Table of Contents
Foreword James Oakes ix
Preface: The Letter xiii
Introduction: The Letter and Spirit of the Fourteenth Amendment 1
Part I The Privileges or Immunities of Citizenship Clause
1 The Early Origins of Privileges or Immunities 41
2 The Antislavery Origins of "Privileges or Immunities" 61
3 The Antislavery Origins of Republican Citizenship 89
4 Reconstructing National Citizenship 109
5 The Letter: Writing and Ratifying the Privileges or Immunities Clause 128
6 Enforcing Citizenship 156
7 Competing Originalist Interpretations 205
8 The Spirit: Implementing the Privileges or Immunities Clause 227
Part II The Due Process of Law Clause
9 The Letter: The Original Meaning of "Due Process of Law" 261
10 The Spirit: Implementing the Due Process of Law Clause 289
11 The Proper Ends of Legislative Power 299
Part III The Equal Protection of the Laws Clause
12 The Letter: The "Equal Protection of the Laws" 319
13 The Spirit: Implementing the Equal Protection of the Laws 351
Conclusion: The Fourteenth Amendment in Full 373
Notes 385
Acknowledgments 455
Index 459