. He explores how the children of immigrants acquired and negotiated the German language and how religious communities relied on language to reinforce social networks. For the Germans who make up the core of this study, the distinction between insiders and outsiders was often unclear. Boundaries were crossed as often as they were respected. German ethnicity in this period was fluid, and increasingly interventionist government policies and the dynamics of generational change also shaped the boundaries of ethnicity.

German speakers, together with immigrants from other countries and Canadians of different ethnic backgrounds, created a framework that defined relationships between the state, the public sphere, ethnic spaces, family, and religion in Canada that would persist through the twentieth century. The Boundaries of Ethnicity uncovers some of the origins of Canadian multiculturalism and government attempts to manage this diversity.

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The Boundaries of Ethnicity: German Immigration and the Language of Belonging in Ontario

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, European settlers from diverse backgrounds transformed Ontario. By 1881, German speakers made up almost ten per cent of the province’s population and the German language was spoken in businesses, public schools, churches, and homes. German speakers in Ontario – children, parents, teachers, and religious groups – used their everyday practices and community institutions to claim a space for bilingualism and religious diversity within Canadian society.

In The Boundaries of Ethnicity Benjamin Bryce considers what it meant to be German in Ontario between 1880 and 1930. He explores how the children of immigrants acquired and negotiated the German language and how religious communities relied on language to reinforce social networks. For the Germans who make up the core of this study, the distinction between insiders and outsiders was often unclear. Boundaries were crossed as often as they were respected. German ethnicity in this period was fluid, and increasingly interventionist government policies and the dynamics of generational change also shaped the boundaries of ethnicity.

German speakers, together with immigrants from other countries and Canadians of different ethnic backgrounds, created a framework that defined relationships between the state, the public sphere, ethnic spaces, family, and religion in Canada that would persist through the twentieth century. The Boundaries of Ethnicity uncovers some of the origins of Canadian multiculturalism and government attempts to manage this diversity.

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The Boundaries of Ethnicity: German Immigration and the Language of Belonging in Ontario

The Boundaries of Ethnicity: German Immigration and the Language of Belonging in Ontario

by Benjamin Bryce
The Boundaries of Ethnicity: German Immigration and the Language of Belonging in Ontario

The Boundaries of Ethnicity: German Immigration and the Language of Belonging in Ontario

by Benjamin Bryce

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Overview

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, European settlers from diverse backgrounds transformed Ontario. By 1881, German speakers made up almost ten per cent of the province’s population and the German language was spoken in businesses, public schools, churches, and homes. German speakers in Ontario – children, parents, teachers, and religious groups – used their everyday practices and community institutions to claim a space for bilingualism and religious diversity within Canadian society.

In The Boundaries of Ethnicity Benjamin Bryce considers what it meant to be German in Ontario between 1880 and 1930. He explores how the children of immigrants acquired and negotiated the German language and how religious communities relied on language to reinforce social networks. For the Germans who make up the core of this study, the distinction between insiders and outsiders was often unclear. Boundaries were crossed as often as they were respected. German ethnicity in this period was fluid, and increasingly interventionist government policies and the dynamics of generational change also shaped the boundaries of ethnicity.

German speakers, together with immigrants from other countries and Canadians of different ethnic backgrounds, created a framework that defined relationships between the state, the public sphere, ethnic spaces, family, and religion in Canada that would persist through the twentieth century. The Boundaries of Ethnicity uncovers some of the origins of Canadian multiculturalism and government attempts to manage this diversity.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780228014898
Publisher: McGill-Queens University Press
Publication date: 11/15/2022
Series: McGill-Queen's Studies in Ethnic History
Sold by: Barnes & Noble
Format: eBook
Pages: 264
File size: 6 MB

About the Author

Benjamin Bryce is associate professor of history at the University of British Columbia.
Benjamin Bryce is associate professor of history, University of British Columbia, and the author of To Belong in Buenos Aires.

Table of Contents

Figures and Tables ix

Acknowledgments xi

A Note on the Cover Image xiv

Introduction: The Boundaries of Ethnicity 3

1 The State and Ethnicity 27

1 Making English Canada: French and German Schools in Ontario 30

2 Being German during the First World War 62

2 Making Ethnic Spaces 91

3 Teaching Language, Teaching Religion: St Jerome's and Waterloo Lutheran Colleges 94

4 The Boundaries of Religion: German Lutheranism in Ontario and the United States 115

3 Ethnic Practice 141

5 The Language of Religion: Children and Denominational Identity 145

6 The Rise of Bilingualism 163

Conclusion: Citizenship, Ethnicity, and Pluralism 177

Notes 185

Bibliography 215

Index 239

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