Table of Contents
Foreword v
Editorial Staffs and Authors ix
Prologue 1
Part I How to Survive a Tsunami 7
1 Examples of Tsunamis and Tsunami Disasters 9
1.1 Case Studies of Actual Tsunami Disasters 9
1.2 Indian Ocean Tsunami Disaster 13
1.3 Hokkaido Nansei-oki Earthquake Tsunami Disaster (Japan, 1993) 56
1.4 Case Study - What Separated Life and Death? 65
1.5 Damage to Buildings 76
1.6 Damage by Ships and Other Floating Objects 88
2 Knowledge for Tsunami Survival 101
2.1 Tsunamis and the Coast 101
2.2 Tsunami Currents and the Danger to Humans 120
2.3 How Houses are Washed Away 133
2.4 Effect of Natural Objects 150
2.5 Effect of Artificial Structures 158
3 Prevention and Mitigation of Tsunami Disasters 177
3.1 Viewpoint of Disaster Prevention (Preparedness) 177
3.2 Countermeasures by Hardware 188
3.3 Countermeasures by Software 200
3.4 Transmission of Experience and Education 211
3.5Regional Efforts to Implement Comprehensive Tsunami Countermeasures 225
Part II Tsunami Behavior and Forecasting 241
4 Occurrence and Amplification of Tsunamis 243
4.1 Mechanism of Tsunami Occurrence 243
4.2 Amplification and Attenuation of Tsunamis at Coast 250
4.3 Tsunami Run-up and Wave Force 260
5 Tsunami Simulations and Forecasting Systems 281
5.1 Tsunami Simulations 281
5.2 Tsunami Forecasting Systems and Their Evolution 284
5.3 Future of Tsunami Forecasting Systems 293
Epilogue 297
Index 299