The Juvenile Justice System: Law and Process / Edition 1

by Joseph B. Sanborn, Anthony W. Salerno, Donna Bishop

Overview

Juvenile delinquency and juvenile justice are two essential topics in the criminal justice curriculum. Sanborn and Salerno's The Juvenile Justice System: Law and Process is dedicated solely to explaining juvenile justice.

This text explores the many differences between the juvenile justice and the criminal justice systems, both those that benefit youths and those that are arguably unfair to them. The book concentrates, describes, and explains the unique traits of juvenile justice and what makes it so different from criminal justice.

The Juvenile Justice System specifically addresses what actually happens during the court process, devoting an entire chapter to the adjudicatory hearing as well as all other major decision-making stages. A unique feature is its in-depth coverage of plea bargaining. Also featured are topics such as parental role in the juvenile justice system, school searches, and the origin of juvenile court.

Another unique benefit of this text is the Numbers section at the end of several chapters, detailing how many youths have been affected by various decisions made in the juvenile justice system (such as arrest, detention, transfer to adult court, adjudication, being placed on probation, or committed to residential placement). In addition, the appendices identify juvenile justice standards for all 50 states and Washington, DC, as well as the federal jurisdiction. These standards apply to all decisions made within the juvenile justice system, including arrest, detention, diversion, intake, transfer, adjudication, disposition, and postdispositional stages.

The text is written in a conversational, reader-friendly style. Each chapter describes and analyzes, step by step, what young alleged offenders experience in each successive stage of the court process. For each chapter, outlines of key terms and concepts aid student comprehension and serve as a starting point for class discussion. Each chapter also features discussion questions designed to stimulate students' critical thinking.

A comprehensive Instructor's Manual/Testing Program and an interactive Student Study Guide are available.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780195330182
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
Publication date:	10/07/2004
Edition description:	New Edition
Pages:	588
Product dimensions:	10.00(w) x 7.00(h) x 1.24(d)

About the Author

University of Central Florida

Rowan University (Emeritus)

Northeastern University

Table of Contents

Section I: A History of Juvenile Justice in the United StatesChapter 1: Putting Juvenile Justice Into ContextSome Preliminary DistinctionsModels or Philosophies of Juvenile JusticeImpact of the Rehabilitation ModelThe Varied Purposes of Juvenile JusticeThe Terminology DifferentiationChapter 2: Historical Development of Juvenile JusticeQuakers' Reform Efforts in the Nineteenth CenturyHouses of RefugeLegal Foundation for the Houses of RefugeReformatories and Separate Trial DocketsThe Emergence of the Juvenile CourtThe Legal Foundation of Juvenile CourtThe Reasons Juvenile Defendants Had No Rights in Juvenile CourtThe Juvenile Justice System, 1899-1967: An OverviewChapter 3: United States Supreme Court Intervention: The Legal Framework of Juvenile JusticeThe Need for Changes in Juvenile Court ProceduresEstablishing the Legal Framework of Juvenile Justice in Kent v. U.S.In re Gault and the Modification of Juvenile Court ProcedurePutting Gault and the Legal Framework Into ContextIn re Winship and the Burden of ProofMcKeiver v. Pennsylvania and the Right to Jury TrialBreed v. Jones and Trial in Both Juvenile and Adult CourtThe Overall Result of the Legal FrameworkSection II: The Nature of Juvenile MisbehaviorChapter 4: Juvenile Court JurisdictionFactors Influencing JurisdictionJuvenile DelinquencyStatus OffensesMandatory ExclusionChapter 5: Measuring Juvenile CrimeMeasuring Juvenile DelinquencyUniform Crime ReportsVictimization SurveysSelf-Report SurveysValidation of SRSCohort StudiesEvaluating Measures of Juvenile DelinquencyAge and DelinquencyGender and DelinquencyRace and DelinquencySocial Class and DelinquencyJuveniles Preying on Juveniles: Juveniles as VictimsChapter 6: Patterns of Juvenile CrimeConsidering PatternsCrime in the SchoolsGangsJuvenile Violent CrimeSerious Violent Juveniles (SVJ)Section III: The Gatekeepers of Juvenile JusticeChapter 7: Policing JuvenilesPolicing: The Underdeveloped ComponentUnique Police Service and Prevention RolesJuveniles' Attitudes Toward PoliceCommunity-Oriented PolicingCurfew LawsDetecting Youth MisbehaviorField Investigations and Stops and FrisksThe Decision Not to Arrest a YouthGrounds and Evidence for Arrest (Taking Into Custody)Factors That Can Affect the Decision to ArrestProcedures Following ArrestSearch and Seizure and InterrogationFingerprints and PhotographsOther Identification MeasuresThe Decision to Refer the Case to Juvenile CourtChapter 8: The Juvenile Court PersonnelA Unique Place to WorkThe ProsecutorThe Defense AttorneyThe JudgeReferees and MastersProbation OfficersParents and VictimsPersonnel OverviewChapter 9: The Intake ProcessIntake ObjectivesPOs as Intake WorkersThe Uniqueness of IntakeIntake OptionsIntake Decision MakingThe Essence of DiversionFailure, Successful Completion, and Impact of DiversionModern Aspects of DiversionResearch on Who Is DivertedThe Formal Prosecution OptionThe Numbers at IntakeSection IV: The Juvenile Court: The Preliminary StagesChapter 10: DetentionPOs as the Gatekeepers to DetentionHumane DetentionThe Detention Alternative MovementDetention SettingsJuveniles in JailJuveniles Eligible for DetentionDetention ResearchRisks (and Needs) AssessmentDetention HearingConstitutional Rights at the Detention HearingThe Need to DetainRelease ConditionsAddressing the Charges at DetentionThe Numbers at DetentionExpedited Trial Date for Detention CasesPotential Unique Aspects of Juvenile DetentionChapter 11: The Pretrial StageAn Underdeveloped StagePleadingPretrial IssuesInformal ResolutionsPlea BargainingNon-negotiated Guilty PleasThe Pleading Guilty ProcessHeading to Transfer or to an Adjudicatory HearingChapter 12: Transfer to Adult CourtThe Prospect of Self-TransferThe What of TransferThe Why of TransferThe When of TransferThe How (or Types) of Transfer: Judicial and ProsecutorialThe First Stage of Judicial Transfer: The Probable Cause HearingThe Second Stage of Judicial Transfer: The Amenability HearingProsecutorial TransferCurrent Standards in Judicial and Prosecutorial TransferThe Extent of Transfer to Adult CourtResearch on Transfer to Adult CourtReverse Transfer: Sending the Youth Back to Juvenile CourtTransfer to Juvenile Court's Second TierThe Juvenile's Future in Criminal CourtYouthful Offender Sentencing in Criminal CourtUse of the Juvenile Court Record in Criminal Court SentencingResearch on Adult Court Sentencing of JuvenilesSome Numbers on Youth Convicted and Sentenced in Criminal CourtSection V: Juvenile Court's Trial and Sentencing StagesChapter 13: The Adjudicatory HearingProsecutorial Case PreparationThe Right to Counsel in Juvenile CourtWaiving the Right to CounselThe Nature of Defense Representation in Juvenile CourtDefense Case PreparationThe Right to a Speedy Trial in Juvenile CourtListing the Case for an Adjudicatory HearingUsing Masters or Referees to Conduct the Adjudicatory HearingThe Nature of Judicial Decision Making in Juvenile CourtThe Private Versus Public Adjudicatory HearingThe Nature of the Adjudicatory HearingThe Adjudicatory Hearing for Detained YouthSome Unique Aspects of the Adjudicatory HearingThe Numbers at AdjudicationChapter 14: The Disposition HearingThe Timing of DispositionThe Participants at DispositionThe Youth's Rights at DispositionThe Predisposition ReportSituational Factors That Can Affect DispositionThe Pandora's Box of Dispositional FactorsResearch Into Factors Affecting DispositionDispositional Options in Juvenile CourtThe Probation DispositionThe Disposition LadderThe Commitment DispositionDifferentiated SentencingMandatory and Minimum SentencesSentencing the ParentsThe Numbers at DispositionChapter 15: Postdisposition Hearings and Matters in Juvenile CourtThe Right to AppealPostdisposition HearingsThe Nonconfidential Juvenile Court RecordSealing and Expunging Juvenile Court RecordsSection VI: Community and Institutional Corrections in Juvenile JusticeChapter 16: Prevention and Treatment in the CommunityCommunity Corrections and Juvenile JusticeJuvenile ProbationDiversionTeen CourtsJuvenile Drug CourtsJuveniles in Community Correctional ProgramsPrevention ProgramsSchoolsThe FamilyPostadjudication ProgramsBest Practices for Probation and Community CorrectionsRestorative JusticeJuvenile Gun CourtsIntensive Aftercare ProgramThe Numbers at ProbationChapter 17: Juvenile InstitutionsPutting Juvenile Institutions Into ContextJuvenile DetentionBoot CampsOverview of Juvenile IncarcerationHidden Juvenile CorrectionsPrivatizing Juvenile CorrectionsInstitutional Program ModelsBest Practices for Education and Rehabilitation in Juvenile CorrectionsDisproportionate Minority ConfinementThe Institutional SubcultureIncarcerated GirlsThe Right to TreatmentProtecting the Rights of Incarcerated JuvenilesConditions in Juvenile CorrectionsThe Numbers at Juvenile CorrectionsThe Costs of Juvenile CorrectionsRelease From IncarcerationSection VII: Future Directions in Juvenile JusticeChapter 18: The Future of Juvenile CourtPutting the History of Juvenile Justice Into Context: The Three Major ThemesPutting the Future of Juvenile Court Into ContextFactors Affecting the FutureProbable DevelopmentsConcluding Remarks: Abolish or Retain Juvenile Court? Appendixes Glossary Court CasesInformative WebsitesReferencesSubject IndexName IndexCase Index