The Royalist Revolution: Monarchy and the American Founding

by Eric Nelson

Overview

Winner of the Society of the Cincinnati History Prize, Society of the Cincinnati in the State of New Jersey
Finalist, George Washington Prize
A Choice Outstanding Academic Title of 2015

Generations of students have been taught that the American Revolution was a revolt against royal tyranny. In this revisionist account, Eric Nelson argues that a great many of our “founding fathers” saw themselves as rebels against the British Parliament, not the Crown. The Royalist Revolution interprets the patriot campaign of the 1770s as an insurrection in favor of royal power—driven by the conviction that the Lords and Commons had usurped the just prerogatives of the monarch.

“The Royalist Revolution is a thought-provoking book, and Nelson is to be commended for reviving discussion of the complex ideology of the American Revolution. He reminds us that there was a spectrum of opinion even among the most ardent patriots and a deep British influence on the political institutions of the new country.”
—Andrew O’Shaughnessy, Wall Street Journal

“A scrupulous archaeology of American revolutionary thought.”
—Thomas Meaney, The Nation

“A powerful double-barrelled challenge to historiographical orthodoxy.”
—Colin Kidd, London Review of Books

“[A] brilliant and provocative analysis of the American Revolution.”
—John Brewer, New York Review of Books

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780674979772
Publisher:	Harvard University Press
Publication date:	11/20/2017
Edition description:	Reprint
Pages:	400
Sales rank:	517,959
Product dimensions:	5.70(w) x 8.90(h) x 1.20(d)

About the Author

Eric Nelson is the Robert M. Beren Professor of Government at Harvard University. He is the author of The Royalist Revolution: Monarchy and the American Founding, The Hebrew Republic: Jewish Sources and the Transformation of European Political Thought (both from Harvard), and The Greek Tradition in Republican Thought.

Table of Contents

Introduction "The War of Parliament" 1

1 Patriot Royalism The Stuart Monarchy and the Turn to Prerogative, 1768-1775 29

2 "One Step Farther, and We Are Got Back to Where We Set Out From" Patriots and the Royalist Theory of Representation 66

3 "The Lord Alone Shall Be King of America" 1776, Common Sense, and the Republican Turn 108

4 "The Old Government, as Near as Possible" Royalism in the Wilderness, 1776-1780 146

5 "All Know That a Single Magistrate Is Not a King" Royalism and the Constitution of 1787 184

Conclusion "A New Monarchy in America" 229

Abbreviations 234

Notes 235

Bibliography 345

Acknowledgments 375

Index 379

Editorial Reviews

A scrupulous archaeology of American revolutionary thought.

The Nation - Thomas Meaney

Nelson eloquently underlines the significance of his reinterpretation for American historians. The Royalist Revolution challenges readers to rethink the conventional narrative about the revolt against tyranny, the republicanism of the Founding Fathers, and the surprising extension of executive power in 1787.

Journal of British Studies - Hannah Weiss Muller

For anyone interested in the founding of the American Republic it is indispensable reading.

Standpoint - Jeremy Jennings

The unseen author of American independence, it turns out, was King George III, who chose to remain a parliamentary monarch, and declined (if he ever understood) the American invitation to become an emperor ruling through several independent parliaments. He obliged Americans to pursue a democratic empire and rethink the role of monarchy in their republic. Eric Nelson’s brilliant revision displays both American and British history in their exceptionalisms.

J.G.A. Pocock

Eric Nelson’s new book advances the royalist reinterpretation of 18th-century America a crucial stage further… The Royalist Revolution…provide[s] a powerful double-barrelled challenge to historiographical orthodoxy. Nelson argues persuasively that the Revolution—at least in the beginning—was not a revolt against the supposed tyrant George III, but a rebellion against the claims of the British Parliament.

London Review of Books - Colin Kidd

The Royalist Revolution is a thought-provoking book, and Nelson is to be commended for reviving discussion of the complex ideology of the American Revolution. He reminds us that there was a spectrum of opinion even among the most ardent patriots and a deep British influence on the political institutions of the new country.

Wall Street Journal - Andrew O’Shaughnessy

By the 1760s, parliament was imposing taxes on the colonists without their consent. Patriot leaders like John Adams expressed longing for George III to restrain the legislative tyranny of parliament. Generations of historians have largely regarded such statements as insincere rhetorical ploys—as arguments of convenience lodged and then quickly forgotten. Nelson makes a convincing case that in so doing, historians have overlooked an important part of the political philosophy that impelled the American Revolution.

The Atlantic - Yoni Appelbaum

The Royalist Revolution is a provocative and important contribution to our never-ending interest in the invention of American constitutionalism. It dares the reader to rethink basic premises of American constitutional history. Carefully researched, ingeniously argued, this book will have a significant and controversial impact on scholarship.

Jack Rakove

The Royalist Revolution is the most challenging and original account of the constitutional history of the American Revolution in generations. With admirable lucidity and impeccable scholarship, Eric Nelson traces the ideological origins of colonial revolt and the prerogatives of a powerful Presidency back to their roots in seventeenth-century British arguments against Parliament. In light of his findings, the Founding Era will never look quite the same again.

David Armitage

[A] brilliant and provocative analysis of the American Revolution… [Nelson] departs radically from his predecessors, arguing that it was admiration for royal prerogative power and belief in the virtues of a strong executive, both derived from seventeenth-century precedents, that fostered the rebellion against Britain and shaped the Constitution of the new American republic. His Revolution comes out of a royalist, not a parliamentarian, tradition. The Royalist Revolution is a book of great intellectual power: it is not just challenging but erudite (many of its abundant footnotes are brilliant short essays in their own right), and, though densely argued, is written with admirable clarity and fairness.

New York Review of Books - John Brewer

Nelson has given us a text of monumental importance. It is clear that historians will not be able to ignore this significant contribution… The Royalist Revolution will make many of us think very hard about what we thought we knew.

Canadian Journal of History - Matthew Dziennik

[Nelson’s] argument will alternately surprise, shock, distress, and outrage many scholars, but it will also help to reshape a debate about the origins of the presidency, a topic that gravely matters as we agonize over the role of the post-9/11 executive in our impassioned and impasse-ridden politics… Eric Nelson’s real genius is to force us to rethink both the origins and substance of critical political ideas… We will be wrestling with the implications of its argument for some time.

Weekly Standard - Jack N. Rakove

Brilliantly argued… The Royalist Revolution is surely one of the most important works on Revolutionary era political thought to appear in many years.

John W. Comptonn Political Thought

Eric Nelson’s provocative new work, The Royalist Revolution: Monarchy and the American Founding, represents an important contribution to our understanding of the framing of the Article II powers of the Presidency… Nelson is to be congratulated for his elegant and illuminating treatment of this important body of patriot revolutionary thought. He provides a persuasive rebuttal to the conventional wisdom… Nelson’s discussion of the debate over the executive at Philadelphia will be of inestimable value to scholars of constitutional law and history. For it is here that he maps with great depth and subtlety the way that royal authority informed the Framers’ understanding of America’s chief magistracy. And as scholars and statesmen alike continue to debate the scope of the President’s discretionary authority, the ideas that helped shape the powers of the executive in 1787 become all the more relevant today.

Harvard Law Review - Tara Helfman

Brilliantly argued… The Royalist Revolution is surely one of the most important works on Revolutionary era political thought to appear in many years.

American Political Thought - John W. Compton

The Royalist Revolution is a thought-provoking book, and Nelson is to be commended for reviving discussion of the complex ideology of the American Revolution. He reminds us that there was a spectrum of opinion even among the most ardent patriots and a deep British influence on the political institutions of the new country.

Wall Street Journal - Andrew O’Shaughnessy

07/28/2014
This deeply scholarly book from Nelson, professor of government at Harvard, continues in new dress an argument that’s existed since the 1770s: whether the United States came into existence in opposition to Parliament and its ministers or in opposition to the King. If the former, then there was little worry about a strong executive in the revolutionary era, and by extension the argument would follow that there shouldn’t be a worry today. Embroiling himself in an active debate among scholars, Nelson comes down squarely on the side of those who argue that the American Revolution was a “revolution against a legislature, not against a king.” Because the Whigs of 1776 were opposing the British legislature, he argues, the Founders never turned their backs on the executive function. Instead, they argued over what powers to give it. Accordingly, the debates over the Constitution in 1787 and 1788 were about the American version of the royal prerogative—what became the American presidency. The result was, and is, an executive branch whose powers are enshrined in the Constitution—itself the “successful conclusion of a twenty-year campaign in favor of prerogative power.” Sure to fire up an old debate, Nelson’s book constitutes an important contribution to the literature on early American constitutionalism. (Oct.)

Publishers Weekly

[A] brilliant and provocative analysis of the American Revolution… [Nelson] departs radically from his predecessors, arguing that it was admiration for royal prerogative power and belief in the virtues of a strong executive, both derived from seventeenth-century precedents, that fostered the rebellion against Britain and shaped the Constitution of the new American republic. His Revolution comes out of a royalist, not a parliamentarian, tradition. The Royalist Revolution is a book of great intellectual power: it is not just challenging but erudite (many of its abundant footnotes are brilliant short essays in their own right), and, though densely argued, is written with admirable clarity and fairness.
-- John Brewer New York Review of Books

The Royalist Revolution is a thought-provoking book, and Nelson is to be commended for reviving discussion of the complex ideology of the American Revolution. He reminds us that there was a spectrum of opinion even among the most ardent patriots and a deep British influence on the political institutions of the new country.
-- Andrew O’Shaughnessy Wall Street Journal

By the 1760s, parliament was imposing taxes on the colonists without their consent. Patriot leaders like John Adams expressed longing for George III to restrain the legislative tyranny of parliament. Generations of historians have largely regarded such statements as insincere rhetorical ploys—as arguments of convenience lodged and then quickly forgotten. Nelson makes a convincing case that in so doing, historians have overlooked an important part of the political philosophy that impelled the American Revolution.
-- Yoni Appelbaum The Atlantic

A scrupulous archaeology of American revolutionary thought.
-- Thomas Meaney The Nation

[Nelson’s] argument will alternately surprise, shock, distress, and outrage many scholars, but it will also help to reshape a debate about the origins of the presidency, a topic that gravely matters as we agonize over the role of the post-9/11 executive in our impassioned and impasse-ridden politics… Eric Nelson’s real genius is to force us to rethink both the origins and substance of critical political ideas… We will be wrestling with the implications of its argument for some time.
-- Jack N. Rakove Weekly Standard

Eric Nelson’s new book advances the royalist reinterpretation of 18th-century America a crucial stage further… The Royalist Revolution…provide[s] a powerful double-barrelled challenge to historiographical orthodoxy. Nelson argues persuasively that the Revolution—at least in the beginning—was not a revolt against the supposed tyrant George III, but a rebellion against the claims of the British Parliament.
-- Colin Kidd London Review of Books

For anyone interested in the founding of the American Republic it is indispensable reading.
-- Jeremy Jennings Standpoint

Brilliantly argued… The Royalist Revolution is surely one of the most important works on Revolutionary era political thought to appear in many years.
-- John W. Compton American Political Thought

Nelson has given us a text of monumental importance. It is clear that historians will not be able to ignore this significant contribution… The Royalist Revolution will make many of us think very hard about what we thought we knew.
-- Matthew Dziennik Canadian Journal of History

Eric Nelson’s provocative new work, The Royalist Revolution: Monarchy and the American Founding, represents an important contribution to our understanding of the framing of the Article II powers of the Presidency… Nelson is to be congratulated for his elegant and illuminating treatment of this important body of patriot revolutionary thought. He provides a persuasive rebuttal to the conventional wisdom… Nelson’s discussion of the debate over the executive at Philadelphia will be of inestimable value to scholars of constitutional law and history. For it is here that he maps with great depth and subtlety the way that royal authority informed the Framers’ understanding of America’s chief magistracy. And as scholars and statesmen alike continue to debate the scope of the President’s discretionary authority, the ideas that helped shape the powers of the executive in 1787 become all the more relevant today.
-- Tara Helfman Harvard Law Review

Nelson eloquently underlines the significance of his reinterpretation for American historians. The Royalist Revolution challenges readers to rethink the conventional narrative about the revolt against tyranny, the republicanism of the Founding Fathers, and the surprising extension of executive power in 1787.
-- Hannah Weiss Muller Journal of British Studies

Sure to fire up an old debate, Nelson’s book constitutes an important contribution to the literature on early American constitutionalism.
-- Publishers Weekly

The Royalist Revolution is the most challenging and original account of the constitutional history of the American Revolution in generations. With admirable lucidity and impeccable scholarship, Eric Nelson traces the ideological origins of colonial revolt and the prerogatives of a powerful Presidency back to their roots in seventeenth-century British arguments against Parliament. In light of his findings, the Founding Era will never look quite the same again.
-- David Armitage, author of The Declaration of Independence: A Global History

The unseen author of American independence, it turns out, was King George III, who chose to remain a parliamentary monarch, and declined (if he ever understood) the American invitation to become an emperor ruling through several independent parliaments. He obliged Americans to pursue a democratic empire and rethink the role of monarchy in their republic. Eric Nelson’s brilliant revision displays both American and British history in their exceptionalisms.
-- J.G.A. Pocock

The Royalist Revolution is a provocative and important contribution to our never-ending interest in the invention of American constitutionalism. It dares the reader to rethink basic premises of American constitutional history. Carefully researched, ingeniously argued, this book will have a significant and controversial impact on scholarship.
-- Jack Rakove, Stanford University

From the Publisher