Table of Contents
Map: The Main Camp Complexes of the Gulag System, Across the USSR viii
Note on the Changing Titles of the Secret Police xi
Introduction xv
Chapter 1 The Roots of Lenin's Dictatorship 1
Chapter 2 The Start of 'Red Terror', September-October 1918 25
Chapter 3 Civil War and Mass Violence, 1918-22 41
Chapter 4 A Return to Normal in the 1920s … But What Is Normal? 61
Chapter 5 A Forgotten 'Genocide'? The Ukrainian Famine 81
Chapter 6 The Revolution Starts to Turn on Its Own 101
Chapter 7 The 'Great Terror', 1937-8 119
Chapter 8 Empire of Repression: Life in the Gulag System 141
Chapter 9 The Secret Police in the Great Patriotic War (1941-5) 161
Chapter 10 Bringing Eastern Europe Under Control After 1945 183
Chapter 11 The Post-war Repression and the Death of Stalin 203
Chapter 12 Rebuilding Repression, from the Mid-1960s to the Early 1980s 225
Chapter 13 From Gorbachev to Putin: The End of the USSR and Its Secret Police State 243
Chapter 14 The Ghosts of History: The Continuing Influence of the Soviet Police State 257
Notes 274
Bibliography 301
Acknowledgements 304
Index 305