Table of Contents
Foreword: The End of Presidential Power Theodore J. Lowi xi
Introduction: Exploring the Scope of Presidential Power Raymond Tatalovich Steven E. Schier xv
Part I The Origins of Constitutionalism 1
1 Constitutional Mythology: The Burns-Kendall Debate Raymond Tatalovich 3
The "Two Majorities" Thesis 3
Deadlock of Democracy 5
Debating Constitutionalism 9
Conclusion 12
2 Original Intent and the Presidency: Hamilton versus Jefferson Thomas S. Engeman 16
The Hamiltonian President 16
The Jeffersonian Executive 23
Conclusion 30
3 Jeffersonianism Sustained: Nineteenth-Century Thinkers Thomas S. Engeman 35
Joseph Story 37
Alexis de Tocqueville 40
Frederick Grimke 42
George Ticknor Curtis 46
James Bryce 48
Henry Clay Lockwood 51
Conclusion 54
Part II Progressivism and Its Critics 59
4 Indictment of Constitutionalism: The Progressive Reconstruction Raymond Tatalovich Thomas S. Engeman 61
Woodrow Wilson 64
Henry Jones Ford 68
Theodore Roosevelt 71
J. Allen Smith, Charles Beard, and Herbert Croly 75
Conclusion 78
5 Critics of Progressivism: The Early Constitutionalists Raymond Tatalovich 83
William Howard Taft 83
Calvin Coolidge 86
Charles C. Thach Jr. 89
Conclusion 95
6 Sowing the Seeds of Progressivism: Liberalism and the Rise of the Heroic Presidency Raymond Tatalovich 101
Harold Laski and Class Politics 102
Herman Finer and Collective Government 105
Clinton Rossiter and Presidential Roles 106
James MacGregor Burns's Typology 110
Richard E. Neustadt and Presidential Influence 111
Conclusion 119
7 Anti-Aggrandizement Scholars: Attacking Liberal Government and Liberal Presidents Raymond Tatalovich 126
C. Perry Patterson 126
Alfred de Grazia 130
Edward S. Corwin 131
Conclusion 135
8 From Imperialism to Impotency: Liberal Malaise with Liberal Presidents Raymond Tatalovich 141
Lyndon B. Johnson and Richard M. Nixon 142
George E. Reedy 142
James David Barber 145
Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. 147
Gerald R. Ford and Jimmy Carter 153
The Tethered Presidency 154
The Illusion of Presidential Government 155
Carter Revisionism 157
Back to Parliamentarianism 160
Charles M. Hardin 160
James L. Sundquist 162
Rexford G. Tugwell 164
Conclusion 167
9 Return to Hamiltonianism: Ronald Reagan and the Movement Conservatives Raymond Tatalovich 174
The Fettered Presidency 175
The Imperial Congress 179
Energy in the Executive 182
Conclusion 185
10 Bush, Obama, and Three Presidential Paradigms Raymond Tatalovich Steven E. Schier 190
Hamiltonianism: A Strong President and Strong but Limited Government 191
Jeffersonianism: A Weak President and Weak Government 193
Progressivism: A Strong President and Unlimited Government 196
Bush, the Hamiltonian; Obama, the Progressive 199
Part III The Empirical Presidency 207
11 Plebiscitary Politics, Presidential Leadership, and Personality Raymond Tatalovich Steven E. Schier 209
Plebiscitary Politics 210
The Expectations Gap 210
Rhetorical Leadership 212
Going Public 214
Media Strategies 217
The Fickle Public 219
Presidential Leadership 224
Context for Leadership 224
Great Presidents 228
Failed Leadership 231
Personality 236
12 Legislative Leadership, Executive Unilateralism, and the Administrative Presidency Raymond Tatalovich Steven E. Schier 246
Legislative Leadership 247
Rational Choice 253
Agenda-Setting 255
Executive Unilateralism 258
Presidential War Prerogative 260
Critiques of War Prerogative 262
Domestic Prerogative Power 266
The Administrative Presidency 270
Politicized Bureaucracy 272
Managerial Presidency 274
Advice and Staff 279
Conclusion: The Empirical Presidency and Presidential Power Raymond Tatalovich Steven E. Schier 292
Index 305
About the Authors 311
