The Digital Reconstruction of Healthcare: Transitioning from Brick and Mortar to Virtual Care

by Paul Cerrato, John Halamka

Overview

The complex challenges facing healthcare require innovative solutions that can make patient care more effective, easily available, and affordable. One such solution is the digital reconstruction of medicine that transitions much of patient care from hospitals, clinics, and offices to a variety of virtual settings. This reconstruction involves telemedicine, hospital-at-home services, mobile apps, remote sensing devices, clinical data analytics, and other cutting-edge technologies. The Digital Reconstruction of Healthcare: Transitioning from Brick and Mortar to Virtual Care takes a deep dive into these tools and how they can transform medicine to meet the unique needs of patients across the globe.

This book enables readers to peer into the very near future and prepare them for the opportunities afforded by the digital shift in healthcare. It is also a wake-up call to readers who are less than enthusiastic about these digital tools and helps them to realize the cost of ignoring these tools. It is written for a wide range of medical professionals including:

• Physicians, nurses, and entrepreneurs who want to understand how to use or develop digital products and services
• IT managers who need to fold these tools into existing computer networks at hospitals, clinics, and medical offices
• Healthcare executives who decide how to invest in these platforms and products
• Insurers who need to stay current on the latest trends and the evidence to support their cost effectiveness

Filled with insights from international experts, this book also features Dr. John Halamka’s lessons learned from years of international consulting with government officials on digital health. It also taps into senior research analyst Paul Cerrato’s expertise in AI, data analytics, and machine learning. Combining these lessons learned with an in-depth analysis of clinical informatics research, this book aims to separate hyped AI "solutions" from evidence-based digital tools. Together, these two pillars support the contention that these technologies can, in fact, help solve many of the seemingly intractable problems facing healthcare providers and patients.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780367555979
Publisher:	CRC Press
Publication date:	06/08/2021
Series:	HIMSS Book Series
Pages:	150
Product dimensions:	6.12(w) x 9.19(h) x (d)

About the Author

Paul Cerrato, MA, is a senior research analyst at the Mayo Clinic. He has more than 30 years of experience working in healthcare as a medical journalist, research analyst, clinician, and educator. He has written extensively on clinical medicine, clinical decision support, electronic health records, protected health information security, and practice management. He has served as the Editor of InformationWeek Healthcare, Executive Editor of Contemporary OB/GYN, Senior Editor of RN Magazine, and contributing writer/editor for the Yale University School of Medicine, the American Academy of Pediatrics, InformationWeek, Medscape, Healthcare Finance News, IMedicalapps.com, and MedpageToday. The Health Information Management Systems Society (HIMSS) has listed Mr. Cerrato as one of the most influential columnists in healthcare IT. He has served as a guest lecturer or faculty member at the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Harvard Medical School, and Vermont College. Among his achievements are 6 editorial awards from the American Business Media—often referred to as the Pulitzer Prize of business journalism—and the Gold Award from the American Society of Healthcare Publications Editors for best signed editorial.

John D. Halamka, MD, MS, president of the Mayo Clinic Platform, leads a portfolio of new digital platform businesses focused on transforming health by leveraging artificial intelligence, machine learning, and an ecosystem of partners for the Mayo Clinic. He is a practicing emergency medicine physician. Previously, Dr. Halamka was executive director of the Health Technology Exploration Center for Beth Israel Lahey Health in Massachusetts. Previously, he was chief information officer at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center for more than 20 years. In addition, he was the International Healthcare Innovation Professor at Harvard Medical School. As the leader for innovation at the $7 billion Beth Israel Lahey Health, he oversaw digital health relationships with industry, academia, and government worldwide. As a Harvard Medical School professor, he served the George W. Bush administration, the Obama administration, and governments around the world planning their health care information (IT) strategies. In his role at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Dr. Halamka was responsible for all clinical, financial, administrative, and academic IT.

Table of Contents

Preface xiii

When Technology, Policy, and the Urgency to Change Converge xiii

References xv

Acknowledgments xvii

About the Authors xix

Chapter 1 Is Digital Reconstruction Necessary? 1

Reviewing the Evidence on Effectiveness 2

Episodic Medical Care Often Falls Short 5

Diagnostic Errors, Inadequate Infrastructure 6

Digital Health During Times of Crisis 7

References 8

Chapter 2 The Merits and Limitations of Telemedicine, Hospital at Home, and Remote Patient Monitoring 11

Telemedicine's Dramatic Growth 12

Making Informed Telemed Choices 15

Examining the Scientific Evidence 16

Telemedicine's Limitations and Obstacles 19

Remote Patient Monitoring 20

Hospital at Home 24

References 31

Chapter 3 The Digital Assault on COVID-19 35

Developing Better Predictive and Diagnostic Tools 36

Growing the Knowledge Base 39

A Holistic Approach to the Pandemic 40

The COVID-19 Healthcare Coalition 41

References 42

Chapter 4 Entering the Age of Big Data and Al-Assisted Medicine 45

Diabetes 46

Cardiovascular Disease 47

Cancer 51

Gastroenterology 53

Psychiatry 54

When Correlation Implies Causality 57

The Future Belongs to Advanced Data Analytics 58

Addressing Criticisms 60

References 61

Chapter 5 Exploring the Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning Toolbox 65

Building on a Firm Foundation 65

Artificial Neural Networks 67

Random Forest Modeling 67

Gradient Boosting 75

Clustering 77

Linear and Logistic Regression 80

Putting AI/ML Tools to Good Use 82

Can You Construct Reality by Building Computer Models? 84

References 88

Chapter 6 The Transformative Impact of Conversational Technologies 91

Natural Language Processing: Strengths and Weaknesses 91

Using Voice Recognition to Improve the Diagnostic Process 93

Patient-Facing Vocal Technology 97

Fighting Misinformation with Truth and Trust 98

References 101

Chapter 7 Securing the Future of Digital Health 105

Comprehensive Risk Analysis 106

Preventing Cyberattacks 108

Understanding the Basic Precautionary Steps 110

Hackers Also Do Their Due Diligence 113

Beware the Internet of Medical Things 114

References 116

Chapter 8 The Digital Reconstruction of Global Health 117

Addressing the Needs of Low-Resource Nations 122

There's No Stopping the Digital Reconstruction of Healthcare 123

References 124

Index 127