The Use of Bone Substitutes in Spine Surgery: A State of the Art Review / Edition 1

by R. Gunzburg, M. Szpalski, N. Passuti, M. Aebi

Overview

Spinal arthrodesis is a generally accepted procedure for the management of patients with a variety of spinal disorders. The primary goal for spinal fusion is to eliminate the instability of the spine, often caused by trauma, deformity, tumor, inflammation or infection, and common degenera­ tive deterioration of the motion segments. In many clini­ FRA paw', cal situations, the optimal solution in restoring the spine's integrity is through surgical intervention. There are many techniques of spinal fusion applicable to the lumbar spine. Posterior (PLIF) and anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) have been developed and employed to address PLlI' po . . . . . these concerns alone or in combination with various internal fixation devices. The anterior column is often recon­ structed with metallic intervertebral cages or biological Fig. ! Femoral ring allograft (FRA) and posterior lumbar inter­ implants (allograft or autograft bone) [16, 31]. body fusion (PLlF) spacers The success of every spine fusion procedure depends on the phenomenon of bone healing. Whether the healing process occurs depends on many factors, including the type This paper aims to provide a review of the two newly of biological graft, host factors, technique, and the rigidity developed biological cages, the femoral ring allograft of the particular surgical construct. Bone grafts serve two (FRA) spacer and the posterior lumbar interbody fusion main functions: they provide for the synthesis of new bone (PLIF) spacer (Fig. 1).

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9783540426875
Publisher:	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publication date:	12/18/2001
Edition description:	2002
Pages:	130
Product dimensions:	8.10(w) x 10.80(h) x 0.30(d)

About the Author

Gunzburg, Robert; Szpalski, Marek; Passuti, Norbert; Aebi, Max

Table of Contents

Biomaterials: the new frontiers in spine surgery.- General Principles.- Biology of bone and how it orchestrates the form and function of the skeleton.- With 5 Figures.- Osteoinduction, osteoconduction and osseointegration.- With 6 Figures.- Factors stimulating bone formation.- With 1 Table.- Influence of bone environment on ceramic osteointegration in spinal fusion: comparison of bone-poor and bone-rich sites.- With 2 Figures.- Physical and chemical aspects of calcium phosphates used in spinal surgery.- With 2 Figures and 2 Tables.- Experimental Models.- Demineralized bone matrix, bone morphogenetic proteins, and animal models of spine fusion: an overview.- Porous tricalcium phosphate and transforming growth factor used for anterior spine surgery.- With 6 Figures and 1 Table.- Potential of an ultraporous ß-tricalcium phosphate synthetic cancellous bone void filler and bone marrow aspirate composite graft.- With 6 Figures and 1 Table.- Comparison of a new bisphenol-a-glycidyl dimethacrylate-based cortical bone void filler with polymethyl methacrylate.- With 4 Figures.- Clinical Applications.- Vertrebral reconstruction with cortical allograft: long-term evaluation.- With 3 Figures and 2 Tables.- Outcomes of allogenic cages in anterior and posterior lumbar interbody fusion.- With 10 Figures and 2 Tables.- Clinical applications of bone graft substitutes in spine surgery: consideration of mineralized and demineralized preparations and growth factor supplementation.- With 2 Figures.- ß-tricalcium phosphate as a bone substitute for dorsal spinal fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: preliminary results of a prospective clinical study.- With 7 Figures and 4 Tables.- The use of sintered bone in spinal surgery.- With 2 Figures.- Plaster of Paris as bone substitute in spinal surgery.- With 4 Figures and 2 Tables.- Use of hydroxyapatite in spine surgery.- Bone substitutes in vertebroplasty.- With 2 Figures and 3 Tables.

Editorial Reviews

Reviewer: Christopher J. Bergin, MD (University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine)
Description: This review of bone graft substitutes for spinal surgery is divided into three sections: general principles, experimental models, and clinical applications of bone graft substitutes and expanders.
Purpose: The purpose is to present the state-of-the-art in bone substitution for the spine. This is an important goal that is achieved by the authors.
Audience: This treatise is aimed at spinal surgeons and research scientists. The editors and contributing authors are generally well known and authoritative in this field.
Features: The review includes the basic science, experimental data, and clinical experience of bone substitutes and expanders. The chapters are generally straightforward and succinct. As with any review with many contributing authors, there is some overlap, but the redundancy is more than acceptable. The basic science section is particularly interesting, and helps form a base to understand the rest of the book. The illustrations and clinical pictures are generally excellent.
Assessment: This is an excellent, up-to-date review of the subject of bone graft substitution in spinal surgery. I know of no other similar book, although a number of review articles are available on the subject. This is a rapidly expanding field, and with the imminent release of BMP's into clinical practice, some of the information may become obsolete. Even if this becomes the case, this is still a valuable addition to the library of the spinal surgeon and researcher.

Doody's Review Service

3 Stars from Doody