Turfgrass Insects of the United States and Canada / Edition 2

by Patricia J. Vittum, Michael G. Villani, Haruo Tashiro

Overview

The first edition of this reference work became known as the bible of turfgrass entomology upon publication in 1987. It proved invaluable to both professional entomologists and commercial turf managers, and also has been used widely in college extension courses. Now the author of that work, Haruo Tashiro, is joined by Patricia J. Vittum and Michael G. Villani in incorporating the latest research into an eagerly awaited second edition that provides the most comprehensive coverage available of turfgrass pests in the continental United States, Hawaii, and southern Canada.

The volume opens with an account of turfgrass in the modern environment and then offers fundamental information on insects and their arthropod relatives. For each major insect or group, the book covers taxonomy, importance, history and distribution, host plants and damage, description of life stages, life history and habits, and natural enemies. Birds and mammals that are attracted to turfgrass by the presence of insects are also considered. The book provides an overview of detection and diagnosis of insect infestation, survey techniques, and principles of strategy and control.

Every chapter of the original edition has been updated to the current state of knowledge. Among the highlights of the second edition are new chapters on biological control principles, on sampling techniques and setting thresholds, and on integrated pest management. The chapters on chemical control and on insect habitats in turf have been expanded considerably, as have those on billbugs, mole crickets, cutworms, white grubs, and ants.

To aid in identification, this new edition features 576 color images on 72 plates. Larger, clearer images show the life stages of nearly all turfgrass insects to be found in North America north of the Rio Grande, as well as examples of damage. A distribution map and full-sized sketches of developmental stages are also included for each insect pest discussed.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780801435089
Publisher:	Cornell University Press
Publication date:	12/15/1999
Edition description:	Second Edition
Pages:	448
Product dimensions:	7.00(w) x 10.00(h) x (d)
Age Range:	18 Years

About the Author

Patricia J. Vittum spent thirty-seven years on the faculty of the University of Massachusetts-Amherst, conducting research on the biology and ecology of several turf insects. She received the Distinguished Service Award from the United States Golf Association Green Section in 2015 and from the Golf Course Superintendents Association of America in 2017.

Table of Contents

1. Turfgrass in the Modern Environment
Grass Structure
Grass Identification
Turfgrass Climatic Adaptations
Major Turfgrasses in the United States and Canada
Cool-Season Grasses
Warm-Season Grasses
Summary of Grass Characters
Drought Dormancy and Its Relationship to Insect Damage
Dichondra Lawns
Economic Impact of Turfgrass Culture
2. Insects and Near Relatives
Phylum Arthropoda
Taxonomy of Insects
Form and Function of Insects and Mites
Types of Mouthparts and Turf-Feeding Damage
Other Types of Mouthparts and Feeding
Orders of Turfgrass-Damaging Insects and Mites
3. Insects and Mites: Turf Association
Habitats of Turfgrass Insects
Leaf- and Stem-Inhabiting Pests
Stem- and Thatch-Inhabiting Pests
Thatch- and Root-Inhabiting Pest
Seasonal Presence of Injurious Stages
4. Acarine Pests
Bermudagrass Mite
Zoysiagrass Mite
Buffalograss Mite
Winter Grain Mite
Clover Mite
Banks Grass Mite
5. Orthopteran Pests: Family Gryllotalpidae
Southern and Tawny Mole Crickets
6. Hemipteran Pests: Suborder Heteroptera
The Blissus Chinch Bugs
Chinch Bug Taxonomy
Hairy Chinch Bug
Southern Chinch Bug
Western Chinch Bug
Common Chinch Bug
7. Hemipteran Pests: Suborder Homoptera
Greenbug
Two-Lined Spittlebug
Rhodesgrass Mealybug
Buffalograss Mealybugs
Ground Pearl
8. Lepidopteran Pests: Family Crambidae
Temperate-Region Sod Webworms
Tropical-Region Sod Webworms
9. Lepidopteran Pests: Family Noctuidae
Cutworms and Armyworms
Black Cutworm
Variegated Cutworm
Winter Cutworm
Armyworm
Bronzed Cutworm
Fall Armyworm
Yellow-Striped Armyworm
Lawn Armyworm
10. Lepidopteran Pests: Family Hesperiidae
Fiery Skipper
11. Coleopteran Pests: Family Scarabaeidae
Overview
12. Scarabaeid Pests: Subfamily Aphodiinae
Black Turfgrass Ataenius
Aphodius spp.
13. Scarabaeid Pests: Subfamily Cetoniinae
Green June Beetle
14. Scarabaeid Pests: Subfamily Dynastinae
Masked Chafers
15. Scarabaeid Pests: Subfamily Melolonthinae
Asiatic Garden Beetle
European Chafer
May and June Beetles
16. Scarabaeid Pests: Subfamily Rutelinae
Japanese Beetle
Oriental Beetle
17. Coleopteran Pests: Family Chrysomelidae
Dichondra Flea Beetle
18. Coleopteran Pests: Family Curculionidae
Billbug Taxonomy
Bluegrass Billbug
Hunting Billbug
Phoenician Billbug, Rocky Mountain Billbug, and Other Billbug Species
Annual Bluegrass Weevil
19. Dipteran Pests: Families Tipulidae and Chloropidae
Invasive Crane Flies
European Crane Fly
Common Crane Fly
Frit Fly
20. Hymenopteran Pests: Family Formicidae
Ants—Overview
Red Imported Fire Ant
Turfgrass Ant
Harvester Ants
21. Hymenopteran Pests: Families Sphecidae and Vespidae
Bees and Wasps
Cicada Killer
Yellowjacket
22. Minor Insect Pests
Northern Mole Cricket (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae)
Short-Tailed Cricket (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)
Grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
Periodical Cicadas (Homoptera: Cicadidae)
Leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)
Fleahoppers (Heteroptera: Miridae)
Bermudagrass Scale (Homoptera: Diaspididae)
Turfgrass Scale (Homoptera: Coccidae)
Cottony Grass Scale (Homoptera: Coccidae)
Lucerne Moth (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Burrowing Sod Webworms (Lepidoptera: Acrolophidae)
Granulate Cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Striped Grassworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Sugarcane Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Subfamily Dynastinae)
Tomarus subtropicus (Sugarcane Grub) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Subfamily Dynastinae)
Carrot Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Subfamily Dynastinae)
Polyphylla spp. Grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Subfamily Melolonthinae)
Wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae)
Vegetable Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
March Flies (Diptera: Bibionidae)
23. Turfgrass-Associated Arthropods and Near Relatives
Turfgrass-Associated Invertebrates
Earthworms
Stinkworms
Snails and Slugs
Turfgrass-Associated Arthropods
Pillbugs and Sowbugs
Millipedes
Centipedes
Spiders
Mites
Scorpions
Ticks
Chiggers
Turfgrass-Associated Insects
Springtails
Earwigs
Fleas
Mosquitoes and Biting Midges
Wild Bees
Effect of Insecticides on Nontarget Arthropods
24. Vertebrate Pests
Birds
Mammals
25. Principles of Integrated Pest Management
Site Assessment
Scouting or Monitoring
Setting Thresholds
Predicting Pest Activity
Stress Management
Biological Control
Chemical Control
Finding Compatible Strategies
Evaluation
Advantages of Integrated Pest Management
26. Sampling Techniques and Setting Thresholds
Accurate Diagnosis
Scouting or Monitoring
Early Detection and Diagnosis
Relating Symptoms to Cause
Collecting and Labeling Specimens for Identification
Population Survey Techniques
Active Sampling Techniques
Passive Sampling Techniques
Setting Thresholds
27. Biological Control Strategies
Using Natural Enemies in Turfgrass Management
Predators
Parasitoids
Pathogens
Bacteria
Entomopathogenic Nematodes
Entomopathogenic Fungi
Rickettsias
Viruses
Protozoans
Endophytes
Pheromones
Insect Growth Regulators
Botanicals
28. Chemical Control Strategies
Accurate Diagnosis
Threshold Populations
Influence of Thatch
Timing of Application—Seasonal
Timing of Application—Daily
Windows of Opportunity
Names of Insecticides
Chemical Properties of Insecticides
Chemical Classes of Insecticides
Insecticide Resistance
Effect of Insecticides on Nontarget Organisms
Toxicity of Insecticides
Application Technology
Environmental Fate of Pesticides
Selecting an Insecticide
Pesticides and Pollinators
Other Beneficial Insects

What People are Saying About This

Rick L. Brandenburg

There is no book available that offers such comprehensive, yet in-depth coverage of turfgrass insects and associated pests. The team of highly regarded authors mastered the challenge of integrating the latest research findings and produced an outstanding volume with the finest collection of color plates of pests and damage found anywhere. If you only have one book as a reference for turfgrass insect management, this should definitely be the one!

From the Publisher

"This contribution updates and expands the excellent first edition by Tashiro... and will become the new standard reference for turfgrass entomology. Users stilll must tailor the information to their turfgrass species in their environments to make the most effective use of the book. This task is much easier with the depth and breadth of information provided.."

Patricia P. Cobb

Turfgrass Insects of the United States and Canada achieves readability and inclusiveness—this book is truly the encyclopedia of turfgrass insects.

Mike Haddock

"This revised and expanded second edition is excellent, and is highly recommended for anyone working with turfgrasses and their pests."

David Shetlar

Vittum, Villani, and Tashiro have performed an excellent job of integrating the current body of turfgrass entomological knowledge into their revision. Turfgrass Insects of the United States maintains its position as the premier resource of information on turfgrass insect, mite, and animal pests and is a 'must have' for any serious turfgrass manager.

Editorial Reviews

"This contribution updates and expands the excellent first edition by Tashiro... and will become the new standard reference for turfgrass entomology. Users stilll must tailor the information to their turfgrass species in their environments to make the most effective use of the book. This task is much easier with the depth and breadth of information provided."

Choice

"Vittum, Villani, and Tashiro have performed an excellent job of integrating the current body of turfgrass entomological knowledge into their revision. Turfgrass Insects of the United States maintains its position as the premier resource of information on turfgrass insect, mite, and animal pests and is a 'must have' for any serious turfgrass manager."

David Shetlar

"Turfgrass Insects of the United States and Canada achieves readability and inclusiveness—this book is truly the encyclopedia of turfgrass insects."

Patricia P. Cobb

"This revised and expanded second edition is excellent, and is highly recommended for anyone working with turfgrasses and their pests."

Mike Haddock

"This contribution updates and expands the excellent first edition by Tashiro... and will become the new standard reference for turfgrass entomology. Users stilll must tailor the information to their turfgrass species in their environments to make the most effective use of the book. This task is much easier with the depth and breadth of information provided.."

From the Publisher

"There is no book available that offers such comprehensive, yet in-depth coverage of turfgrass insects and associated pests. The team of highly regarded authors mastered the challenge of integrating the latest research findings and produced an outstanding volume with the finest collection of color plates of pests and damage found anywhere. If you only have one book as a reference for turfgrass insect management, this should definitely be the one!"

Rick L. Brandenburg

This revised and expanded second edition is excellent and is highly recommended for anyone working with turfgrasses and their pests.

E-Streams