The Fate of Reason: German Philosophy from Kant to Fichte

by Frederick C. Beiser

Overview

The Fate of Reason is the first general history devoted to the period between Kant and Fichte, one of the most revolutionary and fertile in modern philosophy. The philosophers of this time broke with the two central tenets of the modern Cartesian tradition: the authority of reason and the primacy of epistemology. They also witnessed the decline of the Aufklärung, the completion of Kant’s philosophy, and the beginnings of post-Kantian idealism.

Thanks to Frederick C. Beiser we can newly appreciate the influence of Kant’s critics on the development of his philosophy. Beiser brings the controversies, and the personalities who engaged in them, to life and tells a story that has uncanny parallels with the debates of the present.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780674261976
Publisher:	Harvard University Press
Publication date:	10/15/1993
Sold by:	Barnes & Noble
Format:	eBook
Pages:	410
File size:	975 KB

About the Author

Frederick C. Beiser is Professor of Philosophy at Syracuse University.

Table of Contents

Cover Title page Copyright Contents Introduction Hamann's Historical and Philosophical Significance The London Conversion and Its Philosophical Consequences The Summer of 1759: The Stirrings of the Sturm und Drang The Sokratische Denkwurdigkeiten Kant, Hamann, and the Optimism Controversy The Kinderphysik Fiasco Aesthetica in nuce and Eighteenth-Century Aesthetics The "Metakritik": Genesis, Contents, and Consequences The Historical Significance of the Pantheism Controversy The Rise of Spinozism in Germany, 1680-1786 The Dispute over Lessing's Spinozism The Philosophical Significance of the Controversy Jacobi's First Critique of Reason Jacobi's Second Critique of Reason Jacobi's Defense of Faith Mendelssohn's Place in the History of Philosophy In Defense of Reason Mendelssohn's Nightmare, or, the Method of Orientation The Critique of Spinozism and Purified Pantheism Mendelssohn's Covert Critique of Kant Thomas Wizenmann's Resultate Kant's Contribution to the Pantheism Controversy Wizenmann's Reply to Kant Jacobi's Attack on Kant Herder and the Eighteenth-Century Philosophy of Mind Herder on the Origin of Language Hamann and Herder's Debate over the Origin of Language Herder's Genetic Method The Principles of Herder's Vitalism Kant's Quarrel with Herder The Kant-Herder Controversy and the Origins of the Third Kritik Herder and the Pantheism Controversy Popularphilosophie: A Sketch of a Movement Highlights of the Lockean Campaign against Kant The Garve Affair Two Early Critics: C. G. Selle and D. Tiedemann The Lockean Ringleader, J. G. Feder Feder's Circle: A. G. Tittel and A. Weishaupt The Good Pastor Pistorius Leitmotivs of the Wolffian Campaign Revolution versus Reaction The Wolffian Defense of Metaphysics The Thorn in Kant's Side, J. A. Ulrich The Scrooge of Tiibingen, J. F.Flatt Platner's Meta-Critical Skepticism The Eberhard Controversy The Consequences of the Wolffian Campaign Reinhold's Historical Significance Reinhold's Early Quarrel with Kant Reinhold's Briefe and Conversion to the Critical Philosophy The Path toward the Elementarphilosophie Reinhold's Critique of Kant and the Aims of the Elementarphilosophie Reinhold's Methodology Reinhold's Phenomenological Project Reinhold's Proposition of Consciousness and the New Theory of Representation The Crisis of the Elementarphilosophie Schulze's Historical Significance and Influence Schulze's Meta-Critical Skepticism The Critique of Reinhold The Meta-Critique of Kant Strengths and Weaknesses of Schulze's Skepticism Maimon's Historical Significance and the Question of the Unity of His Thought Maimon's Skepticism The Idea of an Infinite Understanding The Theory of Differentials The New Theory of Space and Time The Critical Middle Path The Elimination of the Thing-in-itself Maimon's Transcendental Logic The Principle of Determinability Maimon's Controversy with Reinhold Maimon versus Schulze Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index

What People are Saying About This

Robert Brandom

The story Beiser's book tells is an absolutely crucial one for anyone who wants to understand Hegel. More than that, the epistemological and metaphiosophical crises it relates are of considerable general contemporary interest. It can and should be read with profit by philosophers with no antecedent interest in German philosophy of the time. I found it very exciting a 'cracking good read' of the sort one finds too seldom in intellectual history.

— Robert Brandom, University of Pittsburgh

This treatment of a neglected chapter in the history of philosophy ranks in thoroughness with the best German sources and is philosophically acute enough to engage the Englishspeaking philosophical reader. The book is very well written and holds the reader's interest extremely well. Beiser has a talent for seeing the lasting philosophical substance behind disputes couched in the language and problems of another age and culture. The mixture of well--handled philosophical substance and fascinating historical detail will make the book attractive to a wide variety of readers.

Paul Guyer

This is a unique, original, and important work. It undertakes a project never before attempted in English, nor likely soon to be attempted again; nor is there, at least as far as I know, any comparable twentieth, century work in German. This is not, however, because everyone else has thought better of the idea; it can only be because anyone else who ever considered it has been daunted by the magnitude of the task involved. What Beiser has written is the history of German philosophy in the epoch of Kant, a history focused primarily on the issue of the authority of reason. There is a great unity to Beiser's treatment: it presents a picture of a whole generation of philosophical activity in all its richness, greater fish as well as lesser ones included. [The account] is fascinating, because it has rarely been attempted at all and because this generation of German philosophy is the first such generation of professional, university-oriented philosophy in modern times. Thus, Beiser gives us a wonderful glimpse into the origin of our profession as such. The richness of the fabric, the detailed presentation of the views, makes [the movements treated] come alive.

— Paul Guyer, University of Pennsylvania

Allen Wood

This treatment of a neglected chapter in the history of philosophy ranks in thoroughness with the best German sources and is philosophically acute enough to engage the Englishspeaking philosophical reader. The book is very well written and holds the reader's interest extremely well. Beiser has a talent for seeing the lasting philosophical substance behind disputes couched in the language and problems of another age and culture. The mixture of well--handled philosophical substance and fascinating historical detail will make the book attractive to a wide variety of readers.

Editorial Reviews

In undertaking this survey of the course pursued by German philosophy during the concluding decades of the eighteenth century, Frederick C. Beiser has produced a far-ranging and carefully documented contribution to the history of ideas… [A] scholarly, richly illustrated and well-integrated account of a fascinating moment in the history of thought.

Times Literary Supplement - Patrick Gardiner

The story Beiser’s book tells is an absolutely crucial one for anyone who wants to understand Hegel. More than that, the epistemological and metaphilosophical crises it relates are of considerable general contemporary interest. It can and should be read with profit by philosophers with no antecedent interest in German philosophy of the time. I found it very exciting a—‘cracking good read’ of the sort one finds too seldom in intellectual history.

Robert Brandom

[The Fate of Reason] is a model of lucidity and ease of style, and these are traits which will certainly make it excellent reading for the general reader. But its freedom from pedantry only accentuates the formidably complete knowledge of the period on which it is based. The book offers a genuine contribution to the interpretation of the development of German Idealism, and for this it will also become an important source book for the specialist.

Journal of the History of Philosophy - George Di Giovanni

[Beiser’s] analysis of the period is by far the most thorough to date, and it is certainly one that everyone seriously interested in the history of modern philosophy should read.

Philosophical Review - Karl Ameriks

This is a unique, original, and important work. It undertakes a project never before attempted in English, nor likely soon to be attempted again; nor is there, at least as far as I know, any comparable twentieth-century work in German. This is not, however, because everyone else has thought better of the idea; it can only be because anyone else who ever considered it has been daunted by the magnitude of the task involved. What Beiser has written is the history of German philosophy in the epoch of Kant, a history focused primarily on the issue of the authority of reason. There is a great unity to Beiser’s treatment: it presents a picture of a whole generation of philosophical activity in all its richness, greater fish as well as lesser ones included. [The account] is fascinating, because it has rarely been attempted at all and because this generation of German philosophy is the first such generation of professional, university-oriented philosophy in modern times. Thus, Beiser gives us a wonderful glimpse into the origin of our profession as such. The richness of the fabric, the detailed presentation of the views, makes [the movements treated] come alive.

Paul Guyer

This treatment of a neglected chapter in the history of philosophy ranks in thoroughness with the best German sources and is philosophically acute enough to engage the English-speaking philosophical reader. The book is very well written and holds the reader’s interest extremely well. Beiser has a talent for seeing the lasting philosophical substance behind disputes couched in the language and problems of another age and culture. The mixture of well-handled philosophical substance and fascinating historical detail will make the book attractive to a wide variety of readers.

Allen Wood

[This book] will undoubtedly serve as an authoritative reference work in its field for many years to come and [it] deserves to be read by anyone interested in the history of German philosophy ‘after Kant’… There exists no better or more reliable guide to the ‘era’ in question than Beiser’s The Fate of Reason. Every student of post-Kantian German philosophy will want to own this book.

The Owl of Minerva - Daniel Breazeale

[The Fate of Reason] is a model of lucidity and ease of style, and these are traits which will certainly make it excellent reading for the general reader. But its freedom from pedantry only accentuates the formidably complete knowledge of the period on which it is based. The book offers a genuine contribution to the interpretation of the development of German Idealism, and for this it will also become an important source book for the specialist.--George Di Giovanni "Journal of the History of Philosophy"

[Beiser's] analysis of the period is by far the most thorough to date, and it is certainly one that everyone seriously interested in the history of modern philosophy should read.--Karl Ameriks "Philosophical Review"

[This book] will undoubtedly serve as an authoritative reference work in its field for many years to come and [it] deserves to be read by anyone interested in the history of German philosophy 'after Kant'... There exists no better or more reliable guide to the 'era' in question than Beiser's The Fate of Reason. Every student of post-Kantian German philosophy will want to own this book.--Daniel Breazeale "The Owl of Minerva"

In undertaking this survey of the course pursued by German philosophy during the concluding decades of the eighteenth century, Frederick C. Beiser has produced a far-ranging and carefully documented contribution to the history of ideas... [A] scholarly, richly illustrated and well-integrated account of a fascinating moment in the history of thought.--Patrick Gardiner "Times Literary Supplement"

The story Beiser's book tells is an absolutely crucial one for anyone who wants to understand Hegel. More than that, the epistemological and metaphilosophical crises it relates are of considerable general contemporary interest. It can and should be read with profit by philosophers with no antecedent interest in German philosophy of the time. I found it very exciting a--'cracking good read' of the sort one finds too seldom in intellectual history.--Robert Brandom, University of Pittsburgh

This treatment of a neglected chapter in the history of philosophy ranks in thoroughness with the best German sources and is philosophically acute enough to engage the English-speaking philosophical reader. The book is very well written and holds the reader's interest extremely well. Beiser has a talent for seeing the lasting philosophical substance behind disputes couched in the language and problems of another age and culture. The mixture of well-handled philosophical substance and fascinating historical detail will make the book attractive to a wide variety of readers.--Allen Wood

This is a unique, original, and important work. It undertakes a project never before attempted in English, nor likely soon to be attempted again; nor is there, at least as far as I know, any comparable twentieth-century work in German. This is not, however, because everyone else has thought better of the idea; it can only be because anyone else who ever considered it has been daunted by the magnitude of the task involved. What Beiser has written is the history of German philosophy in the epoch of Kant, a history focused primarily on the issue of the authority of reason. There is a great unity to Beiser's treatment: it presents a picture of a whole generation of philosophical activity in all its richness, greater fish as well as lesser ones included. [The account] is fascinating, because it has rarely been attempted at all and because this generation of German philosophy is the first such generation of professional, university-oriented philosophy in modern times. Thus, Beiser gives us a wonderful glimpse into the origin of our profession as such. The richness of the fabric, the detailed presentation of the views, makes [the movements treated] come alive.--Paul Guyer, University of Pennsylvania

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